One new species and one new record species of Phthitia Enderlein (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) from China

2009·0.33 MB·

Acta Zootaxonomica Sinica, 34 (3): 475- 480 (July, 2009) ISSN 100020739
动物分类学报
ONE NEW SPECIES AND ONE NEW RECORD SPECIES OF PHTHITIA
ENDERLEIN ( DIPTERA, SPHAEROCERIDAE) FROM CHINA
SU Li2Xin1,2, LIU Guang2Chun3*
11ShenyangAgriculturalUniversity, Shenyang 110161, China
21ShenyangNormalUniversity, Shenyang 110034, China
31ShenyangUniversity, Shenyang 110044, China
Abstract Phthitia bicornis sp. nov. is described and illustrated from China and P. glabrescensc isreported from China for the first
time.
Key words Diptera, Sphaeroceridae, Phthitia, newspecies, newrecord, China.
1 Introduction examined weretransferedto small vitalswith ethanol. All
the specimens studied are deposited in Shenyang
ThegenusPhthitia Enderleinwasoriginallydescribed
University, Shenyang.
by Enderlein, 1938 with Phthitia venosa as type species.
Morphological terminology followsthat of McAlpine
Roh‚%cek (1983) revised the Palaearctic species of the
(1981), Marshall and Richards ( 1987), with the
genus(asKimosina), including7species. Munari (1988,
exception of the postvertical, which follows that of
1990) described and illustrated two Palaearctic species,
Roh‚%cek (1998). Absolute measurements are used for
and Marshall and Smith ( 1992) reviewed the non2
body and wing length in millimetres ( mm ).
Palaearctic species of the genus. Up to date, the genus
Abbreviationsused for charactersarelistedasfollows: ad
Phthitia has 44 species in the world (Roh‚%cek, 2001;
= anterodorsal, av = anteroventral, d= dorsal, p =
Papp, 2008), of which 8 species are from the
posterior, pd= posterodorsal, pv = posteroventral, v=
AustralasianPOceanian Region, 15 from the Nearctic, 16
ventral, Cs , Cs, Cs = 1st, 2nd, 3rd costal sectors,
from the Neotropical, 9from the Palaearctic, 3 from the 1 2 3
Afrotropical, and 1from the Oriental. Species of Phthitia R2+3, R4+5= radial veins, M1+2, M3+4= medial veins,
arefoundinwet habitatsin decayingplant materials, and dM2Cu= discal medial2cubital crossvein.
generally associated with cold temperate conditions
3 Taxonomy
(Marshall and Smith, 1992). The genus is identified by
Phthitia glabrescens (Villeneuve, 1917) New record
the following characters: 3 postsutural dorsocentral
to China (Figs1127, 15)
bristles. Mid femur and mid tibia with spine2like short
Leptocera (Limosina) glabrescensVilleneuve, 1917: 141
bristle rows ventrally. Characteristic sternite 10 and
Kimosina (Kimosina) pappi Roh‚%cek,1983: 125
surstylus.
Chinese species of Phthitia are poorly known, only Redescription. Male. Body length 118521193mm,
twospeciesP. plumosula, P. pteremoides were recordedin winglength 118622100mm.
Head. Brownish black. Interfrontal bristles4 pairs,
China. In this paper, two species from Liuppan
Mountains of Ningxia Province are described and upper 3pairslarge and subequal inlengthand thickness,
illustrated, of them one isa new speciesand the other is the lower setula2like, short and thin. Two pairs of
a new record speciesto China. lateroclinate orbital bristles, the lower about 2P3 as long
as the upper, inside and below orbital bristles with
2 Materials and Methods
additional shorter setulae. One pair of postvertical setae
The specimenswerecollectedwith net in Mountains small and distinct, eyes bare. Eye height about twice as
and put inethanol vials. Genitalic preparationwastreated long as genal height. Facial knob slightly projecting,
by clearing in 10% KOH for transparency, then the facial cavitiesshallow. Genal bristlelongand thick, 0143
whole abdomen was moved to cavity slide with glycerin timesaslongasvibrissa bristle, vibrissa about 0182times
for further dissectingand examining. After examination, the distance between vibrissa bristle, 1 genal setula.
