OSIRIS and SOMBRERO Inertial Fusion Powerplant Designs Vol 2 PDF
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WJSA-92-01 DOE/ER/54100-1 OSIRIS and SOMBRERO Inertial Fusion Power Plant Designs Volume 2 Designs, Assessments, and Comparisons Final Report March 1992 GEMERN ATOMICS W J SA- 92-01 DOE/ER/54100- 1 OSIRIS and SOMBRERO Inertial Confinement Fusion Power Plant Designs Volume 2 Designs, Assessments, and Comparisons W. J. Scbafer Associates Wayne R. Meier, Robert L. Bieri, Michael J. Monsler, Charles D. Hendricks, Paul Laybourne, Keith R. Shillito Bechtel Sunil K. Ghose, Lenard M. Goldman, Kim D. Auclair, Chan Y. Pang General Atomics Robert F. Bourque, Larry D. Stewart, Edward E. Bowles, Edward L. Hubbard Textron Defense Systems Chas. W. von Rosenberg, Jr., Malcolm W. McGeoch University of Wisconsin Igor N. Sviatoslavsky, Robert R. Peterson, Mohamed E. Sawan, Hesham Y. Khater, * Layton J. Wittenberg, Gerry L. Kulcinski, Gregory A. Moses, ElSayed A. Mogahed, Joseph J. MacFarlane, Sean Rutledge Accelerator Consultants Stanley Humphries, Jr. TSI Research Edward T. Cheng March 1992 Disclaimer This report was prepared as an account of work sponsored by an agency of the United States Government. Neither the United States Government nor any agency thereof, nor any of their employees, make any warranty, expressed or implied, or assumes any legal liability or responsibility for the accuracy, completeness, or usefulness of any information, apparatus, product or process disclosed, or represents that its use would not infringe on privately owned rights. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process, or service by trade name, trademark, manufacturer, or otherwise, does not necessarily constitute or imply its endorsement, recommendation, or favoring by the United States Government or any agency thereof. The views and opinions of the authors expressed herein do not necessarily state or reflect those of the United States Government or any agency thereof. Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge the help in the form of briefings and discussions with individuals in the Inertial Confinement Fusion Programs at the Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and the Navy Research Laboratory, and individuals in the Heavy Ion Fusion Program at Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory. We also thank the members of the Oversight Committee for assembling the Study Guidelines and for providing feedback at our progress review meetings. We thank the secretaries at our institutions for their assistance in preparing this report with special thanks to Barbara Lane at W.J. Schafer Associates for editing the final report. Finally, we thank the Department of Energy, Office of Fusion Energy for supporting this study under contract No. DE-AC02-90ER54 100. CONTENTS VOLUME 1 .E XECUTIVE SUMMARY AND OVERVIEW EXECUTIVE SUMMARY OVERVIEW ................................................................................................... 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 ...................................................................................................... 1.1 BACKGROUND 1 ............................................................... 1.2 ORGANIZATION OF THE OVERVIEW 1 ............................................................. 2.0 OSIRIS HIB-DRIVEN POWER PLANT 3 ................................................. 2.1 SUMMARY OF OSIRIS PLANT PARAMETERS 3 .................................................................................. 2.2 OSIRIS CHAMBER DESIGN 3 .............................. 2.3 OSIRIS POWER CONVERSION AND PLANT FACILITIES 7 ............................................................................. 2.4 HEAVY-ION DRIVER DESIGN 8 ............................................. 3.0 SOMBRERO LASER-DRIVEN POWER PLANT 17 ........................................ 3.1 SUMMARY OF SOMBRERO PLANT PARAMETERS 17 ........................................................................ 3.2 SOMBRERO CHAMBER DESIGN 17 ..................... 3.3 SOMBRERO POWER CONVERSION AND PLANT FACILlTIES 20 ............................................................................................. 3.4 KrF DRIVER DESIGN 24 .............................................................................................. 4.0 TARGET SYSTEMS 32 ........................................................................................ 4.1 TARGET PRODUCTION 32 ........................................ 4.2 TARGET INJECTION. TRACKING. AND POINTING 39 .......................................................... 4.3 TARGET HEATING DURING INJECTION 43 ........................................ 5.0 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT 45 .................................................................................................... 5.1 INTRODUCTION 45 ...................................................................................... 5.2 SAFETY DESIGN GOALS 45 ................................................................................................................. 5.3 RESULTS 46 6.0 RELIABILITY. AVAILABILITY. & MAINTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT 48 .................................................................................................... 6.1 INTRODUCTION 48 ............................................................................ 6.2 AVAILABILITY ASSESSMENT 48 .................................................... 6.3 MAINTAINABILITY OF THE OSIFUS PLANT 50 ........................................... 6.4 MAINTAINABILITY OF THE SOMBRERO PLANT 52 i ........................................................................ 7.0 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENTS 54 .................................................................................................... 