Oribatid Mites from Tropical Forests of Yunnan Province in China II. Families Galumnidae and Galumnellidae

14 Pages·1993·5 MB·English

by  Jun-Ichi Aoki

—
ZOOLOGICAL SCIENCE 10: 835-848 (1993) 1993 Zoological SocietyofJapan
Oribatid Mites from Tropical Forests of Yunnan Province in China
II. Families Galumnidae and Galumnellidae
Jun-ichi Aoki1 and Sheng-hao Hu2
lInstitute ofEnvironmental Science and Technology, Yokohama National University,
Yokohama 240, Japan and 2Shanghai Institute ofEntomology,
Academia Sinica, Shanghai200025, China
—
ABSTRACT One newgenus, sevennewspecies andtwonewsubspecies oforibatid mitesbelonging
tothefamiliesGalumnidaeandGalumnellidaearedescribedfromYunnanProvinceofsouthernChina:
Kinezogalumna calcicola gen. n. et sp. n., Pergalumna menglunensis sp. n., P. imadatei sp. n., P.
magnipora xishuangbanna subsp. n., P. intermedia retroversa subsp. n., Galumna weni sp. n.,
Acrogalumna bipartita sp. n., Cosmogalumna imperfecta sp. n. and Porogalumnellapulchella sp. n.
The first report on oribatid mites of Yunnan insertedjust behind lamellarcarinaL), the genera
dealing with the family Lohmanniidae [16] is suc- Galumna and Kinezogalumna are similar to each
ceeded here by the present paper dealing with the other. Inthegenus Galumna, however, the lamel-
families Galumnidae and Galumnellidae. It lar carina L forms only a thin curved line parallel
appears to be one of the characteristic feature of to the carina 5, while in the genus Kinezogalumna
oribatid faunain Yunnan Province that the galum- the lamellarcarinaLconstitute ashortbroadridge
noid mites (superfamiiy Galumnoidea) are much which is strongly sclerotized. The long sensilli
abundant both in the density and in the numberof which are directed backward with an elbow are
species. All the galumnoidscollectedinthe tropic- also peculiar to the new genus.
al forests (the stations: xi-1, xi-2, xi-3 and xi-4) of Type species: Kinezogalumna calcicola sp. n.
Xishuangbanna of Yunnan are found to be new
species or new subspecies, which are described
below. A new genus is elected for one ofthe new Kinezogalumna calcicola sp. n.
(Figs. 1-5)
species.
Measurement. Body length 284-288jum, width
DESCRIPTION 220-227/urn.
Prodorsum. Prodorsal setae thin and nearly
Family Galumnidae smooth; relative length of them ro:le:in=
Kinezogalumna gen. n. (1.0);(1.2-1.3):(1.8-1.9); seta in winding and
directed upward. On the lateral side of prodor-
Diagnosis. Prodorsum on each side with a sum, infront ofcarina5, found a short butdistinct
lateral carina S and a short, well sclerotized lamel- lamellar ridge; seta le inserted near the anterior
lar ridge, on which lamellar seta is inserted. Dor- (ventral) extremity of the ridge. Sensillus very
sosejugal suture incomplete medially. Sensilli long and setiform, being directed laterad and then
long, without a strongly swollen head. Genital bending backward, the apical half being slightly
plateswith6pairsofsetae. Notogasterwith4pairs thickened and barbed unilaterally (Fig. 1).
of areae porosae. Legs heterotridactyle. Notogaster. Dorsosejugal suture incomplete
In the position of lamellar setae (seta le is medially, onlydiscernible betweenbothridium and
area porosa Ad on each side; Ad elongate drop-
Accepted August 4. 1993 shaped. Four pairs of notogasteral areae porosae
Received June 30, 1993 rounded,AathelargestandAa (sometimesA\ and
836 J.-I. Aoki AND S.-H. Hu
Figs. 1-5. Kinezogalumnacalcicolasp. n. 1 Sensillus. 2Areaeporosaeonnotogaster. 3Lateralviewofprodorsum.
