Oriente e Occidente

194 Pages·2005·3.06 MB·Italian

by  René Guénon

Titoolroi ginale
OrieentOt c cident
Ediziotnrea doetc tuar adtaa
PietNruot rizio
© 192L4e sÉ ditiVoéngsa /MLaai sn-iPearis
ISBN2 -85829-013-10
© 20O0r5i enPtraeis ss. r-.Mli.l ano
ISBN8 8-7435-102-X

Premessa
RudyKairpdl sicrniugs ngs ieo qrnuoe ste« EpaaisrEsta o ­le:
sta nWde stiW se satn,d nevtewra sihtnah mele leL t',O rièe nte
l'Oerneitl eO' ccideèln O'tceci deen tie ,d su'ei tnmrcaaeonirn­
noV»e.rè co h nee,sl e gudiettleo se tgoml,oi d ifliasc uaaa ff er­
maziaomnmete,et ncdho«e la d iffesrceoanmrzqpeau ando due
uomifnoisrt itr io vai nfoaa cf caicdacio ape,os sveernedu atlil e
estrdeemllitate àrr ianr» e;a alntcàqh uee psrteaci sanzoèin o ne
detlu tstooda dciesnpftereèc,b h eépn o cpora obbliec hceo dsiì­
cenedgoal bib piean saadut no«a f ordzioa r»dsp iinriet uCaol­e.
munqsuilea'b ,ai tuèdd ciiin teia sarotela mieplnr tievme or csoo­,
mes teu tcticoòhr ei nmaen eple nsdiele/ertoft ooslrs'eei d deela­
lad iffeirnesnozraml oecn hteeas ebssioip mrei;n dubbiamente
qute'sirdaepaep nrtle'sao ipoidnnleel maa ggpiaorrdt eegE lui­
ropee iss,ei ni tnee s asfaf itourtlaatsr ate i dzezclao nsqtuaitore
costardae mtmettot cehcreoe l cohrcreoe ddeai v veirn est oot to­
mespsoor tiansn qéou alscuco useiag n loipn u aòv eprr esa. Ma,
quuanlqsuieiasl e nticmhehenad t aoto or ieg uiann taa olpei ­
nioqnuece,hl ce ii n terestsua tèsti aonp nseaeerns ezs iaf osni­a
datoai n,q uamlies luorè. Ca e rmteanstseec i,o dnesalri os tato
atatludee llceo ssteir, o vmaotnlepol iincdici hzseie mabnrgoi u­
stifiec atrulats;ten a olavi cia o dnividecsopsmltieammoe snet e,
pensacshsneise msoau vnv imciennaèt op osnsémi abliios la er à,
noanv remimnaotp rraes scriov eqruee lsitbor o.
Forpsideùi c hiuanlqtunroeaoi b bicaomsoci deitn uzatl ta a
distacnhszeea p aran etl d'a'OlOrlicecied,se oanpttrtutto
da'lOlccimdoednetdrneeor l;e sntelolan, o sItnrtar odugzei-one
7
Premessa
neraallselt o uddieold loet tirnidnaùeb, b ipaamrot iecnotlea rm
insissutldiliftefo e raet napzlue nc,th oqe u alhcaup nootp uetno­
saaru en cae retsaaa gzeirSoinaetm.uo t taviad nipo eanrv seura si
detntulolac hneo snia r igomreonsetasea ntletloso;t etsesmop o
abbipaemrporò e isnco o nsidenrelalacz ocinlounsedi,eno lon ­e
stsrtou ldceio on,d idziui nro ianviciv niameinnettlol etitlu ale,
quapluesr,ve e romseinmatibealb stalnoznatc aainp op,a criiòv a
