Ordinary Jerusalem 1840–1940. Opening New Archives, Revisiting a Global City

615 Pages·2018·4.024 MB·English

by  Angelos Dalachanis, Vincent Lemire (eds.)

Ordinary Jerusalem 1840–1940
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Open Jerusalem
Edited by
Vincent Lemire (Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée University) and
Angelos Dalachanis (French School at Athens)
VOLUME 1
The titles published in this series are listed at brill.com/opje
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Ordinary Jerusalem 1840–1940
Opening New Archives, Revisiting a Global City
Edited by
Angelos Dalachanis and Vincent Lemire
LEIDEN | BOSTON
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This is an open access title distributed under the terms of the prevailing CC-BY-NC-ND
License at the time of publication, which permits any non-commercial use, distribution, and
reproduction in any medium, provided no alterations are made and the original author(s)
and source are credited.
The Open Jerusalem project has received funding from the European Research Council
(ERC) under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)
(starting grant No 337895)
Note for the cover image: Photograph of two women making Palestinian point lace seated outdoors on a
balcony, with the Old City of Jerusalem in the background. American Colony School of Handicrafts,
Jerusalem, Palestine, ca. 1930. G. Eric and Edith Matson Photograph Collection, Library of Congress.
https://www.loc.gov/item/mamcol.054/
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Dalachanis, Angelos, editor. | Lemire, Vincent, 1973– editor.
Title: Ordinary Jerusalem, 1840–1940 : opening new archives, revisiting a
 global city / edited by Angelos Dalachanis and Vincent Lemire.
Description: Leiden ; Boston : Brill, [2018] | Series: Open Jerusalem ;
 Volume 1 | Includes bibliographical references.
Identifiers: LCCN 2018019559 (print) | LCCN 2018019932 (ebook) | ISBN
 9789004375741 (E-book) | ISBN 9789004375734 (hardback : alk. paper)
Subjects: LCSH: Jerusalem—History—19th century. | Jerusalem—History—20th
 century. | Urban anthropology—Jerusalem. | Municipal
 government—Jerusalem.
Classification: LCC DS109.925 (ebook) | LCC DS109.925 .O73 2018 (print) | DDC
 956.94/42034—dc23
LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2018019559
Typeface for the Latin, Greek, and Cyrillic scripts: “Brill”. See and download: brill.com/brill-typeface.
issn 2543-0211
isbn 978-90-04-37573-4 (hardback)
isbn 978-90-04-37574-1 (e-book)
Copyright 2018 by the Authors. Published by Koninklijke Brill nv, Leiden, The Netherlands.
Koninklijke Brill NV incorporates the imprints Brill, Brill Hes & De Graaf, Brill Nijhoff, Brill Rodopi,
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This book is printed on acid-free paper and produced in a sustainable manner.
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Contents
List of Figures and Tables ix
Abbreviations xiii
List of Contributors xv
Note on Transliteration xxiv
Introduction: Opening Ordinary Jerusalem 1
Angelos Dalachanis and Vincent Lemire
part 1
Opening the Archives, Revealing the City
Introduction 13
Gudrun Krämer
1 Placing Jerusalemites in the History of Jerusalem: The Ottoman Census
(sicil-i nüfūs) as a Historical Source 15
Michelle U. Campos
2 Introducing Jerusalem: Visiting Cards, Advertisements and Urban
Identities at the Turn of the 20th Century 29
Maria Chiara Rioli
3 The Ethiopian Orthodox Community in Jerusalem: New Archives and
Perspectives on Daily Life and Social Networks, 1840–1940 50
Stéphane Ancel
4 Between Ottomanization and Local Networks: Appointment Registers as
Archival Sources for Waqf Studies. The Case of Jerusalem’s Maghariba
Neighborhood 75
Şerife Eroğlu Memiş
5 Foreign Affairs through Private Papers: Bishop Porfirii Uspenskii and His
Jerusalem Archives, 1842–1860 100
Lora Gerd and Yann Potin