sternite 5 and postabdomen were moved respectively to Antenna black, aristal hairs pubescence, the longest
cavity slideswith fresh glycerin for illustrating and taking aristal hairstwice as longas aristal width at base, aristal
photos. Finally, all type specimens and specimens length about 3182 timesantenna. Palpusdark brown.
Theresearch waspartlysupported by specialfundsofLiu2ppan MountainsScientificResearch ProjectandtheNationalNatureScienceFoundation ofChina
(30270187).
* Corresponding author, E2mail: [email protected]
Received9Jan. 2009, accepted26Mar. 2009.
475
4 76 ActaZootaxonomica Sinica 动物分类学报 Vol. 34 No. 3
Thorax. Shiny black. 2 humeral bristles, internal anterodorsally, apical rounded. Lateral part with setose.
one short and small. Only one pair of prescutellar Posterior part situated inside lateral part, posterointernal
acrostichal bristles enlarged, 6 rows of acrostichal bristles margin of posterior part with 1 process bearing 2 thick
on presutural scutum. Dorsocentral bristles 0 (2) + 3, spines. Sternite10with longmesolobusand2wing2shape
postsutural dorsocentral bristles distinct, anterior two sclerites.
subequal, about 1P2 as long as prescutellar dorsocentral Material examined. 6 ` ` , Ningxia, Guamagou,
bristles, 2 presutural dorsocentral bristles usually Liu2ppan National Nature Reserve, 5 July 2008, SU Li2
indistinct. Katepisternal bristles2, theanterior weak, the Xin (SNU).
posterior strong, lower margin of katepisternum with Distribution. China (Ningxia Province); Greece,
hairs. Scutellum black. Scutellar length 0165 times Italy (incl. Sicily), Romania, Yugoslavia (Serbia).
scutellar width, posterior margin rounded triangle. Comments. Phthitia glabrescens ( Villeneuve) is
Scutellar disc bare. 2 pairs of scutellar bristles, basal recorded for the first time in China. P. glabrescens was
scutellar bristles about 0156 times as long as apical redescribed by Roh‚%cek(1983). Roh‚%cek (1983) noted
scutellar bristles. that the type speciesprobably waslost, Roh‚%cek (2001)
Leg. Darkbrown. Baseand apex of fore femur and designated lectotype of the species. P. glabrescens iseasily
base of forebasitarsuspaler brown, therest dark brown. distinguished from other species of Phthitia by following
Mid femur with a rowoffinepv bristles, short spine2like characters: short aristal hairs; posteromedial process of
and dense and double row or cluster on proximal 1P4, sternite 5 bent ventrally; cercus with 1 long bristle,
sparse and small on distal 3P4. Mid femur with a row of surstylus anterodorsally with 1 finger2like process in
spine2likeav bristles on proximal 1P4. Mid tibia with 1 anterior part, and characteristic mid tibia. However,
longad and1pd onproximalhalf, 1 smallad infront of distiphallus(Fig13) in examined specimens is somewhat
longad; 1longad, 1longer d and1 pd on distal half, different from description and illustration of Roh‚%cck
122 small ad in front of long ad, 1 small d in front of 1983 (Fig1886, Roh‚%cck 1983), namely with similar
longer d (the first upper small ad, longer d and pd dorsal sclerite, but the shape and ornament of
arranged in the nearly same level ); 2 small p membranouspart somewhat different.