nonosptoasnstieab lliolcrepiao.r nuSne cicaomnolmt feora alss­e
similatzeinodtnaaci te eOr ctic itdaeèlp nir,o ppreiroec shsséoe ­
nou ndoe pir ipnacolisit acchsoeoil pp io ngaoq nuoe rsiatvov ici­
nameqnutaon;sd pioa rdat uen cao nceezriroonsneoe vaei,n te
ristusilo tnoaop paolfsi tcnihe ce si ei r par opRoifisuttoa.nd dio si
vedlecer oecs oem seo ndoir iec oncoesrdctieeffr eer aetantlzu­e
menitrierd uc�ci sibci io lndaann oncnao mprennudldelerale la
menittaoàlr ienei tnta amlleo ,dn oo snfi ac haeg graepv aerre­
peteu maiar linmtetenrsaeilc,, o t nrabriisoo,g nperriedmbiab e
tutcteor dcdiai rses Fiiptnaarnclthigoe.lO ic cidiemnmtaagliin e­
rnancoh ees iusnst oatl iodp iuo m atnàein ocnsi ia c huen sao la
«ci»va,id l itvàgerrasddisii v u iplpnose,s uinnats easmraaà pi o s­
sibLiavl eer.èi c thàee s ismtotolepnloci icvi,il lqetu àaslsiio no
svpiplauitdnei remzoilodtnioif feecr helena t icid,ve illlt'àO cci­
denmtoed eprnroe sceaanrtttate adrlaifi a drie susna' eccezione
piutstionsgtoola re.
Nonsd io vrmeabpiba ear rldesi u pieorroid tiià ni foerriint à,
senassos osleunptzroae, c dai sqaurael ed pviui nsstctiooa n side­
rnaol ceo cshese ii n tencdoonnfaorr oaenm;tm ecshseeof fettiva­
menetsess iaenc oo mparNaobnei sliuisn.tca ie v siulpiteoàarr le­
lael tsroet to aptseuttectt iiisò, iap g elrinc ohènép ossailbli'lueo ­
mos vilulapp praorpaertt iai viitnmà o duog ueac loenm tpeora­
neameinnt tuetl tede i rezsiipoaen riec,sh iés stvoipnlicou h psei
dimosvterraanmoie nnctoem lpiÈa. pt eirlbòei cpietnoesc ahre
uncae rta gdeerbeabsrasc ehpriaee t terca ihtlseace , o dsice a rat­
teirtnee lletetsueamlvpeagi,lano op,p i edùrqi ueldloiedr imnae­
tersicea olèes,u;ì n cai vcihlsetdi ài moisntforerinre ei rigi uardi
delplreiq muea,n pdusoria i nctoenstabsiulpmeeedr naistloee r­
conpduon dtivo i ssttiar ,o vseermàpa rdee s ssevrtaean ggiata
8
Premessa
nelle'mieqn,us ailusnaiqnluoaee p pareesnitzoeeèrrq i u:e islt o
cadseol clai voiclctiàd qeunatnsadialmo ee as scao nfrcoolnnet o
civoirliteàSn atpaaplmiipo.e rfetcthaqemu eenmstotedod o iv e­
derien faslatg irdaminas gcgei odreagOnlczica i decnotnatlria,­
rioc o'maè t uitl toir o pregaip uadroitgzenqi iu;t e ismodani,e
supieorreistssàai,r aanlnmoed nsiop oasdat mim teetcrhele ce o­
seac uait triblu'iismcpoonproitg ùar naznnado enn e cessaria­
menitnet enrote usgtsltuaiio minneils lat emsissaauc, rh cee rtu­
nip ossaonnccoho en sidceormcaeor mlpel ettarmaesbnciteuler i a,
