Optical fiber telecommunications V PDF
Preview Optical fiber telecommunications V
Optical Fiber Telecommunications V A About the Editors Ivan P. Kaminow retired from Bell Labs in 1996 after a 42-year career. He conductedseminalstudiesonelectroopticmodulatorsandmaterials,Ramanscatter- inginferroelectrics,integratedoptics,semiconductorlasers(DBR,ridge-waveguide InGaAsP, and multi-frequency), birefringent optical fibers, and WDM networks. Later,heledresearchonWDMcomponents(EDFAs,AWGs,andfiberFabry-Perot Filters),andonWDMlocalandwideareanetworks.HeisamemberoftheNational Academy of Engineering and a recipient of the IEEE/OSA John Tyndall, OSA CharlesTownes,andIEEE/LEOSQuantumElectronicsAwards.Since2004,hehas been Adjunct Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of California, Berkeley. Tingye Li retired from AT&T in 1998 after a 41-year career at Bell Labs and AT&T Labs. His seminal work on laser resonator modes is considered a classic. Since the late 1960s, he and his groups have conducted pioneering studies on lightwave technologies and systems. He led the work on amplified WDM trans- mission systems and championed their deployment for upgrading network capa- city. He is a member of the National Academy of Engineering and a foreign member of the Chinese Academy of Engineering. He is also a recipient of the IEEE David Sarnoff Award, IEEE/OSA John Tyndall Award, OSA Ives Medal/ Quinn Endowment, AT&T Science and Technology Medal, and IEEE Photonics Award. AlanE.WillnerhasworkedatAT&TBellLabsandBellcore,andheisProfessor ofElectricalEngineeringattheUniversityofSouthernCalifornia.Hereceivedthe NSFPresidentialFacultyFellowsAwardfromtheWhiteHouse,PackardFounda- tion Fellowship, NSF National Young Investigator Award, Fulbright Foundation Senior Scholar, IEEE LEOS Distinguished Lecturer, and USC University-Wide Award for Excellence in Teaching. He is a Fellow of IEEE and OSA, and he has beenPresidentoftheIEEELEOS,Editor-in-ChiefoftheIEEE/OSAJ.ofLightwave Technology, Editor-in-Chief of Optics Letters, Co-Chair of the OSA Science & Engineering Council, and General Co-Chair of the Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics. Optical Fiber Telecommunications V A Components and Subsystems Edited by Ivan P. Kaminow Tingye Li Alan E. Willner AMSTERDAM•BOSTON•HEIDELBERG•LONDON NEWYORK•OXFORD•PARIS•SANDIEGO SANFRANCISCO•SINGAPORE•SYDNEY•TOKYO AcademicPressisanimprintofElsevier AcademicPressisanimprintofElsevier 30CorporateDrive,Suite400,Burlington,MA01803,USA 525BStreet,Suite1900,SanDiego,California92101-4495,USA 84Theobald’sRoad,LondonWC1X8RR,UK Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper. Copyright(cid:2)2008,ElsevierInc.Allrightsreserved. Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproducedortransmittedinanyformorbyany means,electronicormechanical,includingphotocopy,recording,oranyinformation storageandretrievalsystem,withoutpermissioninwritingfromthepublisher. PermissionsmaybesoughtdirectlyfromElsevier’sScience&TechnologyRights DepartmentinOxford,UK:phone:(þ44)1865843830,fax:(þ44)1865853333, E-mail:[email protected] viatheElsevierhomepage(http://elsevier.com),byselecting‘‘Support&Contact’’ then‘‘CopyrightandPermission’’andthen‘‘ObtainingPermissions.’’ LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Applicationsubmitted BritishLibraryCataloguing-in-PublicationData AcataloguerecordforthisbookisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary. ISBN:978-0-12-374171-4 ForinformationonallAcademicPresspublications visitourWebsiteatwww.books.elsevier.com PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica 08 09 10 11 12 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Working together to grow libraries in developing countries www.elsevier.com | www.bookaid.org | www.sabre.org ForFlorence, Paula,Leonard, and Ellenwith Love—IPK ForEdith,Debbie, and Kathy with Love—TL