On the reproduction of capitalism - Louis Althusser

319 Pages·2014·2.64 MB·English

LOUIASLT HUSSwEaRbs o rinnA lgeirn1i 9a1a n8d idnFi readin nc e
1990H.e t augphhti losfoormp ahnyyy e aarts EtchoelN eo rmale
SupieeruirnPea rainwsda asl eadiinntge lilnte hcFetr ueanClco hm munist
ParHtiybs.o oiknsc lFuoMdrae r x; Read(iwnigEt thCi aeBpnainlteia; bl a r)
OnI deoPlool,iuat;nHi dic sst ,o\1royn:t cRsoquusiseA1euaa,ru 1x,\1; a cl1iavelli
anUds a;n Tdh Sep eceftH uergee l.
On thRee roduction
p
ofC aitalislll
p
IdeolaongdyI deologSitcaAatplep aratuses
LOUISA LTHUSSER
PREFABCYEE TEINNE BALIBAR
INTRODCUTIOBNY J ACQUBEISD ET
TRANASTELDB YG . GOSHGARIAN
M.
VERSO
London• NewYo rk
ThiEsn gfoh-lJ1e1dgiut.i1poguneb lisbhyeV de rs2o1 114
TL1nsLi£:t iGo.nM . Goshgar2i(a)n1 4
Firpsutb lisahseS du rl ar eprod1w1011
,:G:P.re ssUensi versitdaeFi rraensc 1e9 95
Prefa£:c Eetienl:lnael ib2a1r1 14
Introduc£:t JiaocnquBeisd e2t1 114
'IdeolaongdyI deologSitcaatAlep paratufsierassp'tp eariendL ouiAsl thusLsce1r1.<i 1111P1! dt ilosoplt)' a11d
OtltEscsra yst.r amB.e nB rewster. LNoenwd oLne.tB to oks1.9 71T.h et ranslahtaisbo ene nm odified.
'IdeolaongdyI deologSitcaatlAe p paratutsreasn,s'l ation
1;;Be nB rewst1e9r7 11.9 942,U 14
Allr ighrtess erved
Them orarli ghotfst hea uthohrasv bee ena sserted
135719118642
Verso
UK:6 MeardS treeLto,n doWn1 FO EG
US:2 11JSatyreeStu,i t1e1 11B1r1o,o klyNnY, 1 12111
W\V\Vv.e rsobooks.con1
Versiost hei mprionftN ew LefBto oks
ISBN-139:7 8-1-78168-1(P6B4K-)11
ISl:lN-139:7 8-1-78168-1(6H5B-K7)
e!SBN-1937:8 -1-78168-2(1U5S-)9
eISBN-1937:8 -1-78168-5(2U4-K2)
BritiLsihb rarCya taloguiinnPg u blicatDiaotna
A catoagluer ecorfdo trh ibso oki sa vailafbrloemt heB ritiLsihb rary.
LibraroyfC ongresCsa taloging-in-PublDiactaat ion
AlthusLsoeuri.1s 9.1 8-19.9 11
[Sulrar eproductEinognl.i sh]
On ther eproductoifco anp ital:ii dsemo lo.gmydi deologsitcaaatlpe p aratIuL soeusi Asl thus;s er
prefabc,eE- tien1n3ea l;i bianrtroducbtyiJ oanc quBeisd e:t translbavtG e.dM .G oshgarian.
pagecsm
"Firpsutb lisahseS du rl ar eproduct[icoonp.y rIiP grhets sUensi versitdaeFi rraensc 1e9 95."
Includiensd ex.
ISBN9 78-1-7li881- li14 -I1( pbk:.a lkp.. ip-erI)S 139N7 8-1-78168-1(6h5a-r7d b:aa clkk p.a per)
1.P roduct(iEocno nomtihce or2y.)M arxi.emc onomi3c.s C.a pital4i.sS mt.a tTeh.e .5 .S ocial
conflicIt.T. i tle.