4 Dorsal side. 5 Ventral side. Bars, 30/xm.
A2) the smallest(Aa>A3>Al^A2, Fig. 2). Noto- located posterior to anal opening.
gastral setae invisible, only their alveoli detected. Holotype and 12 paratypes: Tropical limestone
No central pore present. Notogastral surface forest (naturalforest) in Menglun, Xishuangbanna
showing indistinct pattern of network or radiating (xi-4), 30-X-1992.—2 paratypes: Tropical rain
lines in front of areae porosae A forest (secondary forest) in Xishuangbanna Tro-
x.
Anogenitalregion. Formulaofanogenital setae: pical Botanic Garden in Menglun (xi-3), 28-X-
6-1-2-3. Both genital and anal aperture slightly 1992. All in Yunnan Province in China, collected
wider than long. Mutual distance of aggenital by J. Aoki and S.-h. Hu. The holotype (SIE-Ori
setae longerthan the widthofgenital aperture and 921) and 8 paratypes (SIE-Ori922-929) are depo-
shorter than that of anal one; setae ag situated a sited in the collection of Shanghai Institute of
little anterior to the level mid-distance along the Entomology, Academia Sinica, Shanghai and the
interspace of the both apertures. Adanal seta ad remaining paratypes (NSMT-Ac 10451-10452) in
3
situated just outside adanal fissure iad or a little the collection of National Science Museum,
more anteriorly. An elliptical area porosa Ap Tokyo.
Oribatid Mites of Yunnan in China 837
Figs. 6-10. Pergalumna menglunensis sp. n. 6 Dorsal side. 7 Surface structure around area porosa/I,. 8 Surface
structureonthe middlepartofnotogaster. 9Bothridium withsensillusandtheirvicinity. 10Ventralside. Bars,
30/2m.
838 J.-I. Aoki AND S.-H. Hu
holotype (SIE-Ori 9210) and 18 paratypes (SIE-
Pergalumna menglunensis sp. n.
Ori 9211-9216) are deposited in the collection of
(Figs. 6-10) Shanghai Institute of Entomology and 10 para-
Measurement. Body length 408-485//m, width types (NSMT-Ac 10453-10455) inthecollectionof
298-352/um. National Science Museum, Tokyo.
Prodorsum. Rostrum rounded in dorsal view. Remarks. Several known species of the genus
Setae ro and le weakly barbed unilaterally; seta le Pergalumna have dorsal ornamentation oflongitu-
inserted on a small apophysis; seta in as longas /e, dinal ridges as in the new species. Pergalumna
slightlybarbed. Surfaceofprodorsumornamented margaritataMahunka, 1989, fromVietnamis most
byshort,irregularridgesarrangedinvariousdirec- similar to the new species in lacking dorsosejugal
tions. Sensillus long, curved posteriad, with dis- suture, and in having long interlamellar setae,
tinct spines (about 20-25 in the number) on the notogaster concave at posterior end, and adanal
outside in distal half of sensillus and a few spines setaad-i distinctly longer than ad2, but it is disting-
(about 5-8 in the number) on the inside in distal uishable from the new species by (1) the notogas-
one third of sensillus. tral sculpture similar to the prodorsal one. (2)
Notogaster. Dorsosejugal suture absent, but its pteromorpha with polygonal sculpture, and (3)
assumptive position noticed by the change of sur- genital plates each with only two longitudinal
face structure; short irregularridgeson prodorsum scratches [20]. The otherfourspecieswithlongitu-
changing on notogaster to long, longitudinally dinal scupture on dorsum are rather easily sepa-
arranged ridges; the ridges flowing smoothly, rated from the new species by the following fea-
weaklywinding, branchingandvanishinghere and tures: P. decorata Balogh et Mahunka, 1977, from
there (Fig. 8). No notogastral setae visible, but Bolivia by (1) the minute interlamellar setae, (2)
alveoli distinct, each with a dark ring. Three pairs the short and glabrous sensilli, and (3) the distinct
of areae porosae; the anterior and middle ones dorsosejugal suture [9]. P. complicata Balogh et
similar in size, the posterior one somewhat smal- Mahunka, 1978 from Brazil by (1) the sensilli
ler. Longitudinalridge-likeornamentationbecom- weakly thickened in the middle portion, (2) the
ing shorter and rather granule-like posteriorly distinctdorsosejugalsuture and (3) thewellvisible
around middle and posterior areae porosae (Fig. notogastral setae [11]. P. strigulata Mahunka,
7). Usuallywith amedianpori. Pteromorphawith 1978from Maurice Islandby(1) thesmoothsensil-
striation of irregular ridges. li and (2) the more elongated body [17]. P.
