Osteoarthritis: Fundamentals and Strategies for Joint-Preserving Treatment PDF
Preview Osteoarthritis: Fundamentals and Strategies for Joint-Preserving Treatment
J. GRIFKA D.J. OGILVIE-HARRIS (Eds.) . Osteoarthritis Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Barcelona Hong Kong London Milan Paris Singapore Tokyo J. GRIFKA D. J. OGILVIE-HARRIS Editors Osteoarth ritis Fundamentals and Strategies for Joint-Preserving Treatment With 102 Figures, 46 in Colour, and 36 Tables , Springer JOACHIM GRIFKA, MD Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Orthopaedics, St. Josef-Hospital Ruhr-University Bochum Gudrunstrasse 56, 44791 Bochum, Germany DARRELL J. OGILVIE-HARRIS, MD ;>rofessor of Orthopaedic Surgery University of Toronto and the Toronto Hospital Edith Cavell Wing 1-032 399 Bathurst Street, Toronto M5T 2S8, Canada ISBN 978-3-642-87754-4 Cataloging-in-Publication Data applied for. Die Deutsche Bibliothek - CIP-Einheitsaufnahme Osteoarthritis: fundamentals and strategies for joint preserving treatment; with 36 tablesl J. Grifka; D. J. Ogilvie-Harris (ed.). - Berlin; Heidelberg; New York; Barcelona; Hong Kong; London; Milan; Paris; Singapore; Tokyo: Springer, 2000 ISBN 978-3-642-87754-4 ISBN 978-3-642-87752-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-87752-0 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illus trations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in any other way, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution under the German Copyright Law. © Springer-Verlag Berlin . Heidelberg 2000 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover 1st edition 2000 The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, ete. in this publica tion does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher cannot guarantee the accuracy of any information about dosage and application contained in this book. In every individual case the user must check such information by consulting the relevant literature. Production: PRO EDIT GmbH, Heidelberg, Germany Cover design: design & production, Heidelberg, Germany Typesetting: K+V Fotosatz GmbH, Beerfelden, Germany Printed on acid-free paper SPIN 10725937 24/3135Di 5 4 3 2 1 0 Preface Osteoarthritis is one of the biggest challenges in orthopaedics today. Knee joint surgery has gone through a revolution dur ing the last two decades. In the 1980s arthroscopy found a wide-spread application, due to developments in technology, i.e. optical systems and miniaturized instruments. In the 1990s we experienced a significant improvement in knee endopro thetics with functionally optimized designs to avoid major stress and to support correct load distribution. Nevertheless, joint replacement means a surrender. It marks the limits of our capability to keep the joint itself in physiological function. Moreover, our possibilities for treating cartilage destruction by common arthroscopic techniques are limited to debridement and abrasion arthroplasty, which is controversial because of postoperative problems and fibrocartilage substitute tissue. For years arthroscopy has seemed to remain at a plateau. Big expectations had been placed on laser cartilage smooth ing, but laser treatment has not yielded convincing results in follow-ups over the last five years; new laser techniques are yet to be seen. On the other hand an increasing number of people are reaching old age, causing a higher percentage of our popula tion to suffer from osteoarthritis with typical symptoms such as swelling, reduced mobility and restricted fitness for every day life. Moreover, we are facing specific problems of osteoar thritis in young and middle-aged people due to cartilage de struction. Due to these different circumstances the authors felt that there was a need to present today's knowledge of the patho genesis and biomechanics of osteoarthritis, the different opera tive techniques for joint preservation and conservative treat ment. We are happy that we can present a collection of contri butions from leading experts working in the different fields for many years. As new techniques for cartilage restoration, such as autologous chondrocyte transplantation or bone cartilage VI Preface transposition are the focus of clinical and scientific analyses we also gave room to present these. We like to thank all the contributors for sharing their ex perience with us, giving us an overview of the different as pects of joint-preserving treatment. We are optimistic that this synopsis will enhance our understanding of present concepts, initiate further discussion, help us to assess our own points of view and hopefully to develop ideas for further improvement. For considerable financial support for this project we should like to thank the Ministry of Schools and Education, Sciences and Research of Nordrhein-Westfalen. Autumn 1999 JOACHIM GRIFKA DARRELL J. OGILVIE-HARRIS Contents Epidemiologic and Economic Aspects of Osteoarthrosis M. WILDNER and O. SANGHA .................... 