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Fungal Diversity ‘On two remarkable brown-spored agarics from Kerala State, India Mlaehiel F, Noordeloos!”, K. 1, Vrind? and P. Mlaninohan® Detienal Hear ofthe Asters, 2. O, Bex S14, 20U RA Loin, “be Astrea Plan Seen aie Dis, opel ulsrsal Garon eal Ress ali be le, 9 36 eral, nda Depart wf Levit of Cala, Kets FS 658, nk Naulgos, ig Neal Kate Blinky DGOTE Ow fag erable ganas sna age sos Kerala Stet. “adia. Fungal Deity 27: HSI ‘Two bowm-spoted agatiss ers dosvod Som Kscala State, Tabu vivre ik dessibed a sina oeesunt ul the bli zee ensleraiom shen brie el rey large, socvlital spores, Busod ou colkctios of Panacoae rombigparna Hong rk iis pion is cuted sagging Gil ay wel tl tbe ey words Agarioaen Raisins, Paeaontea rhambipentia Ti introduction ‘Ths study of ugaries in the Asian region has ineronsed in recent years (Antonin and Buck, 2006, Nuytinek rt ad., 2006, Tan et a, 2007), including si.cies from Jndsa, The agavie Hoa o!’Kerata state, India, seems to be very tich, Reeontly several smifics on a ammber of genera have beon published. for inamce, on Hvmenagaricus Heinem, (Heinewanm and Little Flower, 1984), Mucrapsalliota Thihn. (Teinerann une Teelavatly, 1991), Fitatoma (Pr) P. Kumi. (Maninishan ef al, 1995, 2006), Psilocybe (Pr P. K.vnn, (Towns et al, 2002), Agrocyie Fayod (Taomas and Maniawhan, 2003}, Cortinarius (Wers.} Gray (Peinener et a. 2003), Crvmuopitus P. Karst. (Uhomas et a, 2003, Tenvious Fr, (fanimohin ¢ al. 200%, Hygrecyhe (Fr) P. Kumrn, (Leslavathy er ad, 2006), amd Phareus Tr. (Pradeep and Vrinéa, 2006), revealing nernerous species new tp science. The curren. paper describes and discusses wa remarkable beowen-spoved agacies found in the state ‘Comosnealg aba Vil Nouba, las ‘Materials and methods The descriptions ure based exclusively on wterial collected front the Tiold, Microscopic charactes were studied on the esh mates and studied in a 3% aqueous potassium hydroxide sokution, Spare mcasurements aro hasod on 20 observations, Color eames given im invertad comas ame! colour cuss given in brackots refer 9 Komerup and Wanschor (178), All gulleesions smdied are ‘deste inthe National Fesbariun of she NethesTands (10, Yaxonomie part Tabara sreseens Nowréel & K.T. Wi pn. iy LPL Myton 11187 eg: Hoe Latinas = gs. bing sue go “prt he et ay sh ba ‘Peas rm ans eed xn acai, es yep tne eminent serra gh we lever treme res om Conse dosrsice eviews dona grssvantea oes 320° 3 wm nor Stews rsmers erties be stones. Spe RISA TSG pm sun case muse, vosnamaes. pea, traces nove se por gemunaae, Borde 303) 79 jou cha, teonjote Bibs sus athens Rogelio 902 Sin en rae Titers vl Lomita ser cham Prec 108 "1021 eo, fis sone sl ark iba nl hese cen esd soe 9 be Chnate pigment. Coogi 2029 2) ganas vel va ah int Fils sien. ey pa Toopes DIAG heron Sune Thy Dir, Pls, Rt Canpot fe 200 1B. inde TBOTSC TL Pifeus 820 nm dtm, ‘nilly canes, Bovaming pine or nsiny 30 olen with a fallow pression, sith dese. Falls plea. arg infundibulvorm;_sueface "brownish orange [5C3),_bronze-bos “inolenm brown (7), off brow (S47). sanoorh and glabrous fo tae male ye, but slightly squanmlosz vnccr leas, slightly shiny when wet. otherwise dry. Siler cracking, lo expose the imferlying ‘dll yellow? GRY) soe ele Zamelige wig with hinetiue oF aiirent lens, cmwdel, docu, tlangular 10 venttcose, up to 3 tna binad, ofan