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vi Contents
6 The Brotherhood, the City and the Land: Patriarchal Archives and
Scales of Analysis of Greek Orthodox Jerusalem in the Late Ottoman
and Mandate Periods 118
Angelos Dalachanis and Agamemnon Tselikas
part 2
Imperial Allegiances and Local Authorities
Introduction 139
Beshara Doumani
7 The State and the City, the State in the City: Another Look at
Citadinité 143
Noémi Lévy-Aksu
8 Collective Petitions (ʿarż-ı maḥżār) as a Reflective Archival Source for
Jerusalem’s Networks of Citadinité in the late 19th Century 161
Yasemin Avcı, Vincent Lemire, and Ömür Yazıcı Özdemir
9 Back into the Imperial Fold: The End of Egyptian Rule through the
Court Records of Jerusalem, 1839–1840 186
Abla Muhtadi and Falestin Naïli
10 An Institution, Its People and Its Documents: The Russian Consulate
in Jerusalem through the Foreign Policy Archive of the Russian
Empire, 1858–1914 200
Irina Mironenko-Marenkova and Kirill Vakh
11 Diplomacy, Communal Politics, and Religious Property Management:
The Case of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem in the
Early Mandate Period 223
Konstantinos Papastathis
12 Comparing Ottoman Municipalities in Palestine: The Cases of Nablus,
Haifa, and Nazareth, 1864–1914 240
Mahmoud Yazbak
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Contents vii
13 Municipal Jerusalem in the Age of Urban Democracy: On the
Difference between What Happened and What Is Said to Have
Happened 262
Jens Hanssen
part 3
Cultural Networks, Public Knowledge
Introduction 283
Edhem Eldem
14 Reading the City, Writing the Self: Arabic and Hebrew Urban Texts in
Jerusalem, 1840–1940 287
Yair Wallach
15 Arab–Zionist Conversations in Late Ottoman Jerusalem: Saʿid
al-Husayni, Ruhi al-Khalidi and Eliezer Ben-Yehuda 305
Jonathan Marc Gribetz
16 Ben-Yehuda in his Ottoman Milieu: Jerusalem’s Public Sphere as
Reflected in the Hebrew Newspaper Ha-Tsevi, 1884–1915 330
Hassan Ahmad Hassan and Abdul-Hameed al-Kayyali
17 Men at Work: The Tipografia di Terra Santa, 1847–1930 352
Leyla Dakhli
18 The St. James Armenian Printing House in Jerusalem: Scientific and
Educational Activities, 1833–1933 366
Arman Khachatryan
19 The Wasif Jawharriyeh Collection: Illustrating Jerusalem during the
First Half of the 20th Century 384
Issam Nassar
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viii Contents
part 4
Sharing the City: Contacts, Claims and Conflicts
Introduction 401
Gadi Algazi
20 “The Preservation and Safeguarding of the Amenities of the Holy City
without Favour or Prejudice to Race or Creed”: The Pro-Jerusalem
Society and Ronald Storrs, 1917–1926 403
Roberto Mazza
21 Governing Jerusalem’s Children, Revealing Invisible Inhabitants:
The American Colony Aid Association, 1920s–1950s 423
Julia R. Shatz
22 Epidemiology and the City: Communal vs. Intercommunal Health
Policy-Making in Jerusalem from the Ottomans to the Mandate,
1908–1925 440
Philippe Bourmaud
23 Being on a List: Class and Gender in the Registries of Jewish Life in
Jerusalem, 1840–1900 457
Yali Hashash
24 The Tramway Concession of Jerusalem, 1908–1914: Elite Citizenship,
Urban Infrastructure, and the Abortive Modernization of a Late
Ottoman City 475
Sotirios Dimitriadis
25 Waqf Endowments in the Old City of Jerusalem: Changing Status and
Archival Sources 490
Salim Tamari
26 The Limitations of Citadinité in Late Ottoman Jerusalem 510
Louis Fishman
Bibliography 531
Index of Persons 580
Index of Places 586
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List of Figures and Tables
Figures
1.1 Ottoman census header, 1299 [1883–84] 18
1.2 Ottoman census header, 1321 [1905–6] 20
2.1 Cover of the catalogue “Carte di visita avvisi ec. 1880” 32
2.2 Visiting card of P. Léon Pourrière, OFM, ca. 1898 34
2.3 Visiting card of E. Bertoli, dentist, ca. 1894–95 35
2.4 Visiting card of Salim al-Husayni, ca. 1889–90 37