chsepi udòa prr odv'ati lenilgeinnaz latm roiid oclhtcero e­
struenmdaohc icdneSelae.lrb ebg eiàq ualscgeol sEiau r oapre­i
risvsaeacr aop qiureees s tcioo mtpaosrdsice oron segluleeo n­za;
ror elazcioognnla iil tproipn oerls iiu lteruenpb obcmeoori dof i­
cateie nm, o dgor aenmdenvtanet agpgetiruoi ts.to
Quesèpt eors òo ltla'snapteopti teùose rtidoerlqelu aei sotne:
sgel Oic cidreinnctooaslcoiec shnseoe tnru tnteola,ll etc ritevà i,l
èn ecessadar diaimpsreenztpzeea lrr' eu rnaigciaco henese ss oe­
nod iffedarlelapn rtoipn ruialp,lai i ùm pieerdbbleor sot iaud­id
re qcuievsnitelmelto àdg oi ussetnoizp,laa rptrietcsoio do,idè e,­
nigreas relnoezs,lat i pitràe conceatu tnaso;td uidgoir aqzuiee­
stgoe ntearnleidu ie snsoitn a rbdbeerfreoora sdae c cordgie rsi
tutqtuoce hlme a nacl ao srtoe ssospir,ad taut nup tutndoti o vi­
stpaua rmenitnteee tlteluP.ar lesuppnoanrtiauaelmmncoth ece o ­
stosraeorb bose triantg ria ddipo e rvenailrmeei,nnu o n cae rta
misaua,rl clao mepnrsivoenrdeae lslpoid reildtlioev ecrisvei ltà,
ciòc hrei chbieeandl etc rhoe lavsoerim pedlriiu cdei izni­one;
dubbianmoetnnu tsteot nio a t aactlotemi premnass iqeou nael,­
cunloof oscsoemp,ea rneo nosttuatpntrtooe b acibòpi olter,e bbe
essseurfef ipceciroe nndtpuerrr eeos t taora rd iis uilnteasttii ma­
biGliiaà.b bifaamtaotl soliu oanlfelau nzcihopeno et raevbeb­e
reu n'éilnitetetelt lusaeel sgesi agu ensasc eo stintemuloi nrdsoi
occidneenqltu aaallgeeib, rb aeem oddoi« fermpeenprtr oe»p a­
raerd ei ringeseler neps ifoùa voruenvtaaor slfeo rmamzeino­ne
taclheue n giolo 'rnaosl vito rgool, i nado i,v eàni tneervitabile.
Alcudnerile, s ctoom,i nacs iaennopt iioùrm ee ncoo nfusamente
chlece o nsoepn o ssono icnodnetafiminenunaiatdatre ne dae nr el
9
Premessa
senisnco uv ia nen oa,d dirpairtlatdruuier n« a fl aialm ednetlo­»
la civoiclcttiàad cleoenm deiu npao ssicboicslhaise to pàlo,oc hi
annfian sesuanvor eobsbafeta ors ee;n nolnvece hrcéea ucshee
possono qpureofsvatoloecl naistrmeoem a bnaronc osrfau lgog­ir
ro girnap na rPtoei.qc uheécs atuseso epn roe acmiesnnteells,ot es­
sto emqpuole,cel hiem pediosgicnnoitn teorls a'a O nrteiele ' cO­
cidednatllelo,acr oon oass cpieo nttzrràau rrnde o pbpeienof icio:
lvaoraap rree paqruaeirsnett ase asaranà c he spfeeorvr iztaar­si
rel cea tafdsiat c ruloi'c Ocideènm tien acpciaetcroo l pprao pria;
id ufei snoinm oo lptiosù t rmeetntctaoel tldieiq g uaansptioo ­
trecrbebdee re.