forked. o¢ sliultely imsrveined, “wae yellow’ (388), ‘com’ GBS}, "umber volo’ Hi or un yellow? QA), gradual humging 0 geyish bron (2H) oF ‘hare’ (206) svhon mane, inmeditely turing fpeteock gros! (27D) on eurng oF bruining. with cimeokinn age. Sipe $20 1-3 an, nmt'y-eeceute Sonpetimes cena, curved. tee or compressed tapering dssinwand, iiialy soli, becoming fstlose to hollow, with a wiits mycelial mat atthe bass; sarfice cinnamon browa! (106), smmbunn (ODS), or cov brown (6), paler 146. Fungal Diversity Fig A. Pahari virwans, AL Hi the Sires Ce Risin. Be Chlngstsh Pletogystidia.FBlorert of pleipli: Bar ~ 104m, 147 Plate (Pia searans A. Ratha ta Be spe (a IN um. Fungal Diversity atthe upper pat, fibvilose-stiato, slimy. Veil nbscar, Coniex thin, ‘all yellow" (GBD, unrning hue ow eutting, up wy 2 mon wide, sol. Oiler strony, but pers, Spore-print nvwnish drange (SD), Spores BS-IS3(LS} 35-4.5(5) jm, subeylindrical to. subfusifocan yellowish brown. smooth. thin-walled, imamloid, without germ pote. Basidia 3030 < LSD um, clavate, -spored. fuamedla-edge heteromorphos Cheilocystidia OST % 45-10.5 um, subeytinarieal, Fusorm or, lngeniforr, Uhinewalle, hyline. Pévwracestidie scattered Hen on sides and ages a the Tamelise, 60-103 * 10.5-21 pm, broadly lusiloem with obtuse to subacute apices, with a thin or slighay chickened wall, Hymenoptoral frawa regular, campasod of thin-walled, ayaliae 45-12 jm wide hyphae, occasionally with incrusle pigment in firm pt spinal thickenings. Pileipelts 1 Iransiion helen sents and a trichoderm, mule up of brovenonerusied, 4-9 urn wine hyphae vwith cylindrical to slighty inflated terminal elements. Piteivama ceaular, mece ‘up of composed 3-15 um wide, thin-walled, slightly gclatinised hyphae Snpinpeltis x eutis oF 48 ym ies, thick-walled, inerusted!hyphite Canfocrtiia 20-70 % 39 yun, eytindrical to eylidrieg-slavate,thin- or slightly Uhickesvale, i tally, Champ conmectivns bent dso Un groups, on moss-coveted soil around exposed living tas oF aoe, with a white mycelial mat av the base Know distribiicn Kerala State, India Merit eranined INDIA, Kerala le, emycaraal open: Sel Palak, HGH Campust 6h. 200, K. B, inde, TAGTSIGT tholggper 19 tay 2900, KB. Vend THMGTS 17, (Jui, 1, Wed, KSI SKF Notes. ‘The genus Taluria (W.G. Si) Gillet is charactzriaod by seal mostly omphsingid hasidiocamps with brownish colours, decurrent lamlie, rmealivin brown, thin- to slightly thick-walled, smocth spores without germ pore, presence of cheiloeystidi, and a differentiated pileipeis in the foro a ‘lis a transition between a cutis and urchoderm (Singer, !9N6). As such itis classified in citaer tac Comtinariacese R Heim cx Panzer ar Crepidotaceae Singer, Although Yibaria soccies cocur wide-spread, aud probably ac ‘ostmopoTiui, og knowlege inthis group is still Hite, and. even in Furype, where the genus is culuively welllenown (Kthner und Romaynesi, 1983 Moser, 1984; Llorak, 2605), identilicacion os offering ciNliculties, sinee most tans ace very similar in macroscopic and microscopic characters. Onls a few recurs of Fvbavia species re known from the Indian subsontingst, Hennings (1901) described four species (Twhari asperata Hoan, T. congperse (Pers) Tayeal, 7. finfuracen (Pes.) Gillet and T. suhutinpurensie Men.) including town new species. Later Watling and Gregory (J980) recarded another species IE. auocithona (Berk, & Broom) Seec.