Anogenitalregion. Formulaofanogenital setae: decoratissima Perez-Inigo et Baggio, 1986 from
6-1-2-3. Genitalplatelongitudinallystriatedwith Cardoso Island by (1) the pointed rostrum, (2) the
7-8 striae. Genital seta g1 inserted close to the seta le twice as long as seta ro, (3) the distinct
posterior margin andg^-gf, on the anterior margin dorsosejugal suture, and (4) the larger body size
of genital plate. Anal, epimeral and ventral plate (810-860/urn) [21].
ornamented with short irregular ridges. Adanal
seta ad\ 2-3X as long asad2\ setaad3 the shortest. Pergalumna imadatei sp. n.
Adanal fissure iad situated between seta ad3 and
(Figs. 11-13)
lateralmarginofanalplate. Legsheterotridactyle.
Holotype and 5 paratypes: Tropical limestone Measurement. Body length 527-612^m, width
forest (natural forest) in Menglun, Xishuangbanna 390-428pm.
—
(xi-4andxi-5),30-X-1992. 21 paratypes: Tropic- Prodorsum. Rostrum with a rounded protru-
al rain forest (natural forest) in Xishuangbanna sion. Prodorsum densely, but weakly punctured.
Tropical Botanic Garden, Menglun (xi-2), 28-X- Prodorsal setae thin, slightly roughened; setae lea
—
1992. 2 paratypes: Tropical rain forest (secon- little longer than half the length of their mutual
dary forest) in Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanic distance; setae in directed upward, nearly as long
Garden, Menglun (xi-3), 28-X-1992. All thespeci- as setae le. Sensillus thin, almost smooth and
mens collected by J. Aoki and S.-h. Hu. The short, onlyalittle longerthansetale. Areaporosa
Oribatid Mites of Yunnan in China 839
Figs. 11-13. Pergalumna imadatei sp. n. 11 Dorsal side. 12 Pteromorpha. 13 Anal region. Bar, 100,um.
Ad small and drop-shaped. andparalleltolateralmarginofanalplate. Adanal
Notogaster. Dorsosejugal suture absent. Shape seta ad3 located in a level anterior to iad.
of notogaster rather elongated. Three pairs of Holotype and 3 paratypes: Tropical rain forest
areaeporosaeverysmall andnearlycircular, most- (secondary forest) in Xishuangbanna Tropical
ly of the same size, but often A\ somewhat larger Botanic Garden, Menglun (xi-3), 28-X-1992. Col-
than the other areae porosae; area porosa A\, lected by J, Aoki and S.-h. Hu. The holotype
lyrifissure im. lateroabdominal gland opening gla (SIE-Ori 9217) and 2 paratypes (SIE-Ori 9218-
and seta r3 situated close together. A pair of 9219) are deposited in the collection of Shanghai
groups of several clear light spots found behind Institute ofEntomology, Shanghai and 1 paratype
setae ms; more numerous indistinct light spots of (NSMT-Ac 10456) in the collection of National
irregular shapes located peripherally and also be- Science Museum, Tokyo.
tween areae porosae Aa and A\. No central pore Remarks. Having small areae porosae, Perga-
exists. Anterior portion of pteromorpha showing lumna mauriti Mahunka, 1978 from Maurice Is-
fine and dense wrinkles and light spots near the land, P. sulcatomarginata Mahunka, 1986 from
margin. Kenya and P. kotschyi Mahunka, 1989 from Viet-
Anogenitalregion. Genitalplatessmooth onthe nam show resemblance to the new species, but
surface. Genital setae g5 and g6 close together, theirsensilli are finely barbed, not almost glabrous
inserted near the anterior margin of genital plate; as those of the new species [7, 19, 20]. Mutual
distance betweengx andg2 as well as that between distance ofareae porosaeAa is short in the species
g2 and gy wide; distance between gj and g4 as well in comparison, shorter than, or at most equal to,
as that between g4 and g5 short. Mutual distance the mutual distance of notogastral setae ms, while
ag-ag shorter than width ofgenital aperture. Anal the mutual distance of Aa in the new species is
plate finely punctured and somewhat darker than longer than that ofsetae ms (distance [Aa—Aa]=
ventral plate around it. Adanal fissure iad close 1.37x[ms—ms]). The name of the new species is
un
840 J.-I. Aoki AND S.-H. Hu
dedicated to Prof. Gentaro Imadate of Tokyo setae visible, only their alveoli detected. Three
Medical and Dental University, who made an pairs of areae porosae: Ad and A elongate oval,
x
initial and important contribution to organize the A3 rounded and smaller than the formers; Aa and
Sino-Japanesecooperativeprojecton soilzoology. A\ not so different in size, sometimes Aa a little
larger than A\, sometimes vise versa. Pteromor-
pha with dark-colored radiating pattern.