Dencuinagrleeirr oerl iie l sliuooncic iadlceion,mat eb biamo
nuovamienntteend zfiia oirnpneer imo luèdo ugnoqaf,u­ en on
fatutn'oo pdeicrr ai vtainecpa au ramneengtaelt reia vgnaidi;oi
queastttai tsuodnbioeann le t erniptmrio fonnénd omeie, t tiamo
inci òa lciunntae n«zsiiarot»inc,ceh a dee rle ssatido rd beibaes ­
sapio acnloo sctarroa stqetu earlehc;acu rneod duvite odq eurael ­
codsias imnielnleo sattrgtoiae gmensètis o i ngeolanrstmbea ­
glaitDoa.p arntoes ptrreaf,me mrodi girr ean nlounn gbaaiv ­er
sogdnido e diacq aureclsivat oorp oi utitnogsrteapo to ota,ec r­ei
conatredenie t sporre sceenrmztaaedi o vveeprrricetioà c cupare
delle interplrqeeu tanalozfinia oncnnhicoe o pfmlailecsi aemr,­e
broglleiq aurees steianon zneis csousnt sreutntnooè;ni cnhdéi ­
spenlsteae bncieorna tnocd hqieu ecsottnien zgege,in acscneho én,
conmciiaosc soinms blaor aizclza amrtpeuo ,tq tuoce hlae b ab­i
mod ad irrsiec hiedrire ibmbaein necroem Dp'raelsptoar.ra t e,
ancqhuea nsdebomr cih ciel iimtiaame oli miene arrroor ira i ­
sponaddeo rbeeiz iopnois,ss ieammpotr reo vla'raoesc icdoin e
esporreh acnounsn'oe i mcphoerr teaaenlnzmptaoe s imtoi­va;
strpaerrec htée anctteidrvriatii vi v niacmiefnrOtaro i eeOn tce­
cidesnotnfeoa l nloièntg iif,ào rasdee s,e mfpaiiron ,t ravedere
pecro ntlrceao sntdoi azc iuuoinn saii i mliem prseasraei bnbvee ­
cseu scledetis tcu icbeiSspseomr?oip aercchileòne o sitnrtzeei no­
nino n fsaiarinnote se neso ecn;e rchdiaidm ios silmdeui lafrfei ­
colegt làoi s tascaeocl l oian,rt iirnos isstudia iem socs iièdò, o vu­
toa lf atcthpoee pro tlaiep rpiaesn uaparerebre i sopgrnidam ia
10
Premessa
tutctoonc oesrNloipn.o a smssoio ffesrucmo anrsacizidi teorrnoip ­
pos ecaornindeéd, o mandciaòcr hcpeii acoen roàpn ia cear à
ogunnlo';ga ormecnhtafeof rontèbi eaanml omt ernisteira ino­,
chaev olceornstiee qnaue lecrilh peo asmscoiha imairs eua osip et­
teis itoevrraial,d e i arq eu anntosonri i fceaerl ils'odre'dliilnn­e
tetltliuetapàlu ra.
Ine ffetntozin�n tianemonofid a qru uin' esposdoitztiroin­e
nalece i,cò h dei mroes aàir ng enaelarec cesasu inpb uibbllei co
pivùa sdtiqo u lelcoh leev eduetsep rneelslans oeas I tnrtrodu­
ziogneen earlaslltoeu ddieoldl oet tirnidnhùea npnoot ruatgo­
giunNgeerpepq.uu re'eso tpteurtat,ea rvsait aas,tcr aip tetprao ­
ch«is pialeticiss»e; quèas ltcaiutnqno uo e ssetnots roai tnit no­
gannos utdoia tlèop leor,qc uheéas grtoim ies notnaob imteuna­l
tle'p apagngnidaioe rucdhiletsi it i uadinnmo o dpoi utotsotsit­o
coea ,ni o sotcrcpihr iid,vvi oe irnot eIrn elos ssatetr.to e ggiamento
èb ednie vrspoen:ro s itia r tetsas emnezniantloedn,ie ruodniez,i
mad ic omprecnhsèeit oomnteaenl,dt ieevr snooè;nc erftrgoal i
«specciahlseihi sa tniln»meo a ggiori dp'rcioonbnatlbreia lriet à