HB241.A5613 21113
335.142'- dc23
211131133117
TypesientB embob yH ewerT extU K LtdE,d inburSgcho,t land
Printiendt h e US byM apleP rses
Contetns
ForewAolrtdh:ua sntsdhe 'erI deological
StaAtpep arabtyEu tsieesBn'anb leai r Vll
IntrodAuncI tnivointt:aoR t eiroeAnal dt husser
bJya cqBuiedse t XIX
EditSoortibeaJy la cqBuiedse t XXlX
Transil�a�tbooyGtr .e'A1 s. G oshgarian XXXlll
To2\1 yR eaders 1
1.W haItPs h ilosophy? 10
2.W haItas M odoefP roduction? 18
3.T hRee produocftt hCieoon nd itoifPo rnosd uction 47
4.B asaenS du psetrructure 53
5.L aw 57
6.T hSet ate 70
7. BRreimeafro knts h Peo liatniAdcs aslo ciative
IedoloSgtiacAatplep araotftu hFsere esn ch
CapitSaoalcFliio srtm ation 94
8.T hPeo liatniAdcs aslao tciIivdeeo oglical
State Apparatuses 130
9.T heR eproduocftt hieo nR eolfPa rtoidouncst ion 104
10T.h Ree produocftt hRieeo lna toifo ns
ProduacntRdie ovno lution 184
11F.u rtRheemarr oknsL awa nd RIetalsi ty,
thLee gIaedlo liocSgatlaA tpep aratus 164
12O.n I dleoogy 171
I
it.
Contents
VI
Appen1d:Oin xt he Proiftm hRaeec lya tions
ofP roductitohPner oodvueFcrot ricvees 209
Notoent hIeS As 218
Appen2d:Ii dxle oogaynI dd oelogSitcaAatplep aratuses2 32
Index 273
FOREWORD
Alhtussaenrd t he' Iedoliocgla
StaAtpep artauses'
EtienBnael ibar
JacqBuiedasen ttd h Per esUsneisv erdseFi rtaahniacrvieeen s v miett eocd o ntribute
ana dditiinotnraotldto uh csete iceoodnni det Afil otnh upsossetrh'uspm uobulsilsyh ed
booSkul rra e prodwuhcittcihheo ynpf,um btl iins19 9h 5e. Sdi ntcheet nh,eh raes
besetne daedmyaf notdrhb eo oIak m.t oucahnhedod n obuytr heiedni vri taantdi on,
amv ehrayp tphyta hthe ayva ec cebpywt aeeydaf ,c ontrtitobh ueetniitroe nra p rise,
tetxhtia nsto atb solnuetwbe,el cyai wutas wser istotmeteni amgeao n hda asl ready
bepeunb liaslhbneeodiit,ntF renIcithts .h p er etfhaIacw ter oftoAerr iAezlolua­
layH'esb rterawn sleatfth cieho anfp rtoAemlr t hutsesexentrt 'i'stO lIned de ology'.1
Id on owti sthom odiiftyT. I r1eea istsoh nIa w ta asl retaryditynfo go rmultahtee
questthiIaom tny ssh ealvafeb otuhcteo nstarnuidcm tpiloinec afan et nisoentmshb el e
mosstt ripkair?fnwt gh iicslh,i i kotern otth,de i scuefs tsh'ieIo dne oSltoagtiecal
c
ApparateuvseaensIsw 'a,ds o imnybg e tsort e caanrldel c ontshcteir ruccutm stances
ef thtee xcto'msp oasnipdta iroptnui balli fcoairstt oih o anp;pt ehnIasw ta rsa ther
cloassesloywc iibtaohtt eIahd l. ws eol ctohomepe p orttaous nsiotocyuri rea atdeefi ngs
Althwuisatsc heo rl lwehaogosuweewn o r(kw hbiecahir nps a,r tiocntu h'lerna ord,e
ef produ?fct thiveoi nsm'u1 ahslo) l adnis m porptlaaicnntet hfi ee ledcf o ntemporary
c
'theaonrywd'h ,o sefjojigruh stat ttih cseei ef dt eh Pea lespteionopiplapenr, be ys sed
thset aeftI es riaisen ml y,v ieqwu iatdem irTaibwcltee r.et Afal itnh uwsosrekrs',s
prodiunacv eeddry f ffecroennttthei axsbtt,y n ofwo,r yteyab reshu isns,dh osueledm
top eohpelarene id no thpelraa ccersto hs,esr.; ltoobb eae ni ntelmloercaatnlud a l,
polirteiscoiausIlrt, ch eia nl ko,vl eelsycs h?foi ns tt0r1uyl,y .
2
1 TeAlv iRve,s l2i0n0g3,.
2 Seees .pb,y A rieAlzloau lTaheyC ,i vCioln torfPa hcotgt rhoaypN,e w YoZrokn,e
Book2s0,0 A8tt;ad iS taI'taol.c -ssItrialc1i9l6ac7,- 20S0t7:of rotioag rdacfiolcclapw' azionc,
MilaBrnu,Mn oo ndaidE odrit2o0r0ea8,n; td h peo e'mNo usso mmteosdu esps a lestiniens'
[We araelP la lesst,]wi rniitatnenIs wrihaneevnla G daezidan2 008a-v9a,i almtae bdliea part.
fr/c lub/blog/ariella-azoulay.