7.1 INTRODUCTION 54 ............................ 7.2 SUMMARY OF DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES FOR OSIRIS 54 ................... 7.3 SUMMARY OF DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES FOR SOMBRERO 56 ............................................................................................ 7.3 GENERIC IFE ISSUES 567 ................................................................................ 8.0 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT 58 .................................................................................................... 8.1 INTRODUCTION 58 ............................................................... 8.2 RESULTS FOR REFERENCE DESIGNS 58 ........ 8.3 RESULTS OF PARAMETRIC STUDIES FOR OSIRIS AND SOMBRERO 58 ....................................................................................................... 8.4 CONCLUSIONS 61 ............................. 9.0 COMPARISON OF OSIRIS AND SOMBRERO DESIGNS 62 .................................................................................................... 9.1 INTRODUCTION 62 .................................................................................................................. 9.2 DRIVERS 62 ................................................................................................................. 9.3 TARGETS 62 ............................................................................................. 9.4 CHAMBER DESIGNS 62 ....................................................................... 9.5 POWER CONVERSION SYSTEMS 64 ............................................................... 9.6 RESULTS OF ASSESSMENT STUDIES 64 ................................................ 10.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 65 .................................................................................................... 10.1 INTRODUCTION 65 ......................................................................................... 10.2 OSIRIS POWER PLANT 65 ................................................................................ 10.3 SOMBRERO POWER PLANT 68 ................................................................................................ 10.4 TARGET SYSTEMS 71 ............................................ 10.5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT 72 ........................... 10.6 RELIABILITY. AVAILABILITY. AND MAINTAMABILITY 72 ................................................................................. 10.7 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENTS 73 ........................................................................................................ 11.0 REFERENCES 74 ii I . .. .. /'.. 7 .7.-.F -A- . VOLUME 2, DESIGNS. ASSESSMENTS. AND COMPARISONS 1.0 INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 1.1 BACKGROUND 1-1 .................................................... 1.2 OBJECTIVES AND SCOPE OF THE STUDIES 1-1 .......................................................................................... 1.3 DESIGN PHILOSOPHY 1-1 ............................................................................................. 1.4. STUDY GUIDELINES 1-2 ..................................................................... 1.5 ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT 1-3 ........................................................................... 1.6 REmRENCES FOR. CHAPTER 1 1-4 2.0 OSIRIS HIB-DRWEN.POWER PLANT ............................................. 2.1 OVERVIEW OF OSIRIS -POWER PLANT DESIGN 2-1 ................................................... 2.2 OSIRIS CHAMBER DESIGN AND ANALYSIS 2-5 .............................. 2.3 OSIRIS POWER CONVERSION AND PLANT FACILITIES 2-52 ................................................. 2.4 HEAVY-ION DRIVER DESIGN AND SCALING 2-69 ........................................................................... 2.5. REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER 2 2- 136 3.0 SOMBRERO LASER-DRIVEN POWER PLANT .................................... 3.1 OVERVIEW OF SOMBRERO POWER PLANT DESIGN 3-1 .......................................... 3.2 SOMBRERO CHAMBER DESIGN AND ANALYSIS 3-6 ..................... 3.3 SOMBRERO POWER CONVERSION AND PLANT FACKlTIES 3-89 ............................................................................................................ 3.4 KrF DRIVER 3-107 ........................................................................... 3.5 REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER 3 3-146 4.0 TARGET SYSTEMS ........................................................................................ 4.1 TARGET PRODUCTION 4-1 ........................................ 4.2 TARGET INJECTION.T RACKING. AND POINTING 4.24 .......................................................... 4.3 TARGET HEATING DURING INXCTION 4-39 ........................................................................... 4.4 REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER 4 4-52 5.0 ENVIR0NMENTAI.i AND SAEE'Iry.ASSES8MENT- .................................................................................................... 5.1 INTRODUCTION 5-1 ...................................................................................... 5.2 SAFETY DESIGN GOALS 5-1 ............................................................................ 5.3 OFF-SITED OSE DEFI"I0NS 5-2 ........................................................................ 5.4 CALCULATIONAL PROCEDURE 5-3 ........................................................................ 5.5 SOMBRERO SAR3TY ANALYSIS 5-4 ................................................................................. 