Pergalumna magnipora xishuangbanna subsp. n.
Anogenitalregion. Formula ofanogenital setae:
(Figs. 14-18) 6-1-2-3. Genital plate with a dark longitudinal
Measurement. Body length 822-833//m, width ridge near the median margin of the plate (Fig.
618-650/urn. 17). Genital seta gi on the posterior margin, g5
Prodorsum. Rostral seta ro weakly barbed; andg6 on the anterior margin, and g2-gn arranged
setae le and in thin and slightly barbed, nearly lateral to the longitudinal ridge. Anal and adanal
equalinlength;setaeinhalfaslongastheirmutual setae rather thick. Adanal fissure iad located in a
distance, inserted in a dark-colored ring almost level a little anterior to seta ad3.
contiguous to dorsophragmatic apophysis. Area Legs. Solenidion u>\ on tarsus I waving in
porosa Ad elongate, situated lateral to these S-shape in basal portion (Fig. 15). All legs heter-
organs. Sensillus thin, setiform and nude, without otridactyle.
barbation, longer than seta in. In lateral view, a Holotype and 1 paratype: Tropical limestone
faint network of polygonal structures found be- forest (naturalforest) in Menglun, Xishuangbanna
—
tween carina S and tutorium (Fig. 14). (xi-4), 30-X-1992. 5 paratypes: Tropical rain
Notogaster. Surface glabrous. No notogastral forest (natural forest) in Xishuangbanna Tropical
Figs. 14-18. Pergalumnamagniporaxishuangbannasubsp. n. 14Lateralviewoftheanteriorhalfofbody. 15LegI.
16 Dorsal side. 17 Genital plate. 18 Anal plate and adanal setae. Bars, 100p.m.
x
Oribatid Mites of Yunnan in China 841
Botanic Garden, Menglun (xi-1, xi-2), 28-X-1992. magnipora capensis Engelbrecht, 1972 [13]
All collected by J. Aoki and S.-h. Hu. The Sensillus glabrous; areae porosae not so large
holotype (SIE-Ori 9220) and4paratypes (SIE-Ori andelongated {Aaatmost4Xaslongaswide)
9221-9224)are depositedinthecollectionofShan- 3
ghai Institute of Entomology, Shanghai and 2 i Areae porosae Aa distinctly longer than A\,
paratypes (NSMT-Ac 10457-10458) in the collec- interlamellar setae about 1/3 as long as their
tion of National Science Museum, Tokyo. mutual distance; genital plates without longi-
tudinal ridges; 742-845X589-653/mi; Japan
— P. magniporacapillarisAoki, 1961 [1]
y P Areae porosae Aa not so different in shape
Pergalumna magnipora (Hammer, 1961) ^.
frQm interlamellar setae half as long as
Posterior part of prodorsum finely striped; theirmutual distnace; genital plates eachwith
central pore found on notogaster; four small a dark-colored longitudinal ridge; 822-840
protruding knots and some short thick hairs 618-650/um; SouthChina
on the posterior part of notogaster; 750x598 P. magniporaxishuangbannasubsp. n.
/um; Peru
P. magnipora magnipora Hammer, 1961 [14]
Posteriorpart ofprodorsum glabrous; no cen- Pergalumna intermedia retroversa subsp. n.
trali pore on not;ogaster; nei•t«.her kvnots nor (vFig&s- 19-22)'
hairsontheposteriorpartofnotogaster 2 Measurement. Body length 390-435 fiva, width
Sensillius distinctly barbed; areae porosaeAa 282-315jum.
and^li very large and strongly elongated; 576 Very close to the nominate subspecies, Perga-
X426,am; SouthAfrica P. lumna intermedia intermedia Aoki, 1963 of Japan
J20,23
Figs. 19-22. Pergalumna intermedia retroversa subsp. n. 19 Dorsal side. 20 Sensillus. 21 Anal region. 22 Area
porosaA\ and its vicinity (in lateral view).