Foreword
Vlll
Int hper esbernipter afec fIed ,on owta nttom akaed etaciolmemde n­
taornyA lthutsesaxebtro 'Iusedt o logSitcaAatpelp ara[tIuS,sAn esos]w
transilnatHtoee bdr foerw tfhietr ismtIe nr. e sptoonar s eeq ufersotm
ArieAlzloau, wl haoymIv erwya rmtlhya fnoksr o liacc iotnitnrgi bution
froma nmtedh ewna itpianttgil feyoni rtI w, o uslidm lpiltkyoe of fre a
fwe remaarbkostu htte e xstt'aastn utdsh c eo intdiuonndswe hri icwtha s
produced.
Ib eliiectva en s abied thahtab set choiamsne wd,ti erlxeltm aoinne,
ofi tasu thmoajro'wrso r.kI sitso noef t hotshea tv ea sser reeafr ence
poiwnhte init as q uesotfci hoanr actheitsrh iozuiognnhgmet o ;b ilizing
conctehpbatet a r'sep rhsiossni agln' aa tnuidris em mediraetgcenoliyz a­
blea s (hhise r'eIe,do logSitcaaAtlpe p aursaetasn'd' ideioclaolg
internpe'el;ll saetwih'oetrhee, epistekm'o',ls oygmipctaolm atbirce a
readainnsdgo 'o ,n )f;i naolnlteyh ,ca to ntpeoamrrpyh iloisno phtyh e
structuproaslti-ssattl rliouisrccnt ote nu tritnowu oeroskn 3 Y. e itts st atus
-evewnh,ei nt i�se rceiodnn sctiohnet oefaxf tr agmeunntfairnyi,s hed
anlda rgpeolsyt hutmeo-xiutass l togpeatrhacedarol x.i
Tob egwiintw hh,i tcehx tw ea rteaa lbkoiuntg? t hGmeio vdeanl ities
ofi trse leaanrsdee - reiltei amispseo ,st soai sbsliieatg u nn iqiudee ntity
todoary toi tbtsorn uadcaerw iietcshe rtaOintn htceyo .n twreah rayv:e
tor eciathlsil s taonirdny s ciritinv b aiero upsra,t icaolmlpye etnisn­egm
blseosa st ou nderhsotwai nittsd h atc otmhmee ntiahtra eisle isc ited,
whitcohd aacyc poamny pirtei sbotcerhr w ea iyt r eiacsd ab,ne s od iver­
gent.t eTtxhrtea nslated coimnptroCi hsHaeeps1bt r2ete,riw t 'lOend
Ideoyl'oo,tfg hpeo sthuvmooluutsmh eJa atc qBuiedesed ti atneidds sued
in1 995f,i yveea artfseA rl thudsesaeTtrhh'i.iss sa r easocnhaobilcee ,
sinicte gtihrveee asad cecrte oasv se rsbiootcnho, h earnecdno tm plete,
ofA lutshsaeurt'osn odmiosucsuo sf,ss pieocni ifdiecoalYloleigytwty, a . s
noatt iantl hlfi osr tmh att etwxhates inrietliebaalfesloeyrbd ee ing
repritnrtaendsi,ln avttaoer di ous alnardne gaaudnad dgi essc,uT shsee d.
fierdsitt wihoinic,nh i taipaplelaaysra c eodn tritbou tjtiuohorennLa a l
Pens(eneo1 .5J 1u,n1 e79 )0a ntdh eansa c hapitnte hrbe o oPko sitions
(PaErdiist,Si ooacnlise1 s796, ,) u ndert itt'hdlIeee o loetga ipep areils
ideologiquesp oduu'rnE rete acth e'(rw,Nca ohbstoe et)sh lionnagse­r,
mucahsi ptr eftahcteeh de oorfty h' eme cahniosfim d eolwoigtayhn'
argumaebno'tuh tter eprodoufc tctiohdonein t ioofpn rso dounca'tn,id ,
att he samaen a tbriimdevg,ee rdso ifio tnos w n uamregnIttw. a s
preseans't meadud peo ft weox trfarcoatmnso ngositnugtd hywa'et r e
3 Seef,o re xamplJeu,d itBhu tleTrh,P esy chLiifcoefP oweTrh:e oirnSi uebsjo enNc,etw i
YorkR,o utledg1e99,7 .
