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Origine des langues africaines PDF

37 Pages·2014·4.66 MB·French
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December 7th 2014 Jean-Claude MBOLI Linguist Senior System Design & Verification Engineer Freescale Semiconductor, Toulouse Author of : Origine des langues africaines : Essai d’application de la méthode comparative aux langues africaines anciennes et modernes, Éditions L’Harmattan, Paris, 2011, 630 p. Comparative Method Method of reconstruction of the common ancestor of two languages: the comparative method  (Quasi-)mathematic method  Based on the systematic comparison of the assumed daughter languages  Regularity of sound changes between the compared languages  Successfully used to:  Prove the genetic relatedness of almost all European languages  Decipher unknown languages (Mycenaean, Hittite) 12/07/2014 © Jean-Claude MBOLI 3 Presentation of the Comparative Method 12/07/2014 © Jean-Claude MBOLI 4 Comparative Method Languages change over time Old French (1192, canon Evrat) Tuit li languages sunt et divers et estrange Fors que li languages franchois: C'est cil que deus entent anchois, K'il le fist et bel et legier, Sel puet l'en croistre et abregier Mielz que toz les altres languages. 12/07/2014 © Jean-Claude MBOLI 5 Comparative Method Languages change over time Old French (1192, canon Evrat) Modern French (2013) Tuit li languages sunt et divers et Toutes les langues sont estrange différentes et étrangères Fors que li languages franchois: si ce n'est la langue française; C'est cil que deus entent anchois, c'est celle que Dieu perçoit le K'il le fist et bel et legier, mieux, Sel puet l'en croistre et abregier car il l'a faite belle et légère, Mielz que toz les altres si bien que l'on peut l'amplifier languages. ou l'abréger mieux que toutes les autres. 12/07/2014 © Jean-Claude MBOLI 6 Comparative Method Languages change over time (cont’ed) Old French (1192, canon Evrat) Equations of evolution : Tuit li languages sunt et divers et 1) -s > ø (s in final position estrange vanishes) Fors que li languages franchois: 2) -t > ø (t in final position C'est cil que deus entent anchois, vanishes) K'il le fist et bel et legier, 3) st > t (s just before t vanishes) Sel puet l'en croistre et abregier 4) Vowel+l > Vu (l just after a Mielz que toz les altres languages. vowel changes to u) 12/07/2014 © Jean-Claude MBOLI 7 Méthode comparative Languages change over space France French Belgium French Le maire a soixante-dix ans Le bourgmestre a septante ans Old French Modern French Belgium French France French 12/07/2014 © Jean-Claude MBOLI 8 Comparative Method French and English have the same ancestor: demonstration English French (Latin) English French (Latin) father père (pater) mother mère (mater) foot pied (ped-) hill colline (collis) wolf loup (lupus) salt sel (sal) tooth dent (dent-) sister sœur (soror) two deux (duo) seven sept (septem) three trois (tres) brother frère (frater) horn corne (cornus) blossom fleur (flos) heart cœur (cord-) young jeune (juvenis) night nuit (noct-) yoke joug (jugum) worm ver (vermis) mind mental (ment-) will vouloir (vell) nose nez (nasus) 12/07/2014 © Jean-Claude MBOLI 9 Comparative Method French and English have the same ancestor: demonstration Sound laws English French English French (latin) English French (latin) (latin) father père (pater) mother mère (mater) 1 f p (p) foot pied (ped-) hill colline (collis) 2 th t (t) wolf loup (lupus) salt sel (sal) 3 s s (s) tooth dent (dent-) sister sœur (soror) 4 t d (d) two deux (duo) seven sept (septem) 5 h c (c) three trois (tres) brother frère (frater) 6 l l (l) horn corne (cornus) blossom fleur (flos) 7 r r (r) heart cœur (cord-) young jeune (juvenis) 8 m m(m) night nuit (noct-) yoke joug (jugum) 9 n n (n) worm ver (vermis) mind mental (ment-) 10 w v (v) will vouloir (vell) nose nez (nasus) 11 y j (j) 12/07/2014 © Jean-Claude MBOLI 10

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Senior System Design & Verification Engineer. Freescale Equations of evolution : 1) -s > ø (s in final young jeune (juvenis) yoke joug (jugum) mind mental (ment-) nose nez (nasus) .. *'a-par « earth » (Akkadian eper, Arabic 'afr).
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