Origins of Stalinism: From Leninist Revolution to Stalinist Society PDF
Preview Origins of Stalinism: From Leninist Revolution to Stalinist Society
THE ORIGINS OF STALINISM Page Intentionally Left Blank Pavel Campeanu The origins of FROM LENINIST REVOLUTION TO STALINIST SOCIETY Translated by Michel Vale I ~ ~~o~~~;n~~:up LONDON AND NEW YORK First published 1986 by M.E. Sharpe Published 2015 by Routledge 2 Park Square, Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon OX14 4RN 711 Third Avenue, New York, NY 10017, USA Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group, an informa business Copyright © 1986 Taylor & Francis. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. Notices No responsibility is assumed by the publisher for any injury and/or damage to persons or property as a matter of products liability, negligence or otherwise, or from any use of operation of any methods, products, instructions or ideas contained in the material herein. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein. In using such information or methods they should be mindful of their own safety and the safety of others, including parties for whom they have a professional responsibility. Product or corporate names may be trademarks or registered trademarks, and are used only for identification and explanation without intent to infringe. Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Campeanu, Pavel. The origins of Stalinism. "Published simultaneously as International journal of sociology, vol. XV, no 3-4"-Verso of Lp. 1. Communism-Soviet Union-History-20th century. 2. Stalin, Joseph, 1879-1953. I. Title. HX313.C26 1985 335.43'0947 85-18410 ISBN 0-87332-363-7 ISBN 13: 9780873323635 (hbk) In memory of my close friend, Jerry Kline Page Intentionally Left Blank CONTENTS Author's Note ix Introduction 3 Univocal necessity 6 Antinomic necessity 8 The relationship between possibility and necessity 16 I. Methodological Questions 21 II. The Antifeudal Character of the Revolution 29 Hypotheses 29 Definition 30 Implications of this definition 30 Russian feudalism 31 The feudal nobility and the autocracy 32 The feudal nobility and the bourgeoisie 33 The peasant movement and the proletariat 35 The peasant movement and the Bolshevik Party 35 The anti feudal movement of the peasantry 36 Connections between the antifeudal and the antibourgeois characters of the revolution 38 Other connections 39 The antifeudal movement and the October insurrection 40 The land 42 Incomplete real ization 45 The alliance with the peasantry 47 From anti feudal revolution to the emergence of Stalinism 49 III. The Antibourgeois Character of the Revolution 53 Hypotheses 53 Similarities 55 Definition 55 Predominance 58 The structure of the conflict 60 The bourgeoisie: economic positions 63 The bourgeoisie: political positions 64 The socialist parties and the Provisional Government 65 The Provisional Government 69 The soviets 72 Dual power 79 The army 80 The proletariat 83 The Bolshevik party 95 The seizure of power 114 Power 119 Anticipation 122 Incomplete realization 127 The possibility of Stalinism 130 IV. The Anti-imperialist Character of the Revolution 141 Hypotheses 141 Definition 143 Russia's dual articulation with the imperialist system 145 The war 149 Connections 151 The revolutionary forces 153 Realization 163 From isolation to internationalization 175 About the Author 187 AUTHOR'S NOTE A few years ago I sent some American academic colleagues a thesis I was working on. I hoped to obtain their critical comments. To my surprise, they arranged, in my absence, to have it published as The Syncretic Society (M. E. Sharpe, 1980). At the time they were arranging for publication, they were cautious in trying to correctly determine my official position in Romania as well as my past affiliations and relationships. Additionally, the same caution led them to choose a pseudonym instead of identifying me by name as the author of The Syncretic Society. The present volume offers me the opportunity to express to them my sincere thanks and gratitude. Their positive reaction to my theoretical formulations surprised and pleased me. The information about the author that appears in the present volume was, like the text, given to the publisher by me and I take full responsibility for its accuracy. PAVEL CAMPEANU ix
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