Foreword
IX
beisnugb mittoot tehdfe ordrsi scuSsisnitcohenoe .n gositnugwd ays
nevfeirn iasnhwdea dns o ptu bliisnih taesud t 'hlsoe irtfiwmhei,tl hee
debaotcaecs iobnyte hdee x trwaacvste srl yi vaenlsdyu bstaan tial in
numboefdri e frfecnotu ntrisisa etfsoae, s siuttmh meao ts cto mmentators
wilclot nintuore e efrt ot h'iishs tovreircsI'is ohna.tl hle,r esfaoyr e,
sometahbiontughtc e i rcumasntcdaa nucseteshs ii msob fri oog.l
JacqBuiedsie nth ,ic sr itaincpdah li loliongtircoadlsu actythsia otn ,
theerxeit swtvo e rsoifo nctsoh mep lmeatneu socfr' iDlepsa t u psetrruc­
turfer'ow mh icthh eesxet racttasnk .Bew oetraher u en finished. The
first, ap1p05rp oaxgiemsa wtalewsolr nyig t,it nMe anrh c-Arpi1l69 9.
Thsee cosnodm2,e0 p0a gleosni gus,n daitrtee dv;ai nsadeus mg entthse
fitrT.sh e1 790P enpseieem caed,ue p o fe xtrfarcoCtmhs a p3t( e'rT he
Reproduocftt hiCeoon nd itoifPo rnosd u'c,)Ct hiaopn4t( e'rB aansde
Supsetrru'c,)Ct huarpe6t( Te'hrSe t tae,C' h)ap9t( e'rTR heep roduction
oft hRee latoifPo rnosd ucatniCdoh na'p)1t 2e( r' OInd eoyl',lo) iges,
Bidseutr m'iossmeesw,h beertew teheen vteswrioso 'in,nd nedpeenotfl y
thceu ,tc sondensaanatddi doennsd maa rtikhtA a.ltt lh iiissn compre­
hensibldeon oietfx pwlweah ialnte A dl thutsors eelres auscapeh a rtial
montraagteth heaartn e txhtwa at's oc mptl'eeb,u t unf-iannids,h eidn
facutn,f inishable.
Toe xpltahiawnte h, a vteog ob actkot hwea yA lthuislslenre'sss
(whitchphes ycrhiicsaattlsal ' emadn ic-deppsryecshswoiasbvsieo s u'n)d
upw ithp otlhiect iirccaulm osftt ahdneac Iye.nMs a yJ-un1e69 8a,tt he
timoef 'tehvee tnhtAaslt't huhsismesdree lsfc raitfbeterhd fec,a t a,sa n
'ideorleovgooiflc tamt lah seos feys o ung ipne ostpchlheeso yoslt em')
,4
hef ouhnidm sdeolufb,tn lobetysa sc ciidneac n lti,in niP caa r siusb urb,
whehreew ausnd ergtorienagt fmoerdn etap reespsiisvDoeudi rent.gh e
treathmeew natsc, uo tff frowmo rtolhudet sitdheme.o nIttnhh sa t
folloawfettdea,rk t ihnmege asouftr hese i gnicfhiacnaignntet hss e o cial
situaantpdio olni ticali nFa rtamnoacsnepd h earber otardy,ti on ga nd
intetrhperiert miena nctiohnuegro sfs eo metdiimffeisdc iuslctu ssions
witahn umboefhr i fsr ieanndsdst udseonmtoesfw , h omh atda kae n
moroer alcetspisav irentt hmeo vement, pArlotphotusomse asdkae e r
contriobfhu iotswi not noaw ortkh einnp rogbryre estsu rtnoqiunegs ­
tioonfMs a rxtihsetob raeyr ionngt hree latbieotnwse' ebnaa sned
4 LouAilst hu'sAsp erro,pd oe!s ' ardteiM cilcehV eelr rseuMtra ie tundtiL'aa,
Pensneeo1,. 4 5J,u n1e69 9S.e e Aalltshou lsestettroeM' rassr ia-AnMtaocnciheittoac chi,
whicMha cchiopcucbhliii snhL eetdt dearltele 'rnidone l aP LCoIsu A itl/11R1osmsee,r ,
Felitnrel1l9i6T,9h .e lseet wteerrneso rte prodiuntc heFedr enocrEh n lgiesdhi toifo ns
thes amweo rk.
