Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control (ACS Symposium)

445 Pages·1998·41.12 MB·English

by  Gordon P. Bierwagen

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In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
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In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 689
Organic Coatings
for Corrosion Control
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American Chemical Society, Washington, DC
In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
TA 418.76 .074 1998 Copy 1
Organic coatings for
corrosion control
This book is printed on acid-free, recycled paper.
Copyright © 1998 American Chemical Society
Distributed by Oxford University Press
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PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
Advisory Board
ACS Symposium Series
Mary E. Castellion Omkaram Nalamasu
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In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
Foreword
IHE ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES was first published in 1974 to provide
a mechanism for publishing symposia quickly in book form. The pur
g pose of the series is to publish timely, comprehensive books devel
s.or oped from ACS sponsored symposia based on current scientific re
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Decedoi: 1 Drafts of chapters are peer-reviewed prior to final acceptance or re
on 8 | jection, and manuscripts are prepared in camera-ready format.
A 99 As a rule, only original research papers and original review pa
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In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
Preface
THIS BOOK RESULTED from a request from Dr. George Pilcher, then Program
Chair of the Polymeric Materials: Science and Engineering (PMSE) division,
g that I organize a symposium on coatings and corrosion for the Spring 1996 ACS
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s. National Meeting in New Orleans. PMSE had not held a symposium on this
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0 | htt998-0 plies. At this time, I contacted ACS Books concerning the possibility of pub
201k-1 lishing the papers of this symposium, and received encouragement to plan for
December 11, doi: 10.1021/b ptaanundbt l siRtceoace rtstieehoatenar r.ca iTherse ho,a insp o lbofuo rscog otakhan teiiis nch g techsloe pa s rtcoieinfse gunthslct ee fo ,oA frb Cm ucSotu rcBirshoo rosheikaocrsned i svc twoiannoffgrt.r k ro ebln yhe awthse ead la wiunatthyeosr erbsst,e erinenv iuimenwpiveoerrrs ,
on 8 | sity, government, and corporate laboratories. Several driving forces are causing
TA 199 this renewal. The first is imminent legislation that will require removal of chro
ER30, mâtes from coating formulae and the coating production workplace, due to tox
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ALarc icity and hazardous materials handling issues. No longer can corrosion-control
F M coatings systems be based on chromate metal treatments and chromate pig
NIV ODate: ments. This removal has been impending for quite a few years, but is now re
Un quired. Further, all government agencies, including the Department of Defence
by atio (DOD), are under this removal mandate. Why chromâtes act in such a unique
nloaded Public msuacnhn aenr iusn dneorts tyaentd finugll.y understood, and much work is in progress to achieve
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strumentation for numerically characterizing organic coatings in their corrosion
protective mode. Far too much emphasis has been placed on qualitative, subjec
tive test methods for the corrosion-control properties of organic coatings. Com
bining new and old techniques with new computer hardware and software has
led to many easy-to-use methods that are being rapidly incorporated into labo
ratory practice. Examples are new electrochemical methods, new microscopic
probes (scanning probe microscopies, et al.), and new application of the tools of
materials science, such as thermal, spectroscopic and acoustic methods.
The third driving force is the design of new materials and systems for cor
rosion control coatings. Conductive polymers offer an ecologically viable op-
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In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
tion for corrosion protection, with a potential increase in efficiency over chro-
mate replacement systems. Microscopic engineering of the metal-pretreatment-
coating interfaces is under extensive examination, as all corrosion failures occur
at these loci.
These driving forces, and the renewed understanding that false economic
judgments of the value and need for long-term, effective protection of objects
with high capital value (e.g. aircraft, bridges, automobiles), have resulted in re
newed R&D that will lead to the better design and testing of organic coatings for
corrosion protection. No longer is the development of a new alloy the solution to
a corrosion problem. There is a large investment in objects and structures al
ready in place, and it is cost effective to lower their maintenance costs and ex
g tend their lifetimes. The proper use of organic coatings, pretreatments, and
or
s. coating application methods of high performance and high quality that provide
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0 | htt998-0 This book includes papers coauthored by some of the leaders in the field
201k-1 described by the book title. The reader will find extensive coverage of electro
December 11, doi: 10.1021/b pcesilhroeoecnmtte rpcioctrciaoohltne em cmptiiroecotanhvl oi udndneosdd,i se bere y smv paoeerrtcighoiaaounldlsiys ce oncefvo liaeartcsoitsnnregmosscs.eih nnTetgmah ltei hc eraexel pa qoduisemaurlrpi tweey di claalonn nadcldes li oitfi esolpetniaemsrc, tnerr oaaosnbfc ogocuipontryg rc oforasroinromdon
on 8 | underground pipelines to microbial-induced corrosion, and substrates ranging
A 99
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ER30, protection provided by polyaniline as a coating material. Several papers cover
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ALarc new pigments and pretreatment materials as substitutes for chromâtes. The book
NIV OF Date: M ims atnruyl,y E anng lianntedr,n Satoiuontha l Aefnrdiceaa,v oIrta, lwy,i tthh ec oNntertihbeurtlianngd as,u tJhaoprasn f,r oUmkr Saiwneed, eann, dG tehre
Un Czech Republic.
by atio This book was developed from a symposium sponsored by the Division of
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Acknowledgments
I wish to thank the authors of the papers presented below, as well as their insti
tutions, for providing the time and support that is involved in their preparation. I
wish to also thank all the agencies and corporations that have provided support
to the research efforts in corrosion/coatings here at NDSU, including the Office
of Naval Research (ONR), The American Gas Association-Pipeline Research
Committee, Xerxes, Inc., AKZO-Nobel America, EXXON, the Air Force Mate
rials Laboratory at WPAFB, the Air Force Office of Scientific Research
(AFOSR) and the National Science Foundation—Coatings Research Center
(IUCRC). I wish to give a special thanks to Dr. John Sedriks of ONR for all of
xii
In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
the advice and encouragement that he has provided me since I began studying
corrosion protection by coatings. Finally, I wish to thank Ms. Carol Johnson,
who was instrumental in handling all of the administrative and clerical efforts
that brought this book into publishable form.
GORDON P. BIERWAGEN
Professor, Polymers & Coatings
North Dakota State University
Fargo, ND 58105
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xiii
In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.
Chapter 1
Corrosion and Its Control by Coatings
Gordon P. Bierwagen
Department of Polymers and Coatings, North Dakota State University,
g Fargo, ND 58105
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Decedoi: 1 performance of corrosion control coatings or developing new measurement methods
on 8 | for their assessment. There are several technical organizations besides the ACS to
A 99 which the corrosion control by organic coatings is very important. The National
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From the user's point of view, corrosion control by coatings is very important,
especially for those objects and items that are subject to environments that cause
corrosion. Many users would like to have to paint/coat an object only once for
corrosion protection, and then assume appearance and function will maintain. This,
of course, does not occur, but when failure in corrosion protection of a coating
occurs, the function of the coated object can be threatened. The main goal of users of
corrosion protective coatings is to provide protection of the coated object as long as
possible. Often this desire and need for corrosion protection by a coating extends
beyond just the intact coating, as the user wishes the coating to protect areas of the
coated object that have undergone minor damage in handling or use. Thus, the
coating is not just a barrier layer between the object and its environment, but should
©1998 American Chemical Society 1
In Organic Coatings for Corrosion Control; Bierwagen, G.;
ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 1998.