Open Content Licensing: Cultivating The Creative Commons PDF
Preview Open Content Licensing: Cultivating The Creative Commons
Open Content Licensing: Cultivating the Creative Commons Principal Editor Professor Brian Fitzgerald Head of School of Law, Queensland University of Technology, Australia With the assistance of Jessica Coates and Suzanne Lewis List of Contributors RichardNeville ProfessorArunSharma MarkFallu ProfessorBarryConynghamAM GregLane ProfessorBrianFitzgerald NicSuzor ProfessorLawrenceLessig ProfessorRichardJones ProfessorGregHearn ProfessorJohnQuiggin DrDavidRooney NeeruPaharia MichaelLavarch StuartCunningham DrTerryCutler DamienO’Brien RenatoIanella CarolFripp DennisMacNamara JeanBurgess TheHonJusticeJamesDouglas TheHonJusticeRonaldSackville LindaLavarchMP TomCochrane IanOi DrAnneFitzgerald NealeHooper KeithDone SalHumphreys iv List of Contributors JohnBanks v Table of Contents TitlePage iii ListofContributors iv Foreword viii PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD viii AShortOverviewofCreativeCommons x PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD x BANCOCOURTKEYNOTE 1 Introduction 3 THEHONJUSTICEJAMESDOUGLAS 3 DoesCopyrightHaveLimits?EldredvAshcroftanditsAftermath 6 PROFESSORLAWRENCELESSIG 6 CONFERENCEKEYNOTE 19 Welcome 23 THEHONJUSTICERONALDSACKVILLE 23 TheVisionfortheCreativeCommons:WhatareWeandWhereareWe Headed?FreeCulture 29 PROFESSORLAWRENCELESSIG 29 CREATIVECOMMONSWORLDWIDE 41 TheiCommonsProject 43 DVCTOMCOCHRANE,NEERUPAHARIAANDIANOI 43 GOVERNMENTANDCREATIVECOMMONS 55 TheGovernment’sRoleinSupportingCreativeInnovation 57 LINDALAVARCHMP 57 WhyGovernmentsandPublicInstitutionsNeedtoUnderstandOpen ContentLicensing 62 PROFESSORSTUARTCUNNINGHAM,DRTERRYCUTLER,DRANNE vi Table of Contents FITZGERALD,NEALEHOOPE,ANDTOMCOCHRANE 62 CREATIVECOMMONSANDTHECREATIVEINDUSTRIES 79 PerspectivesfromtheCreativeIndustries 81 RICHARDNEVILLE,PROFESSORRICHARDJONES,PROFESSORGREG HEARNANDPROFESSORBARRYCONYNGHAMAM 81 CASESTUDIES 101 OpenContentLicensingInitiatives 103 PROFESSORARUNSHARMA 103 AEShareNET 106 CAROLFRIPPANDDENNISMCNAMARA 106 OpenDigitalRightsLanguage(ODRL) 112 DRRENATOIANELLA 112 YouthInternetRadioNetwork(YIRN) 120 JEANBURGESSANDMARKFALLU 120 AustralianCreativeResourceOnline(ACRO) 127 DRDAVIDROONEY 127 POLICYISSUES 131 InternetandInnovation 133 PROFESSORJOHNQUIGGIN 133 DigitalSamplingandCultureJamminginaRemixWorld:Whatdoesthe lawallow? 138 PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALDANDDAMIENO’BRIEN 138 LAWANDCOMPUTERGAMES 169 Introduction 171 GREGLANE 171 GamesHistory,Content,PracticeandLaw 176 PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD,SALHUMPHREYS,JOHNBANKS, KEITHDONEANDNICSUZOR 176 TheFuture 205 PROFESSORLAWRENCELESSIG,PROFESSORSTUARTCUNNINGHAM ANDSALHUMPHREYS 205 Biographies 214 Index 226 vii Foreword PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD In late 2003 I became involved with the Australian implementation of the Cre- ative Commons (CC) Project along with Tom Cochrane (DVC TILS QUT) and Ian Oi (then of Blakes Lawyers now a Partner at Corrs Lawyers). We were ex- cited by the possibilities that CC might provide. QUT became an Institutional Affiliate and an Australian version of the Creative Commons licence was com- pleted(creativecommons.org.au). InordertocelebrateandlaunchtheAustralianversionoftheCreativeCom- monslicenceandinformpeopleabouttheprojectmoregenerallywedecidedto run a conference here in Brisbane in January 2005 on Open Content Licensing: CultivatingtheCreativeCommons.Thechaptersthatappearinthisvolumearea