(respectively at distal 1P3 and predistal), 1 short apical
Phthitia bicornis sp. nov. (Figs18214, 16)
v, subequal toapical a. a row of spine2like, dense and
thick pv bristles near apical, a row of spine2like pv Description. Male. Body length 211522130 mm,
bristles on distal 1P4. Mid basitarsus with 1 setula2like winglength 210722126mm (Holotype Body length 2130
ventral bristle at proximal 1P4, somewhat longer than mm, wing length 2126mm).
Head. Brownish black. Gena dark brown near
ventral setulae, but indistinct.
Wing. Pale brown. veins brown. Costa ending at vibrissal angle. Interfrontal bristles4 pairs, upper 3pairs
apex ofR . Cs with denseand longsetae, 2bristlesat large and subequal in length and thickness, the lower
4+5 1
setula2like, short andthin. Lateroclinateorbital bristlesin
base ofCs , oneslightly shorter thanthe other. CsBCs
1 2 3
2pairs, onepair about 1133 times aslong as the other,
= 1114. ApexofR lesssharplybent uptocosta. R
2+3 4+5 inside and below lateroclinate orbital bristles with
sinuate tocosta. M and M overpassingdiscalcell as
1+2 3+4 additional shorter setulae. One pair of postvertical setae
pigmented processes, of which pigmented process of small and distinct. Eyesbare, eye height about twice as
M is 3 times aslong as width of dM2Cu cross2vein,
1+2 longas genal height. Genal bristle large and distinct, 1
M3+4 9timesaslongaswidth of dM2Cu cross2vein. MB genal setula. Genal setula 1P2 as long as genal bristle,
dM2Cu = 2133. Vein anal sinuate. Alula small and genal bristle0161 timesthe vibrissa, vibrissa bristle about
narrow, roundedapical. Halter greyblack, apex of knob 0168 times the distance between vibrissa bristles. Facial
with slightly white. knob slightly projecting, facial cavities shallow, facial
Abdomen. Length 0190 mm, width 0156 mm. lower margin dark brown. Antenna black. aristal hairs
Preabdomen dark brown, postabdomen brownish black. pubescence, the longest aristal hairs 3 times as long as
Syntergite 1+ 2 dark at posterior margin and pale in aristal width at base, aristal about 3 timesantenna.
medial basal part. Postabdomen slightly bent ventrally. Thorax. Black. Scutum with brownish black or
Synsternite 1+ 2 simple and medial basal part pale, dark brown posterolaterally. Humeral bristles2, internal
sternite 3 subequal to sternite 4, posterior margin of one short and small. Only one pair of prescutellar
sternites 3 and 4 pale. Sternite 5 shiny black, acrostichal setae enlarged, 6rows of acrostichal setulae in
posteromedial margin with 1 process, apical part of the front of suture. Dorsocentral bristles 3, postsutural 2
process bent ventrally, posterior margin of sternite 5 dorsocentral bristles subequal, about 1P2 as long as
membraneous. Epandrium with sparse and long bristles. prescutellar dorsocentral bristles. Katepisternum bristles
Cercuswith a long bristle and several setulae. Surstylus 2, the anterior small, theposterior strong, lower margin
with three parts, anterior part with 1 finger2like process of katepisternum with hairs. Scutellum black, 0175times
July, 2009 苏立新等: 中国刺足小粪蝇属一新种和一新纪录种 (双翅目, 小粪蝇科) 477
as long as width, posterior margin rounded triangle. scutellar bristles about 0176 times as long as apical
Scutellar disc bare. Scutellar bristles 2 pairs, basal scutellar bristles.
Figs1127. Phthitia glabrescens, male. 1. Midtibia anteriorly. 2. Midtibia dorsally. 3. Aedeagusandassociatedsclerites, laterally. 4.