| and Natarajan and Reman (1933) recorded two more spories [Y: disperse (L.) Singer and 7. pentstemonis Singer 149 ‘While smdying the curent material, it bocame obvious that it amst beloug to the yonns Tubeio oo accinmml al the charnelerisien given abuve, nd ‘canmidering the Teel Owl nt Teas Cinur striking chamctens diflerentinte eur spouies From the known taxa, viz. the blue-green staining of the ult bodies. presence of plenocystidia. clamp-less hyphae, and the reletively larac, ellipsoid co subeylindrical spores, it was coeided ty deseribe it as a mew species, All the nibove-mentioned species roconded from Thalia differ, aevorting to the original devcriptins, hy Having, such seller. dilTesenlly Sage spores. and the lack of ‘a green-blue discoloration, The blue-greea s.aining ceminkls of some species of Pslieeybe (Guzmin. 1983; Noordeloos, 1999). which differ, howeves, by having darker colowzod spores with a cistinct ge-m poto, We could noe vevity whither psilacyhine or reed eamnpounds ane frusenl in er species. Mseven a Blue-green staining ean also be eased hy oxidation pragsnses when the Suit, bodies are damaged, like for example in the genus Leceinam (Bakker and Noardsloas, 2005), Panacolina rhombisperma Her 20, Mom, Shiga Uni. 23:38. 1973. Fig. 2.912) Bapidiomate sevall, Piles 4-12 mm diam, hemispherical, conico- companclate or convex, sometimss with « small umbo; wita incurvod then decurvec, cotite, sometimes fissile margin, strongly htverophanous, fil tnunsluvently serie at margin, unifarmly dake brown (SPS). beccning, brown CAPT} om deying, Finely pubescent Ws ulwost amath, dull, Ve absen, Fansedie unequal with Lave Ienelhs of lamellulse, ewaced to moderately distant adnexed to aimost fice, up to 3 mm broad, brown (OE. 625), camming dark brown [2h4, 75, 8F4) with age, slightly mottled, with white, fincly Fimbriste edge. Stipe 64.3 0.5.2.5 mmm, ventral, teste, equal, hollows urange shite (A2), suvely “Desh (613), entirely pubescent, turning reds hivwe oi borusing. Comfexr up to LS mum thick, whitish. Qdewe none. Spore-peiat not brane Spores 10-12.5 % 8-11 5 ym, thomboid m9 rodalose-submguta, dark- own, partially ciwolonred hy conenteauel TSO, chi’e-wale, wil a sal bout distine. getm-pote, Basie 17-30 ~ $10 jam, cplindelea-clavace 0 clavate rnostly with 3 median consuetion, 4-spored: steriamata up 1 3.5 pm long Leanollavedge sterile, Cheilocystidia 20-58 * 5.5-85 ym. in dense clusters, flecuase to monilifarm, often with 4 sw em ase al a subeapitate apex, thin= wwelleg, hyaline, Pleumaeyitidia wine, Tymenephoral up of 2-19 gun vide, inllated, thin-walled Type with yale yellowish Drs. ‘well, Peipeliis an epithelium of subglobosc to globose clements, 18-43 ¥ 14.5. 29 jum with hyaline to pale yolow wall. with scattered to clustered 150 Fungal Diversity pilcocystdia, 23-68 » 6.5-11 jun, similar co cheiloeystidias subpollis a comaact yer af namie, Tight yellowish hriwn hyphie having occasional gnimular tencrustations, well separated Fim tat. Palesirama regular mice up a sh inilatod elements 4-28 um wide, with thin, hyaline 4a pale yellow, sometines finoly enerustod walls. Stipiipettis = entis of 2-8 um wide. thin-walled, pale yellowish brown hyphas, with yecasional grimular enerustations. Covlovysridia 17-103 X 5.5-9.5 yn either scattered o in hnge bundles throughout the stipe surlive, Sinilar to