posislidibiut nàc ao mpreensstieepo srnaoe f oanlcd oan,t rea rio;
salrvrasois iemcec eznioèons n udi il, o crhoce 'd èac ontpaerre
formqaureéeltl leii ntellectuatibu bailaema otd Èoip p. ra orbla­
'
biclhete a laubnbiig ainiuoctd auon m alinelo sattrtoaa l'clecrou ­
dziioonp ei,u tatsiou saotbiou e as siiu poeir ipcuosrcle sii i, a mo
asteancuctauimr eantdat teu tqtuoce hlae v repbobtepu rteos en­
traeic aartitd eiur npao lemsieocnnanc;uh néda,e lrglaieo pneir
le quali abbqiaumeoas tttoca oècnp cdrooea,tcm tieosnc thee
l'eroundceio,zin si umoeiot dsip aelchiial, ' eetfdtfido i stogliere
dad etermcionpsareto epc roiloco hrseoae rbboep ircùa paci di
compreMnodleitrnilfi eva,.et dtoec nhdseti r adtidt oat eti rnidnù
ep ensosa unbdaiilatv oo driqi u alocrhiee ntiamlmiasgtian,a no
ch«en oèpn a npeei rl odreon tori,fa» r;ca o stvoisr oonc oe rta­
mendteegi lnid iivc ihhdeau nintloo rpticoùo pmleatp oe nsare
inq uemsotdoeo a ,qi u afloirn soean c coerrbeborme orlstfio rzi
pearc qsuiciroen oscchgeelns izt eeo srsiie nntoahnla inesnn tooi n
avarnnmoa iu:nc ao èsl a' eirzuiduon'nael,it slra ap reeraeel e,
ancshene o sne pmried useo nion comlpina,ot niaf bfèia vtetroo
11
Premessa
cheess siainn oes cseaamreinstolei Idnadluib.b isalem' eenrtued i­
zioancecs oensnstaeci onetrensneicl o mpaiutlsoii acrhideoe ve
normalcmoemnpteet etrr/oeevm,em rnonula ol nra i ddailrm eo,­
mencthoce o cnis òt ecsessos edriee sbspbeeierrc eo leao nszpaio,,­
treabvbeeqr uea lucthieel tnirtqoàu ;ec sotnirf oiicnnois ceremmo
molvtool enistlui voea rliro earltei Cviso o.nc oai snci u ii«l m e­
todsot orèil ceog»i telt 'iemrcoro,on rcteurc iosi i admioc ahtiia r
conssiosnltttneoae cr le decrheees ssiaoa pp licaat buiteltn eoe ,l
volterrad rar eeq susalocc ohseda i evdrdisa oc icòhp eu eòf fetti­
vamednatrpeee ;n siadmiao v edri mosatlrtaert1soo,ev nczoan
cieòs smeerscmsiii n imaimnce onntter oandcedo ninozs iit essi, di
essceparaedc iaipp liqcauremese ttood aolt ttraebnetnoe quanto
chiuanlqtuqreuo a,nn deso ii acl a seco i,dò or vebebsess eurfef i­
cieanp treo vcahrneeo a nb binaemso«s paurnt pirteocs oono»t r
die ssOog.n i qudeesvetesi sotenrreae ts teagtuoae mnietdlo do
chceo nvaileslnuaena a tau;èu r nb esnt rfaennoo mqeuneos to,
dic uli' Oecncctidideà a bituaslepmtetnadtc'eou lcnooa,n fusio­
ned iod rini edd iidv iefrfseir enti doocmcìosnrair­.e Insomma,
pemret teorgecn oias slau poo setn oon,io anb biammaodi e tto
niednit eed rissvoe;n nosnecghuoéqe ,un edlsitnace siaai ,c corge
pefro rczhvaeis ocnooc shepe o sseosnssoeo rlets aenctaoorne id e
subdoirnnaetcieo nfdriao lnttnrioe n,o sltema annt«ieue ag lui­
tarisdtici ecnrhotesic»t o rnipt oermaènp eeqiru; e cshtleo' erudi­
zioannec,qh uea onp dresentvia lqonuroapenlu, ceò hs esp eerre
nocih uen meemz azuion , fsisent ee sisna .