resultofthatconference. Theconferencewouldnothavebeenpossiblewithoutthegeneroussupport ofQUTViceChancellorProfessorPeterCoaldrake.AmongstotherthingsPeter sponsored the visit by Professor Lawrence Lessig of Stanford University Law School,theleaderoftheCreativeCommonsmovement. Thespeakersandparticipantsmadethisconferenceatrulymemorableevent andputCreativeCommonsonthemapinAustralia.Itbroughtmanyofthekey thinkers of the open content movement in Australia and internationally together for the first time, and provided an opportunity for them to exchange views and researchonthisincreasinglyimportanttopic.IamparticularlyindebtedtoJustice Sackville, former Qld Attorney General Linda Lavarch, Richard Neville, Barry Conyngham,TomCochrane,StuartCunningham,MichaelLavarchandofcourse LawrenceLessigforprovidingtheirsupport. SincetheconferenceQUThasbeenawardedanARCCentreofExcellence forCreativeIndustriesandInnovation(www.cci.edu.au)undertheleadershipof Professor Stuart Cunningham, for which I am Chief Investigator and leader of theLawProgram.ACreativeCommonsClinicandCreativeCommonsresearch programfeatureheavilyintheagendaofthisnewCentre.TheDepartmentofEd- ucation Science and Training (DEST) has also sponsored a project – known as theOpenAccesstoKnowledge(OAK)LawProject(www.oaklaw.qut.edu.au)– viii Foreword of which I am Project Leader. The ‘OAK Law Project’ will develop copyright management protocols for Open Access that can be employed by Australian re- searchrepositories. JessicaCoatesandSuzanneLewishavedoneanenormousamountofwork withthe2005conferencecontributorstoeditthepapersprovidedbythemduring and following the conference into polished book chapters. Thank you also to Amy Barker, Susan Hedge and Kylie Pappalardo who assisted us with the process. Keith Done and Sian Haigh gave us tremendous support in organising the conference as did conference assistants Nic Suzor, Damien O’Brien, Amy Barker, Michael May, Amanda Campion-Steele, Cher Bartlett and Elliott Bled- soe. Ihopeyouenjoyreadingthesepapersasmuchasweenjoyedhearingthem. Avideoarchiveoftheconferenceisavailableat:http://creativecommons.org.au/ materials. -February2007 ix A Short Overview of Creative Com- mons PROFESSORBRIANFITZGERALD WHAT IS CREATIVE COMMONS? CreativeCommons(CC)isaworldwideprojectthataimstomakecopyrightma- terialmoreaccessibleandnegotiableinthedigitalenvironment.Toachievethis CreativeCommonsaskscontentownerswhowishtocontributetothecommons tolabeltheirmaterialwithaCCbadgerepresentingthetermsuponwhichthema- terialmaybereutilized:(seethewebsiteatcreativecommons.org)Thisprocessof genericallygivingpermissioninadvance–usemycontentsolongasyouattrib- uteme,orengageinnoncommercialuse,ormakenoderivativeworksorshare yourimprovementswiththebroadercommunity–allowsusersuponseeingcon- tentlabelledwiththeCCsymboltoknowexactly,atthatinstant,whatrightthey have to reproduce, communicate, cut, paste, and remix. The content owner re- serves some rights ofcontrol but eschews the common commercial approach of allrightsreserved. WHO IS BEHIND IT? Creative Commons is a not for profit corporation having its origins at Stanford UniversitynowhavingitsheadquartersinSanFrancisco.TheCreativeCommons conceptwasgivenworldwideimpetusthroughthereleaseofStanfordLawPro- fessor Lawrence Lessig’s book The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World1 in 2001 and is further reinforced by his latest release Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock Down CultureandControlCreativity.2TheinternationaldevelopmentofthebasicCC 1 (2001)RandomHouse,NewYork. 2 (2004)PenguinBooks,NewYork. x
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