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Organic Chemistry, Eighth Edition PDF

1384 Pages·2011·219.7 MB·English
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Preview Organic Chemistry, Eighth Edition

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8A(18) 2HeHelium4.0026 10NeNeon20.1797 18ArArgon39.948 36KrKrypton83.80 54XeXenon131.29 86RnRadon(222) 6 7 7A(17) 9FFluorine18.9984 17ClChlorine35.4527 35BrBromine79.904 53IIodine126.9045 85AtAstatine(210) 70YbYtterbium173.04 102NoNobelium(259) m 6A(16) 8OOxygen15.9994 16SSulfur32.066 34SeSelenium78.96 52TeTellurium127.60 84PoPolonium(209) 69TmThulium168.9342 101MdMendeleviu(258) 5A(15) 7NNitrogen14.0067 15PPhosphorus30.9738 33AsArsenic74.9216 51SbAntimony121.757 83BiBismuth208.9804 68ErErbium167.26 100FmFermium(257) 4A(14) 6CCarbon12.011 14SiSilicon28.0855 32GeGermanium72.61 50SnTin118.710 82PbLead207.2 67HoHolmium164.9303 99EsEinsteinium(252) 3A(13) 5BBoron10.811 13AlAluminum26.9815 31GaGallium69.723 49InIndium114.82 81TlThallium204.3833 66DyDysprosium162.50 98CfCalifornium(251) Metals Semimetals Nonmetals 1B2B(11)(12) 3029CuZnCopperZinc63.54665.39 4748AgCdSilverCadmium107.8682112.411 7980AuHgGoldMercury196.9665200.59 112111CnRgCoperniciumRoentgenium(285)(280) 6564TbGdTerbiumGadolium158.9253157.25 9796BkCmBerkeliumCurium(247)(247) er 8B(10) 28NiNickel58.693 46PdPalladium106.42 78PtPlatinum195.08 110DsDarmstadtium(281) 63EuEuropium151.965 95AmAmericium(243) Atomic numbSymbolNameAtomic mass 8B8B(8)(9) 2627FeCoIronCobalt55.84758.9332 4445RuRhRutheniumRhodium101.07 102.9055 7677OsIrOsmiumIridium190.2192.22 108109MtHsMeitneriumHassium(276)(270) 6261SmPmSamariumPromethium150.36(145) 9394NpPuNeptuniumPlutonium(237) (244) Key 79AuGold196.9665 An element 6B7B(6)(7) 2425CrMnChromiumManganese51.996154.9380 4243MoTcMolybdenumTechnetium95.94(98) 7475WReTungstenRhenium183.85186.207 106107SgBhSeaborgiumBohrium(271)(272) 5960PrNdNeodymiumPraseodymium140.9076144.24 9192PaUProtactiniumUranium231.0359238.00289 ts 5B(5) 23VVanadium50.9415 41NbNiobium92.9064 73TaTantalum180.9479 105DbDubnium(268) 58CeCerium140.115 90ThThorium232.0381 emen 4B(4) 22TiTitanium47.88 40ZrZirconium91.224 72HfHafnium178.49 104RfRutherfordium(267) 57LaLanthanum 138.9055 89Ac Actinium (227) he El 3B(3) 21ScScandium44.9559 39YYttrium88.9059 71LuLutetium174.967 103LrLawrencium(260) anides6 des7 e of t 2A(2) 4BeBeryllium9.0122 12MgMagnesium24.3050 20CaCalcium40.078 38SrStrontium87.62 56BaBarium137.327 88RaRadium227.0278 Lanth s Actini e Tabl 1A(1) 1HHydrogen1.0079 3LiLithium6.941 11NaSodium22.9898 19KPotassium39.0983 37RbRubidium85.4678 55CsCesium132.9054 87FrFrancium(223) enthesers ofopes. Periodic Group number,U.S. systemIUPAC system Period 1number 2 3 4 5 6 7 Numbers in parare mass numbradioactive isot Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Get a Better Grade in Chemistry! Log in now to the #1 online homework & tutorial system for chemistry. Score better on exams, get homework help, and more! • Master chemistry and improve your grade using OWL’s step-by-step tutorials, interactive simulations, and homework questions that provide instant answer-specifi c feedback. Available 24/7. • Learn at your own pace with OWL, a study smart system that ensures you’ve mastered each concept before you move on. • Access an e-version of your textbook enhanced with videos and animations, highlighting, the ability to add notes, and more. To get started, use the access code that may have been packaged with your text or purchase access online. Check with your instructor to verify that OWL is required for your course before purchasing. www.cengage.com/OWL Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. 8e Organic Chemistry Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. 