Fig. 23. Pergalumna intermedia intermedia Aoki 1963. Sensillus. Bars, 50^m.
BSH
842 J.-I. Aoki AND S.-H. Hu
[2], but differing from this in the longer and more a little anterior to adanal fissure iad and the
slender sensilli strongly bending backward (com- smaller body size (276-348X228-300/mi) [21].
pare Figs. 20 and23). Rostralsetaeveryshort and Holotype and 11 paratypes: Tropical rain forest
invisible in dorsal aspect. Genital plate with 2-3 (natural forest) in Xishuangbanna Tropical Bota-
longitudinal striae as in the nominate subspecies. nic Garden in Menglun (xi-2), 28-X-1992. Col-
Pergalumna jongkyui Choi, 1986 from Korea is lected by J. Aoki and S.-h. Hu. The holotype
similar to the new subspecies in having long and (SIE-Ori 9225) and 6 paratypes (SIE-Ori 9226-
bending sensilli, but its notogastral areae porosae 9231) are deposited in the collection of Shanghai
are very large, especially the posteriormost ones Institute ofEntomology, Shanghaiand5paratypes
[12]. Pergalumna parva Perez-Ihigo et Baggio, (NSMT-Ac 10459) in the collection of National
1986 from Brazil bears also similar sensilli, but it Science Museum, Tokyo.
differs from the new subspecies in the presence of
4 pairs of areae porosae, reduced interlamellar
Galumna weni sp. n.
setae (only their alveoli visible), the presence of
(Figs. 24-28)
postanal area porosaAp, adanal setae ad located
3
Figs. 24-28. Galumna wenisp. n. 24 Areae porosaeAa showingtheirvariation in shape. 25 Sensillus. 26Lateral
view ofprodorsum. 27 Dorsal side. 28 Ventral side. Bars, 50/zm.
Oribatid Mites of Yunnan in China 843
Measurement. Body length 515-520^m, width headandmoreorlesselongatedareaeporosaeAa.
362-370fan. Among them, G. monticola and G. hamifer differ
Prodorsum. Rostrum somewhat swelling in from the new species in more elongated L-shaped
lateral view, with uneven surface structure in the areae porosaeAa [15, 18]. On the contrary, Aa of
posteriorpart (Fig. 26). Rostral andlamellarsetae G. monteithi and G. changchunensis are shorter
fine, le a little longer than ro. Interlamellar setae than those of the new species [10, 23]. In G.
in somewhat thicker than le, directed upward. changchunesis prodorsal setae are barbed and
,
Carina L disappearing in front ofseta in. A fairly genital plates with fine longitudinal striation [23].
large area porosa Ad situated behind seta in. Areae porosae Aa of G. longiporosa are most
Sensillus bearing a slender lanceolate head with similarinshapetothoseofthenewspecies, butthe
barbation (Fig. 25). Korean species is distinguishable from the new
Notogaster. Dorsosejugal suture indistinct, species by (1) central pore situated behind the
almost disappearing medially. Lateral part of level of areae porosae A\, (2) prodorsal setae
notogaster in the vicinity of the posterior end of distinctly barbed, (3) sensilli with a more distinct
pteromorphaon each side distinctlyswellingoutin head, and (4) small light spots scatteredin frontof
dorsal view (Fig. 27). Four pairs of areae porosae At [12].
large; Aa wedge-shaped or boot-shaped (Fig. 24); The name of the new species is dedicated to
Ai nearlycircular,A2 andA3elliptical. Lyrifissure Prof. Wen Zai Gen ofNormal Bethune University
im and lateroabdominalglandopeningglasituated of Medical Sciences in Changchun, who reported
around Aa, but both the organs faint and difficult for the first time orbatid mites from Yunnan
to detect. Central pore present. Pteromorpha Province [22].
with faint radiating pattern.
Anogenital region. Genital aperture as long as
wide. Anterior genital setae arranged along the Acrogalumna bipartita sp. n.