2.5 Bill of exchange of the Société du Chemin de Fer Ottoman de Jaffa à
Jérusalem et prolongements, 1891 39
2.6 Visiting card of Albert Antébi, ca. 1898 44
2.7 Visiting card of midwife F. Lapidus, ca. 1892–93 47
2.8 Visiting card of Yassin al-Khalidi, ca. 1898 48
3.1 Letter of Emperor Yohannes IV to the sultan, dated Yäkkatit 24, 1874
(Ethiopian Calendar)/March 2, 1882 60
3.2 Ottoman report concerning the increasing number of Ethiopians in
Jerusalem bearing Italian passports, 1893 61
3.3 Letter from Abd Mariam to Antonin Kapustin, archimandrite in
the Russian Ecclesiastical Mission in Jerusalem, December 6, 1875,
Jerusalem 63
3.4 Receipt for the payment of wine, signed by Nicolai Schmidt, January 4,
1916 66
3.5 Receipt for payment for work done on Empress Taytu’s house, April 14,
1915 68
3.6 Receipt for the payment of tax (recto), Muharram 1314 (June 1896) 69
3.7 Receipt for the payment of tax (verso), Muharram 1314 (June 1896) 70
3.8 Short note signed by Pascal Seraphin, August 1, 1913 71
3.9 Receipt for payment for work done on Empress Taytu’s house, signed by
Pascal Seraphin, November 20, 1902 72
3.10 Short letter from Seraphin’s wife, n.d 73
4.1 ʿAtīḳ (Old) record of the “Waqf of the Tombs of Abu Madyan al-Ghawth
and ʿUmar al-Mujarrad” 80
4.2 Cedīd (New) record 80
6.1 Plan of site for YMCA building and soccer field in Jerusalem 128
6.2 Petition, received on June 17, 1910, with the mention of “Jerusalemite”
after the petitioner’s signature 133
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x List of Figures and Tables
6.3 Testament dated December 20, 1923, in Arabic and Greek 135
8.1 Classification codes, 1839–1915 172
8.2 Original language of petitions, 1840–1915 (in percentages) 172
8.3 Addressee of collective petitions, 1840–76 174
8.4 Addressee of collective petitions, 1876–1908 174
8.5 Addressee of collective petitions, 1908–15 175
8.6 Date sequence of 200 collective petitions, 1839–1915 175
8.7 Form of collective petitions, 1839–1915 177
8.8 Collective petition signed by 55 people and submitted to the Grand
Vezierate to thank the government for taking precautions to prevent
cholera from spreading in the province of Jerusalem, 1865 178
8.9 Collective petition signed by 30 people and submitted to the Grand
Vizierate to complain about the process of nominating the Greek
Patriarch of Jerusalem, 1897 179
8.10 Subject matter of collective petitions, 1840–76 180
8.11 Collective petition signed by 419 people from the Syriac community
and submitted to the Ministry of Justice to complain about Armenian
infringement on their rights in the holy sites of Jerusalem, 1893 183
12.1 Municipal Archives of Nablus, expenditures document, first collection,
vol. 1, 106 243
12.2 Municipal Archives of Nablus, document of printed headers, first
collection, vol. 3, 3 244
12.3 Municipal Archives of Nablus, first collection, vol. 1, 3 245
14.1 Khalil Sakakini 292
14.2 Dedication inscription of the Mishkenot Sha’ananim alms houses
outside Jaffa Gate, built in 1860 299
14.3 Dedication inscription of the Jewish religious seminary (yeshiva) in the
Bukharan Quarter, built in 1927 302
17.1 Lithography and printing press of St. Saviour’s Convent, Jerusalem 355
18.1 Cover of the SJAPH’s first publication, Tetrak Aghót‘amatoyts‘ vasn
Jermer‘and Aghót‘asirats‘, Vork‘ ka‘m Andzamb ew ka‘m Mtók‘ Nerkayanan
i S. Tnórinakan Teghisn K‘ristosi Astutsoy Meróy [A booklet for those
who pray fervently and visit the places of the Christ either physically or
mentally], 1833 375
18.2 First page of the January 1870 issue of the SJAPH journal Sion, with the
image of St. James Armenian Cathedral 381
18.3 Page from Zhamagirk‘ Hayastaneats‘ S. Ekeghets‘wots‘ [Prayer book of
the Holy Armenian Church], published by the SJAPH in 1881 383
19.1 The page in the notebook where Wasif Jawharriyeh announces the
inclusion of the photographs of the sultan 389
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