Genitalia laterally. 5. Externalgenitalia caudally. 6. Surstyluslaterally. 7. Sternite 5ventrally. Scale bars: 125, 7= 011mm, 6=
015mm
Leg. Brownish black. Mid femur with fine pv bristles, dense and double rownear base. Mid tibia with
spine2like bristle row, dense and thick and cluster near 1moderate long ad and 1 pd (slightly shorter than ad)
base. Mid femur proximal 1P4 with av row of spine2like on proximal half, 1 small ad in front of longad; with1
4 78 ActaZootaxonomica Sinica 动物分类学报 Vol. 34 No. 3
long ad, 1 longer d and 1 long pd on distal half (3 on distal half, dense and thick; fine av spine2like bristle
bristlesarranged in oblique line), 1 small ad in front of row, dense and thick near apical. Mid basitarsus with 1
longad, 1 smalld infront oflongerd; 2p (respectively setula2like ventral bristle at proximal 1P4, somewhat
at distal 1P4 and predistal, the predistal seta2like); with longer than ventral setulae, but indistinct.
apical v, itslength 7P5apical a; spine2like pv bristlerow
Figs18214. Phthitia bicornis sp. nov., male. 8. Mid tibia anteriorly. 9. Mid tibia dorsally. 10. Aedeagusand associated sclerites,
laterally. 11. Genitalia laterally. 12. External genitalia caudally. 13. Surstylus laterally. 14. Sternite 5 ventrally. Scale bars= 011
mm.
July, 2009 苏立新等: 中国刺足小粪蝇属一新种和一新纪录种 (双翅目, 小粪蝇科) 479
Wing. Pale brown, veins brown. Costa ending at rounded. Lateral part with setose. Posterior part situated
apex ofR . Cs with longand densesetae, 2bristlesat inside lateral part, posterior inner part with 1 thick spine
4+5 1
base ofCs , oneslightly shorter thanthe other. CsBCs and1longbristle. Sternite10with short mesolobusand2
1 2 3
= 1110. R apically lesssharply bent up tocosta. R wing2shape sclerites.
2+3 4+5
Femal. Unknown.
sinuate to costa ending before tip of wing. M and
1+2
Holotype ` , Ningxia, Dongshanpo ( alt.
M overpassing discal cell as pigmented processes, of
3+4
2100m), Liu2ppan MountainsNational NatureReserve,
which pigmented process of M is 6 times as long as
1+2 27 June 2008, SU Li2Xin ( SNU). Paratype 1 ` ,
width of dM2Cu cross2vein, M 9 timeswidth of dM2
3+4 Ningxia, Heshangpu(alt. 2100m), LiupcanMountains
Cu cross2vein. M: dM2Cu= 1194. Vein anal sinuate.
National Nature Reserve, 23 June 2008, SU Li2Xin
Alula small and narrow, apical rounded. Halter grey
(SNU).
black, apex of knob with slightlywhite.
Etymology. The specific name / bicornis0 is from
Abdomen. Black or brownish black. Anteromedial
Latin language, which refers to surstylus with anterior
half part of syntergite 1+ 2 pale yellow, tergites 3 to 5
part with two horn2like processesanteroapically.
black on posterior margin. Postabdomen slightly bent
Distribution. China (Ningxia Province).
ventrally. Synsternite 1 + 2 pale brown medially,
Comments. This new species is similar to P.
posteriorly brownish black, the rest brown, sternites 3
occimosa and P. plumosula in following characters:
and 4brownishblack, sternite5black. Abdomenlength:
surstyluslateral part, posterior inner part, anterior outer
width = 116. Sternite 5 with 1 small process bearing
process, but differsfromP. occimosa and P. plumosula in
setose on posteromedial margin, membranous on
surstylushaving2 horn2like processesin apical margin of
posterior margin. Epandrium with dense and short
anterior part. Small and apical rounded lateral processat
bristles. Cercus with several long bristles and short
anterior part posteromedially, not at anterointernal corner
bristles. Surstylusthree parts, anterior part with 2 horn2
of lateral part.
like processes anteroapically, and 1 small lateral process
on posteromedial margin of anterior part, and apically
Figs115216. Wing, male. 15. Phthitia glabrescens 16. Phthitia bicornis sp. nov.