5.6 OSIRIS SAFETY ANALYSIS 5-19 .......................................................................... 5.7 TARGET FACTORY ANALYSIS 5-32 .................................................................... 5.8 FUEL REPROCESSING FACILITIES 5-33 ..................................................................... 5.9 NUCLEAR GRADE COMPONENTS 5-33 .................................................... 5.10 COMPARISON OF SOMBRERO AND OSIRIS 5-35 ........................................................................... 5.11 REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER 5 5-36 6.0 RELIABILITY. AVAILABILITY. AND MAINTAINABILITY ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................... 6.1 INTRODUCTION 6-1 ............................................................................ 6.2 AVAILABILITY ASSESSMENT 6-1 ................................................... 6.3 MAINTAINABILITY OF THE OSIRIS PLANT 6-5 ........................................... 6.4 MAINTAINABILITY OF THE SOMBRERO PLANT 6-9 . 6.5 REMOTE HANDLING CAPABILITY & UTILIZATION CONSIDERATIONS 6-10 ........................................................................... 6.6 REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER 6 6-14 7.0 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENTS .................................................................... 7.1 APPROACH AND METHODOLOGY 7-1 .................................................. 7.2 OSIRIS ISSUES AND DEVELOPMENT NEEDS 7-2 .................................... 7.3 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT RATINGS FOR OSIRIS 7-9 ............................ 7.4 SUMMARY OF DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES FOR OSIRIS 7-19 ........................................ 7.5 SOMBRERO ISSUES AND DEVELOPMENT NEEDS 7-21 ........................... 7.6 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT RATINGS FOR SOMBRERO 7-28 ................... 7.7 SUMMARY OF DEVELOPMENT PRIORITIES FOR SOMBRERO 7-37 ............................................................................................ 7.8 GENERIC IFE ISSUES 7-39 ................. 7.9 TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT RATINGS FOR GENERIC ISSUES 7-43 .............................................................................................................. 7.10 SUMMARY 7-46 ........................................................................... 7.11 REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER 7 7-46 8.0 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT .................................................................................................... 8.1 INTRODUCTION 8-1 ........................................................................................ 8.2 COST OF ELECTRICITY 8-2 ..................................... 8.3 CALCULATING PLANT OPERATING PARAMETERS 8.4 ............................................................................ 8.4 COST MODELING FOR OSIRIS 8. 12 .................................................................. 8.5 COST MODELING FOR SOMBRERO 8-25 .................................................... 8.6 COMPARISON OF OSIRIS AND SOMBRERO 8-42 .............................................................................................................. 8.7 SUMMARY 8-44 ........................................................................... 8.8 REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER 8 8-45 iv 9.0 COMPARISON OF OSIRIS AND SOMBRERO DESIGNS .................................................................................................... 9.1 INTRODUCTION 9. 1 ............................................................... 9.2 CHAMBER AND VACUUM SYSTEMS 9-1 ....................................................................... 9.3 POWER CONVERSION SYSTEMS 9-5 .................................................................. 9.4 BUILDING VOLUME COMPARISON 9-6 ................................................................................................. 9.5 DRIVER SYSTEMS 9-7 ................................................................................................ 9.6 TARGET SYSTEMS 9-8 ......................................... 9.7 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE COMPARISON 9-9 .......................................... 9.8 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY COMPARISON 9-10 .................................................................................. 9.9 ECONOMIC COMPARISON 9-11 ........................................................................... 9.10 REFERENCES FOR CHAPTER 9 9-12 10.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS .................................................................................................... 10.1 INTRODUCTION 10-1 ......................................................................................... 10.2 OSIRIS POWER PLANT 10-1 ................................................................................ 10.3 SOMBRERO POWER PLANT 10-4 ................................................................................................ 10.4 TARGET SYSTEMS 10-7 ............................................ 10.5 ENVIRONMENTAL AND SAFETY ASSESSMENT 10-8 ........................... 10.6 RELIABILKY. AVAILABILITY. AND MAINTAINABILITY 10-9 ................................................................................... 10.7 ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT 10-9 APPENDICES A STUDY GUIDELINES B REACTOR CONCEPT SELECTION PROCESS C THE ONION IFE REACTOR CONCEPT D THE LIFE JFE REACTOR CONCEPT E REMOTE MAINTENANCE EQUIPMENT CONFIGURATION CONCEPTS F ADDITIONAL COMPARISONS OF OSIRIS AND SOMBRERO V
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