(Fig. 29-32)
anterior margin of genital plate, g5 and g6 being
very close together. Aggenital setae agsituated in Measurement. Body length 760-765jum, width
a level mid-distance along interspace between 600-610fim.
genital and anal openings or a little more post- Prodorsum. Prodorsal setae much different in
erior; their mutual distance narrower than the length from one another; seta in very long and
width of genital opening. Anal aperture wider slightly roughened, more than twice as long as le;
than long. Adanal fissure iad located anterior to seta ro veryshort and fine, about 1/3 as long asle.
adanal seta ad3. An elongate ribbon-shaped post- Area porosa Ad situated very close to insertion of
anal area porosa Ap present. seta in. Sensillus slender, with a small lanceolate
Holotype and 3 paratypes: Tropical limestone head sharply pointed at tip, without ciliation (Fig.
forest (natural forest) in Menglun, Xishuangbanna 30).
(xi-4), 30-X-1992. Collected by J. Aoki and S.-h. Notogaster. Dorsosejugal suture interrupted
Hu. The holotype (SIE-Ori 9232) and2 paratypes medially between dorsophragmatic apophyses
(SIE-Ori 9223-9234) are deposited in the collec- (hy). Notogasterappearingto be much largerthan
tion of Shanghai Institute of Entomology, Shan- comparativelysmallprodorsum. Notogastralsetae
ghai and 1 paratype (NSMT-Ac 10460) in the invisible, only their alveoli discernible. Five pairs
collection of National Science Museum, Tokyo. of areae porosae rounded or oval, but irregular in
Remarks. Galumna monticola Hammer, 1977 outline andporesinside alsoirregularinshape and
from Pakistan, G. monteithi Balogh et Mahunka, large (Fig. 30); Aa divided into two parts, the
1978 from Australia, G. hamifer Mahunka, 1985 lateral one small and the median one elliptical and
from Guadeloupe, G. longiporosaChoi, 1986from the largest; Ax and A2 rounded, smaller than
Korea and G. changchunensis Wen, 1987 from elongate A^ (Fig. 32). A series of light spots
North China are similar to the new species in arranged peripherally on notogaster.
having sensilli with a weakly swollen lanceolate Anogenitalregion. Formulaofanogenital setae:
844 J.-I. Aoki AND S.-H. Hu
.-:a
Figs. 29-32. Acrogalumna bipartita sp. n. 29 Lamellar seta. 30 Sensillus, area porosa Aa and their vicinity (left
side). 31 Anal region. 32 Dorsal side. Bars, 100jum.
6-1-2-3. All the setae short and fine. Two to lateral margin of notogaster, (2) the larger
anterior setae of 6 genital setae inserted on the sensilli bending backward, and (3) the adanal
anterior margin ofgenital plate. Adanal setae ad\ fissure iadand adanalsetaad?arrangednearlyside
and ad2 situated behind, ad? lateral to anal open- by side [15]. A. macahdoi Balogh, 1960 from
ing. Adanal fissure iad aligned obliquely and Congo has setiform sensilli with distinct barbation
locatedin frontofsetaad?, (Fig. 31). Legsheterot- [5], but the specimens collected later in South
ridactyle. Africa by Engelbrecht [13] have sensillar head
Holotype and 1 paratype: Tropical rain forest which is incrassate and tapering to apex. In both
(natural forest) in Xishuangbanna Tropical Bota- the forms the sensilli are distinctly barbed, areae
nic Garden in Menglun (xi-1), 28-X-1992. Col- porosae Aa not divided into two parts and they
lected by J. Aoki and S.-h.Hu. The holotype differ from the new species.
(SIE-Ori 9235) is deposited in the collection of
Shanghai Institute ofEntomology, Shanghai and 1
paratype (NSMT-Ac 10461) in the collection of Cosmogalumna imperfecta sp. n.
National Science Museum, Tokyo. (Figs. 33-38)
Remarks. Acrogalumna shogranensis Hammer, Measurement. Body length 326-365//m, width
1977 from Pakistan has sensilli with a lanceolate 276-287fim.
head as in the new species, but is distinguishable Prodorsum. Prodorsalsetae invisible, onlytheir
from the new species by (1) the areae porosae Aa alveolidiscernible. Sensillusdirectedtowardlater-
undivided and elongated in the direction parallel al or lateroanterior direction, bearing a clavate