x Foreword
sueprsctteruu'Ar. g rotuopw hichto o,bI e,l on(gaeldwo intgPh i erre
MacheRroegyeE,rs taCbhlreits,Bt aiuadne alnoMdti ,c hTeolr hta)d ,
setotuiftnr gon mo taenspd u blic inftreotrmhvp eer neitcniepgode nrsi od,
underttoap kreonda uc coel lect(iavocerc dwitonorg pk tl haienwt ,a t so
bev oluminoutsh)e oooftrn hys e ct hhsoeyo slit nce ma pistoacli(ietsthtye
capi'tmaolodiefsp tr odounc.'It )nip artiwceuh laaddre ,c itdoue sdae
termintohliaontgc yl tuhdneeo dt ioof'n hssoc lafsotr(impc'a ttaefrtneerd
'ocmmodfiotryim n' ftihpreas rott fC apiatna'd0s clahsoatpipca ratus'
(pattaefrt'neaserttda e p aprast'iun M arxE'isg htBereunmtaefhi Lroeu is
Bonapaanrhdti eos t h'epro lwiotri'k.c)Is atwl a s eaetgdhr atth etsweo
elabor(aotuiaronsndA sl tsheursw'osu)lb dec onfroAn ctoemdm.o n
doctwraisn es utpoep moesrefgdre ot mhc eo fnrontIawtta iosou snre. n se
thwaetc omprised lsiokmeoe rtaihngi innga lt hsocuhwgoihottlh ionf
'WestMearrnx'iT shmes. t rainktdeh sme a ss msoovceimaeolnf 1t 69s8
antdh e folmloonwtihhnassgd p rtehaiedd oena Mtahrex Lietstf th at we
wereen tearn ienwrge voluctyicolnea rtybh raiton nfgc u onudladm ental
changesc.o mWphaewrnie tdh cltahsems oidceahllos w,e vaec rret,a in
numboefdr i efrfenlceeatspo tt h eey e(.T hpeuy't ot rhodMoaxr'x ists
sucahAs l thucsosnevrio,nf c eptdrh iem oafcc lysa tsrsu agngtdlh ee polit­
icaolrlgya nwiozrekdem rosv'e meinnat t ,i cksliitosunha.N t)oi t only
werteh 1e69 8s truagfegfcltetishn cego turnioefts h' es aolcciiasmtap n'd
th'eac pitcaalmiapsl'ti f kreoC,mh ina tChzrceohuogshl oFvraaekn,ic a,
GermaannIydt atloPy o lafnrdot,mh U en itSetdat toBe rsa tzhiela;yl so
assiogrna,etl d e assete,mt eoad s sail gena,dr iontlgoe' neswo cial move­
menst'i,nc lutdhsietn ugdm eonvte m(eenvtse ennc doasrcyh sotould ents
hamdo bil,ii znre edl)awtiittohhn oe v ecrrtio sfmi ajso 'ra uitthaorrian'
institsuutcaihso nstsch heo aonltdsh fea lm.yiF rohmi fsi rwsitd ely
debaetsesdoa nyA,sl5 t huhsaasdte tra gcrheeadt imtpodo ervtealnocpei ng
th'eMa rxtihsetoo'fri yd eoolreo vgeypn r oduact ihnegfro ormys cratch,
witavh i etwor efouonrdr iencgo nsthriuscttmoiarntigec railTa hliiss,m .
tob es urgea,vh ei tmh iem pretshshaietco onu alcdc ofuotnrht e novelty
of ptohlei pthiecnaolmo efhn iads a yA.tt hsea mtei mheo,w evietr ,
presehnit(me adnu dsa sw ell)a c whiatlhli wetan nsgo eet a tsoyt aukpe
ina ni ntelelnevcitruoainlnm cernnegtal ssyti rabiynt ehpder oelriafting
diviisniitoronr ecotnecnidleaonbfpcl oiele isot rigcaanli azlcallt ai­iomns
intgob eM arxaiatst ti,mw eh emna n'yic tritchareliow'se trse inlcyr easing
taktihnegdi irs tfarnorcmeee fr entcoMe asr x.6
5 Abovea llF,o r A1ar(xL ondoAnl,l eLna ne1,6 99,a) c ollectofie osns awyrsi ttferno m
196to11 695t hawta sf irpsutb lisihneb do okf ormi nF rencihn 1 695.
6 MicheFlo ucauletv'osl utiiostn y picianlt hirse garIdt.h adb roughhti mt o