8 e O rganic Chemistry John McMurry Cornell University Australia • Brazil • Japan • Korea • Mexico • Singapore • Spain • United Kingdom • United States Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Organic Chemistry, Eighth Edition © 2012, 2008 Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning John McMurry ALL RIGHTS RESERVED. No part of this work covered by the copyright Executive Editor: Lisa Lockwood herein may be reproduced, transmitted, stored, or used in any form or by any means, graphic, electronic, or mechanical, including but not Senior Developmental Editor: Sandra Kiselica limited to photocopying, recording, scanning, digitizing, taping, Web Assistant Editor: Elizabeth Woods distribution, information networks, or information storage and retrieval Senior Media Editor: Lisa Weber systems, except as permitted under Section 107 or 108 of the 1976 Media Editor: Stephanie Van Camp United States Copyright Act, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Senior Marketing Manager: Barb Bartoszek Marketing Assistant: Kevin Carroll For product information and technology assistance, contact us at Marketing Communications Manager: Cengage Learning Customer & Sales Support, 1-800-354-9706. Linda Yip For permission to use material from this text or product, Content Project Manager: Teresa L. Trego submit all requests online at www.cengage.com/permissions. Further permissions questions can be e-mailed to Art Director: John Walker [email protected]. Print Buyer: Karen Hunt Rights Acquisitions Specialist: Dean Library of Congress Control Number: 2010936830 Dauphinais Student Edition: Production Service: Graphic World, Inc. ISBN-13: 978-0-8400-5444-9 Text Designer: RHDG Riezebos Holzbaur ISBN-10: 0-8400-5444-0 Photo Researcher: The Bill Smith Group/ Chis Althof Brooks/Cole Copy Editor: Graphic World, Inc. 20 Davis Drive OWL producers: Stephen Battisti, Cindy Belmont, CA 94002-3098 Stein, David Hart (Center for Educational USA Software Development, University of Massachusetts, Amherst) Cengage Learning is a leading provider of customized learning solutions Illustrator: Graphic World, Inc. with office locations around the globe, including Singapore, the United Cover Designer: John Walker Kingdom, Australia, Mexico, Brazil, and Japan. Locate your local office at Cover Image: © Raul Touzon/Getty Images www.cengage.com/global. Compositor: Graphic World, Inc. Cengage Learning products are represented in Canada by Nelson Education, Ltd. To learn more about Brooks/Cole, visit www.cengage.com/brookscole Purchase any of our products at your local college store or at our preferred online store www.cengagebrain.com. Printed in Canada 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 14 13 12 11 10 Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. This is an electronic version of the print textbook. Due to electronic rights restrictions, some third party content may be suppressed. Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. The publisher reserves the right to remove content from this title at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. For valuable information on pricing, previous editions, changes to current editions, and alternate formats, please visit www.cengage.com/highered to search by ISBN#, author, title, or keyword for materials in your areas of interest. Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it. Copyright 2010 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. May not be copied, scanned, or duplicated, in whole or in part. Due to electronic rights, some third party content may be suppressed from the eBook and/or eChapter(s). Editorial review has deemed that any suppressed content does not materially affect the overall learning experience. Cengage Learning reserves the right to remove additional content at any time if subsequent rights restrictions require it.

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