Quessipteeg aczsiio opnnaoir nseec espsedarvir esirerea gio­
nip:r imtau tdttieo n,ia ad miqroue ce hlpe e nsniaemmloo dpoi ù
netptoos stiabgilliceao,nr cdtoooong mnail inatnecnsheocel,a ­
scoh qeu essotrnogo an osltneqo tnsrptere e caucziciòhèo pe nr ie,s ­
socihnée viPtuarrbci iolneo.s cgeennadeloermsnlita ce h iarezza
denio sstcrriict sito in,o state tdaellivlnoetl etnaz iaotntir ibuite
chneo anb bimaamaiov uatvor;e qmuloio' ccoandseidi i ssipare
acluenqiu ievd opicr ie cciesprautrniest uqiiu anloicne i r avamo
'L eT héopshoismhei,s todi'ruenp es eudo-giroenl.i
12
Preemssa
forssucefi fteienmesnipteegI anst eic.o lnudoolag d oi:v edres­ità
glair mgeoncthiter attniaenmio oss ttriuni do cno mopmreatft­e
falt'tuodn eilctloàan ocnecezhv iepi r estieendieaa;nm ziopin a, r ­
ticoallalfr'eeafr,m aezpsiroendseiqs uae usnttiaàc ,hp eo trebbe
passianroes saec rvoaltcoahrv eoe dolneo t coropospi ens uperfi­
cilen .o strsio tnsaotl umdleien ggtaleuti ni i aalgctlhrpieiem ro l­
tide piu ncthite o cecrheqmuo,ai vremdmoov uatifo i,dn ii
un'peossipziicùoo nmlepe rtiam,a nid/laerteta loilrneed iocnaiz i
comlpemencthsaetir r io vanaol ntnoresigt lriiq uselcrs'itatobt ­i;
biamfoa tstool tqaunatonco dèi p arsstor ettianmpdeeinnstsea ­
bipleetr;u gtltaiil tcsraiici,a cocntentdeiqr ueemasovt voe rti­
mendtaout onv ao lptetaru teit nme o dgoe nearlfa ildneine, o n
imptouarnrie/l etctoornri eif meertnrtooinp pumerSoesmipi.rn e
qute'sdoiernd ii dedeo,b biaanmcoof ranarot arceh ea,nh ce
quaonn dogni udicchhsieiia acml ao ds dioa rael plr'ieessodsneel
nospternos uinefaro or pmrpaoir amednottet rciinnòoa inlm e­,
pedicshcceiie s i priacmoos tteamneanltdloeet etd rici uanib bia­
moc omplarv eesroèi l tsoàt d:uid oe ldloete to rriinentchaia l i che
permesso idd iif desetcltolir'e gOnecetrlc eefai a dldsiui ngt ràa n
nuemrdoe lildece hehe a ncnoor smoo nnomde old ernèi onq; u e­
stdeo tete,rs ionltiann tceohsa esb eb,i tarmoov caotmgoei,c àè i
occodrdis ior e adletlcrlooedsv icee u l,i' Ocnctnieod cnehi a m ai
offeirmlti oin meoq uivalente.
Inq uest'coopmdeeerr lea sn,te ol len oaslnttorrnee , a bbiamo
asustoalmlaep nrteetd eies sraai utruet te le sqaureesmtoi oni che
condaodet staim ipneanrseic;ah nmeoo cn pi o svseanr iirrm po­
verdaint oosn cr ivteurtietnu o ns olliob cricoòh, de ',a platrr­a
tes,a reabsbsteoa lmueinpmtoes lseQi.ub eiclh ea coccnit teenre­
mod ii ndiqcualiro,e potrrepimrode enefrso eipr esgpeai rcùeo m­
pletaamlevtnerts,oeel eci rocstacnelz ope e rmettseecr iaòn no;
nosnai v verqeurceàhl,e a vnree dmeotp toota rlàm esnueogr gi­
rea da ldterlirl iefli eoscnshise u ppnlniiornm,a o odu tlsiisipmeor
loraogs,liv il uicp hpneo anv renmosoit epsostifu otrnoi Vriseo .­
noc ocsheae v olèit net erneosatsriaenn ectnietd alamnecnshteee
nocnsi pi u sòo /fesrudm iea sresen e o,ni o pne nsciahmseoiam e­
glpiaos /seia nratmeernstoets etinolz cioon;eo nsdpcoe ròm elna-
IJ