ForMichelle, ourChildren (Moshe, Asher,Ari, Jacob), andmy Parents with Love—AEW This page intentionally left blank Contents Contributors ix Chapter 1 Overview ofOFT VVolumes A&B 1 Ivan P. Kaminow,Tingye Li,and AlanE. Willner Chapter 2 Semiconductor QuantumDots: Genesis—TheExcitonic Zoo—Novel Devicesfor FutureApplications 23 DieterBimberg Chapter 3 High-Speed Low-ChirpSemiconductorLasers 53 Shun Lien Chuang, Guobin Liu,and Piotr Konrad Kondratko Chapter 4 Recent Advances inSurface-Emitting Lasers 81 FumioKoyama Chapter 5 Pump Diode Lasers 107 ChristophHarder Chapter 6 Ultrahigh-Speed Laser Modulation by Injection Locking 145 Connie J. Chang-Hasnain andXiaoxue Zhao Chapter 7 Recent Developments inHigh-Speed Optical Modulators 183 LarsThyle´n,UrbanWestergren, Petter Holmstro¨m, Richard Schatz, and Peter Ja¨nes Chapter 8 AdvancesinPhotodetectors 221 Joe Charles Campbell Chapter9 PlanarLightwaveCircuitsinFiber-OpticCommunications 269 Christopher R. Doerr and Katsunari Okamoto vii viii Contents Chapter10 III–V Photonic Integrated Circuits and Their Impact on OpticalNetwork Architectures 343 Dave Welch, Chuck Joyner, DamienLambert, Peter W. Evans, and MauraRaburn Chapter11 Silicon Photonics 381 Cary Gunn and ThomasL. Koch Chapter12 Photonic Crystal Theory: TemporalCoupled-Mode Formalism 431 Shanhui Fan Chapter13 Photonic Crystal Technologies: Experiment 455 SusumuNoda Chapter14 Photonic Crystal Fibers:Basicsand Applications 485 Philip StJohn Russell Chapter15 Specialty Fibersfor Optical Communication Systems 523 Ming-Jun Li,Xin Chen, Daniel A. Nolan, Ji Wang, James A. West, andKarlW.Koch Chapter16 Plastic OpticalFibers: Technologies and Communication Links 593 YasuhiroKoike and Satoshi Takahashi Chapter17 Polarization Mode Dispersion 605 Misha Brodsky,NicholasJ. Frigo,and MosheTur Chapter18 Electronic Signal Processing for Dispersion Compensation andError Mitigation inOptical Transmission Networks 671 Abhijit Shanbhag, Qian Yu, and JohnChoma Chapter19 Microelectromechanical Systems for Lightwave Communication 713 Ming C. Wu, Olav Solgaard, andJoseph E. Ford Chapter20 Nonlinear Optics in Communications: From Crippling Impairment toUltrafast Tools 759 Stojan Radic,DavidJ. Moss, and Benjamin J. Eggleton Chapter21 Fiber-OpticQuantum InformationTechnologies 829 Prem Kumar, JunChen, PaulL. Voss, Xiaoying Li, Kim Fook Lee, and Jay E. Sharping Index toVolumes VA and VB 881 Contributors DieterBimberg, Institut fuer Festkoerperphysik and Center ofNanophotonics, Berlin,Germany,[email protected] Misha Brodsky, AT&T Labs – Research, Middletown, NJ, USA, [email protected] Joe Charles Campbell, School of Engineeringand AppliedScience, Department ofElectrical and Computer Engineering,University ofVirginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA, [email protected] ConnieJ.Chang-Hasnain, Department of Electrical Engineeringand ComputerSciences, Universityof California, Berkeley, CA,USA, [email protected] Jun Chen, Centerfor Photonic Communication and Computing, EECS Department, NorthwesternUniversity, Evanston, IL, USA Xin Chen, CorningInc., Corning, NY, USA, [email protected] John Choma, ScinteraInc., Sunnyvale, CA, USA, [email protected] Shun Lien Chuang, Department ofECE, Universityof Illinois, Urbana, IL, USA,[email protected] Christopher R.Doerr, Alcatel-Lucent,Holmdel, NJ, USA, [email protected] Benjamin J.Eggleton, ARC Centreof Excellence for Ultrahigh-bandwidth Devices for Optical Systems (CUDOS),SchoolofPhysics,University of Sydney,Australia, [email protected] Peter W.Evans, Infinera Inc., Sunnyvale,CA, USA, [email protected] Shanhui Fan, Ginzton Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford,CA, USA, [email protected] Joseph E. Ford,Department ofElectrical and Computer Engineering, University ofCalifornia, San Diego, CA,USA,[email protected] ix
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