Acknowledgments We are very grateful to Professor University), who gave much helpful advice. And Dr.
ZHANG Chun2Tian and Professor WANG Ming2Fu DONG Hui ( China Agricultural University) for her
( Institute of Entomology, Shenyang Normal invaluable help in this study.
4 80 ActaZootaxonomica Sinica 动物分类学报 Vol. 34 No. 3
Munari, L. 1990. Una nuova species diKimosina Roh‚cek 1983 raccolta
REFERENCES nellpaeroplancton delLido diVolano(DeltadelPo). BollettinodelMuseo
CivicodiStoriaNaturalediVenezia, 39 (1988): 67270.
Marshall,S. A. and Richards, O. W. 1987. 93. Sphaeroceridae. In:
Papp, L. 1973. Sphaeroceridae (Diptera) fromMongolia. Acta Zoologica
McAlpine, J. F., Peterson, B. V., Shewell, G. E., Teskey, H.
AcademiaeScientiarumHungaricae, 19: 3692425.
J., Vockeroth, J. R. andWood, D. M. (eds.), ManualofNearctic
Papp, L. 2008. New genera of the old world Limosininae (Diptera,
Diptera. AgricultureCanada Monograph No. 28, Vol. 2. Minister of
Sphaeroceridae). Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae, 54
Supply andServicesCanada, Ottawa. vi+ pp. 99321006.
(Suppl. 2): 472209.
Marshall, S. A. andSmith, I. P. 1992. Arevision oftheNewWorld and
Roh‚%cek, J. 1983. Amonographandre2classification of thepreviousgenus
Pacific Phthitia Enderlein ( Diptera, Sphaeroceridae, Limosininae),
Limosina Macquart (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae) of Europe. Part Ò.
including Kimosina Roh‚%cek, new synonym and Aubertinia Richards,
Beitr¾gezur Entomologie, Berlin, 33: 32195.
new synonym. MemoirsoftheEntomologicalSocietyofCanada, 161: 1283.
Roh‚%cek, J. 1998: 3143. Family Sphaeroceridae. In: Papp, L. and
McAlpine, J. F. 1981. Morphology and terminology, Adults. In:
Darvas, B. (eds.), Contributionsto aManualofPalaearcticDiptera.
McAlpine, J. F. etal. (eds.), ManualofNearctic Diptera, Vol. 1.
Vol. 31, Higher Brachycera. ScienceHerald, Budapest. pp. 4632496.
ResearchBranch AgricultureCanadaMonograph. 27pp. 9263.
Roh‚%cek, J., Marshall, S. A., Norrbom, A. L., Buck, M., Quiros,
Munari, L. 1988. Contributo alla conoscenza delle Spelobia Spuler 1924 e
D. I. and Smith, I. 2001. World Catalog of Sphaeroceridae
Kimosina Rohacek 1983 di Sicilia e Sardegna, con descrizione di una
(Diptera). Slezsk†Zemsk†Muzeum. Opava., 1902198.
nuovaspecie (Diptera, Sphaeroceridae). Bollettino del Museo Civicodi
StoriaNaturalediVenezia, 38(1987): 59272.
中国刺足小粪蝇属一新种和一新纪录种 (双翅目, 小粪蝇科)
苏立新1,2 刘广纯3*
1. 沈阳农业大学 沈阳 110161
2. 沈阳师范大学 沈阳 110034
3. 沈阳大学 沈阳 110044, E2mail:[email protected]
摘 要 记述了中国刺足小粪蝇属 Phthitia Enderlein 2种, 新 刺足小粪蝇P. glabrescensc, 研究标本保存在沈阳大学。
种为双角刺足小粪蝇 Phthitia bicornis sp. nov. , 新纪录种为指
关键词 双翅目, 小粪蝇, 刺足小粪蝇属, 新种, 新纪录, 中国.
中图分类号 Q969146315
* 通讯作者.