cheiloeystidia, chin-walled, Wyaline. Stpiieamae inade up of parallel, 25-22 im wide, thin-walled, pale yellowish Drown hyphae occasionally with gramular cnciustarious. Clamp ‘councetioas prcscat in all parts, Pabst: On eleplont clung, entered ier oan INDI, stale Sie Wyatt, Pky: 1 Chobe 989, KA, Thor, 75384: 18 Oetsbor 1996, KAA Thos T3386 28 Deter 1999. K.A, Thomas TEs Otohor 1998, A, Hina ‘Nores: These collections are strikingly similar to the original Ceseription fof Panacclina rkombisperna from Japan in slmost ll characters, andl thoy form the First rend of this enigmatic species Irom the India suhcontinent, Tloweser, the description given hy Hongo (1972) is seanyy and na mention is rade about tae solubuliy of the spore pigment, the presence of a genm-pote, ‘nd the ocurtenec of piloo-and caulocystifis, Linforemnately. Hongo's material ‘ull ny be pbtsined on kas, This is the sevond record of this species, although some unpublished ‘noes and sketeles by Van Overeem in the herbarium of Bagor, suggest tha it ‘might have beon found in Indonesia (Holak, 19801. to the o-iginal publication Hungy (1973) indicted thar the special eruciform-shombuid sponc-shape was Similars those found in Pterospora arracianea Metal or Crcispara rauroriaides B. Horak. Wwever, he decide tp place it provisionally i the genus Prva Maine, Later, Worak (1980) recambined Pumueaions Phombisperina in Ciueispora E. Hocak, Despre thts, the present auchors da not think chat both species are congencric. Although superficially the spore: resemble these wl C. naucortidey T, Torak trum Nev Zealand, those oF the Tater ick a germ-pore, und the other mnuctoseopie anal microscope elvuraters are very diflecent, on particular the presence of veil and the rugose-veined puleal surface with hymenidermsl structute, whieh suggest that Horak’ species may well be a member of the Aporicaceae Cheval, whereas the chaniciers of Panaeotina rhowbisparme suggest aFinity with the Copriuiceae Overeaen & Oy and Weese, The authons tested the reuctin the spores in concentrated IIS Found that they lade distinelly. Spares oF typical Panaeobina species, however do not fade in H.SO,, chuzetor used by Singer (1986) to scvarate the geuns Panacelina ftom Coprinys Bors, and Psashyretla Us.) Quel According to 153 Singer (19861, some speciss in section Laerymaria Pat, may dave «slightly homhoill ar subangular appearance, and rhese/vod spores are als kc ta cour in ther Coprinareae. Curently the taxonomy pt Coprmaceae is under revision, and se Feet tha. recombining the epithet rhombiyperma in Psatieelta cannot be made svichout additional molecular studics. Acknowledgements ‘Thanks ae cis «9 Dr K. Agtsrions Thor fo Ivinging i ellesrons one a Lusratias ol Faceotne rhomspernw wo our ale, Me. AzsWalsnleSt sey Hae x puting th ie das Refer Aare, ¥ ar Hayek I CMD} Aasiniy camel, Marana sae) m Mage dhe Massuonss Furgal Diets 23. 1250 ‘Buber, ILC. at Nourdelses SUL. 2008) A revision of Luropecn species 2 Ceccna Gray fd tes en culo spies. Peso 1851-88 Gua. 6.0983) The Genus Psitocrbe: A Systemats Revinon of the Know. Specie Tcvaing the Hints, Dobdaation ant Choriiiy of tw Billaionsas Speck, Lsitente horas’ rer, Vice Geni insane Tike Phe, (1900 former gure Kenda nd oS Lan. 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Noun Kel Res B19, Soh Tvlen Aeron, Baan My 203 Moan MIM, (08. Keys agai ren fv Rage Pillip, Toe Ist