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Oxford American Handbook of Ophthalmology (Oxford American Handbooks in Medicine) PDF

767 Pages·2011·10.49 MB·English
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Oxford American Handbook of Ophthalmology About the Oxford American Handbooks in Medicine The Oxford American Handbooks are pocket clinical books, providing practical guidance in quick reference, note form. Titles cover major medical specialties or cross-specialty topics and are aimed at students, residents, internists, family physicians, and practicing physicians within specifi c disciplines. Their reputation is built on including the best clinical information, com- plemented by hints, tips, and advice from the authors. Each one is carefully reviewed by senior subject experts, residents, and students to ensure that content refl ects the reality of day-to-day medical practice. Key series features • Written in short chunks, each topic is covered in a two-page spread to enable readers to fi nd information quickly. They are also perfect for test preparation and gaining a quick overview of a subject without scanning through unnecessary pages. • Content is evidence based and complemented by the expertise and judgment of experienced authors. • The Handbooks provide a humanistic approach to medicine—it’s more than just treatment by numbers. • A “friend in your pocket,” the Handbooks offer honest, reliable guidance about the diffi culties of practicing medicine and provide coverage of both the practice and art of medicine. • For quick reference, useful “everyday” information is included on the inside covers. Published and Forthcoming Oxford American Handbooks Oxford American Handbook of Clinical Medicine Oxford American Handbook of Anesthesiology Oxford American Handbook of Cardiology Oxford American Handbook of Clinical Dentistry Oxford American Handbook of Clinical Diagnosis Oxford American Handbook of Clinical Pharmacy Oxford American Handbook of Critical Care Oxford American Handbook of Emergency Medicine Oxford American Handbook of Geriatric Medicine Oxford American Handbook of Nephrology and Hypertension Oxford American Handbook of Neurology Oxford American Handbook of Obstetrics and Gynecology Oxford American Handbook of Oncology Oxford American Handbook of Ophthalmology Oxford American Handbook of Otolaryngology Oxford American Handbook of Pediatrics Oxford American Handbook of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Oxford American Handbook of Psychiatry Oxford American Handbook of Pulmonary Medicine Oxford American Handbook of Rheumatology Oxford American Handbook of Sports Medicine Oxford American Handbook of Surgery Oxford American Handbook of Urology Oxford American Handbook of Ophthalmology Edited by James C. Tsai, MD, MBA Robert R. Young Professor and Chairman Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Yale University School of Medicine Chief of Ophthalmology, Yale-New Haven Hospital New Haven, Connecticut Alastair K.O. Denniston, MA, MRCP, MRCOphth Clinical Lecturer in Ophthalmology University of Birmingham, UK Philip I. Murray, PhD, FRCP, FRCS, FRCOphth Professor of Ophthalmology University of Birmingham, UK John J. Huang, MD Associate Professor of Ophthalmology and Visual Science Director of Clinical Trials and Translational Research, Yale Eye Center Director of Uveitis and Ocular Immunology Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut Tamir S. Aldad, BA Predoctoral Research Fellow Yale University School of Medicine New Haven, Connecticut 1 3 Oxford University Press, Inc. publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2011 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press First published 2011 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Oxford American handbook of ophthalmology / edited by James C. Tsai … [et al.]. p. ; cm. Other title: Handbook of ophthalmology Includes index. ISBN 978-0-19-539344-6 1. Ophthalmology—Handbooks, manuals, etc. I. Tsai, James C. II. Title: Handbook of ophthalmology. [DNLM: 1. Eye Diseases—Handbooks. WW 39] RE48.9.O94 2011 617.7—dc22 2010028006 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in China on acid-free paper This material is not intended to be, and should not be considered, a sub- stitute for medical or other professional advice. Treatment for the con- ditions described in this material is highly dependent on the individual circumstances. And, while this material is designed to offer accurate infor- mation with respect to the subject matter covered and to be current as of the time it was written, research and knowledge about medical and health issues is constantly evolving and dose schedules for medications are being revised continually, with new side effects recognized and accounted for regularly. Readers must therefore always check the product informa- tion and clinical procedures with the most up-to-date published prod- uct information and data sheets provided by the manufacturers and the most recent codes of conduct and safety regulation. Oxford University Press and the authors make no representations or warranties to readers, express or implied, as to the accuracy or completeness of this material, including without limitation that they make no representation or warran- ties as to the accuracy or effi cacy of the drug dosages mentioned in the material. The authors and the publishers do not accept, and expressly dis- claim, any responsibility for any liability, loss, or risk that may be claimed or incurred as a consequence of the use and/or application of any of the contents of this material. This page intentionally left blank vii PPrreeffaaccee and Acknowledgments In this American edition of the popular Oxford Handbook of Ophthalmology, the editors have attempted to retain the essence of the original hand- book while incorporating recent advances, current practice patterns, and state-of-the-art concepts in the wide-ranging fi eld of ophthalmic disease. In doing so, we hope that this Handbook provides the eye care provider with timely information that is readily accessible and easy to incorporate into the everyday management of patients. As a rapid reference guide for practicing clinicians, trainees, students, and other ancillary health care professionals, the Oxford American Handbook of Ophthalmology greatly benefi ts from the expertise of accomplished clinicians in the various sub- specialties in ophthalmology. The editors of the Oxford American Handbook of Ophthalmology would like to express our deepest gratitude to the contributing chapter authors, all of whom are exceptional faculty members practicing in the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science at the Yale University School of Medicine. We also acknowledge and appreciate the advice and technical support of Andrea Seils and Staci Hou at Oxford University Press in New York, as well as Angela Luck for her anatomical illustrations. We are indebted to our mentors, colleagues, students, and patients for helping to shape and enhance our clinical and scholarly endeavors. We wish to thank Alastair Denniston and Philip Murray, the authors of the original UK edition of the Oxford Handbook of Ophthalmology, and acknowledge the extraordinary work they did. Finally, we wish to thank our families and friends for their incredible support and encouragement throughout the entire editorial process. This page intentionally left blank ix Contents Contributors xi Symbols and abbreviations xiii Orthoptic abbreviations xxiii 1 Clinical skills 1 2 Diagnostic tests and their interpretation 47 3 Trauma 79 4 Lids 103 5 Lacrimal 127 6 Conjunctiva 135 7 Cornea 159 8 Sclera 217 9 Lens 227 10 Glaucoma 261 11 Uveitis 313 12 Vitreoretinal 373 13 Medical retina 405 14 Orbit 469 15 Intraocular tumors 493 16 Neuro-ophthalmology 513 17 Strabismus 571 18 Pediatric ophthalmology 599 19 Aids to diagnosis 647 20 Vision in context 677

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