1 Clinical Picture of Osteoarthrosis S. KLUG and G. WESELOH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Morphogenesis of Osteoarthrosis W. MOHR................................... 23 Movement-Induced Orientation: A Potential Mechanism of Cartilage Collagen Network Morphogenesis K. ITO and S. TEPIC ........................... 36 Pharmacological Basis for the Therapy of Osteoarthrosis J. STEINMEYER ............................... 54 Drug Treatment of Osteoarthritis: Clinical Aspects K. K. FORSTER ................................ 66 Histological Changes of Cartilage and Subchondral Bone in Varus Gonarthrosis: Comparison with Radiographic and Macroscopic Findings H. REICHEL and M. HEIN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 82 Arthroscopic Management of Degenerative Joint Disease D. J. OGILVIE-HARRIS, C.-H. CHOI ................ 93 Arthroscopic and Open Techniques for Transplantation of Osteochondral Autografts and Allografts in Different Joints A. IMHOFF, G. M. OETTL, P. SCHOTTLE, J. ANGESKIRCHER, and A. BURKART . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103 Tissue Engineering in Cartilage Repair: In Vitro and In Vivo Experiments on Cell-Seeded Collagen Matrices S. NEHRER and M. SPECTOR ..................... 111 VIII Contents Autologous Chondrocyte Grafting for the Treatment of Cartilage Defects M. BRITT BERG ................................. 121 Perichondrial Grafting for the Treatment of Hyalin Cartilage Defects: Experimental In Vitro and In Vivo Data J. BRUNS ...................................... 129 Cartilage Destruction of the Knee Due to Partial Meniscal Resection J. GRIFKA, T. KALTEIS and W. PLITZ 138 Meniscus Replacement and Osteoarthrosis D. LAZOVIC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 148 Evaluation of Arthroscopic Techniques and Osteotomies in Gonarthritis W. SCHULTZ ................................... 165 Gonarthrosis Treatment According to the "Knee School" Method - A Prospective Randomized Study E. BROLL-ZEITVOGEL, J. Tyws, A.M. MULLER, and J. GRIFKA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. 176 Knee School: Practical Management in Rehabilitation J. KIRMAIR .................................... 184 Psychologic Aspects of Training Therapy D. WINDEMUTH ................................ 196 Subject Index .................................. 211 Contributors JENS AGNESKIRCHER, MD Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Technical University of Munich Connollystrasse 32 80809 Munchen, Germany MATS BRITTBERG, MD, PhD, SOBE Cartilage Research Unit, Department of Orthopaedics Kungsbacka Hospital S-43440 Kungsbacka, Sweden ELIANE BROLL-ZEITVOGEL, MD Parkklinik Bad Rothenfelde, Parkstrasse 12-14 49214 Bad Rothenfelde, Germany JURGEN BRUNS, MD Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Hamburg Martinistrasse 52 20246 Hamburg, Germany ANDREAS BURKART, MD Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Technical University of Munich Connollystrasse 32 80809 Munchen, Germany CHONG-HYUK CHOI, MD Assistant Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery Yonsie University, College of Medicine Seoul, Korea KLAUS K. FORSTER, PhD Igelweg 3 51766 Engelskirchen, Germany X Contributors JOACHIM GRIFKA, MD Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Department of Orthopaedics, St. Josef-Hospital Ruhr-University Bochum, Gudrunstrasse 56 44791 Bochum, Germany MARKUS HEIN, MD Department of Orthopaedics, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Strasse 22 06097 Halle (Saale), Germany ANDREAS IMHOFF, MD Professor of Orthopaedic Surgery Director Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine Technical University of Munich, Connollystrasse 32 80809 Miinchen, Germany KEITA ITO, MD, ScD Group Head, Cartilage Biomechanics, AO ASIF Research Institute Clavadelerstrasse 7270 Davos Platz, Switzerland THOMAS KALTEIS, MD Department for Surgery, Klinikum Innenstadt Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Pettenkoferstrasse 8 80336 Miinchen, Germany JOHANN KIRMAIR, MD Vor den Eichen 1 32756 Detmold, Germany STEFAN KLUG, MD Department of Orthopaedic Rheumatology Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Niirnberg Waldkrankenhaus St. Marien, Rathsberger Strasse 57 91054 Erlangen, Germany DJORDJE LAZOVIC, MD Associate Professor, Orthopaedic Department Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Heimchenstrasse 1-7 30625 Hannover, Germany ARNDT-MATTHIAS MULLER, MD Department of Orthopaedics, Ruhr-University Bochum St. Josef-Hospital, Gudrunstrasse 56 44791 Bochum, Germany
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