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On the doctrines of Hippocrates and Plato, Third Part: Commentary and indexes PDF

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CORPVS MEDICORVM GRAECORVM EDIDIT ACADEMIA BEROLINENSIS ET BRANDENBVRGENSIS CVM ACADEMIIS HAVNIENSI ATQVE LIPSIENSI V 4,1,2 GALENI DE PLACITIS HIPPOCRATIS ET PLATONIS EDIDIT, IN LINGVAM ANGLICAM VERTIT, COMMENTATVS EST PHILLIP DE LACY COMMENTARIVS ET INDICES EDITIO ALTERA LVCIS OPE EXPRESSA ADDENDIS ET CORRIGENDIS AVCTA IN AEDIBVS ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARVM GALEN ON THE DOCTRINES OF HIPPOCRATES AND PLATO EDITION, TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY BY PHILLIP DE LACY THIRD PART: COMMENTARY AND INDEXES SECOND EDITION AUGMENTED AND REVISED AKADEMIE VERLAG Dieser Band wurde im Rahmen des Akademienprogramms der Bund-Lander-Kommission für Bildungsplanung und Forschungsfórderung mit Mitteln des Bundes (Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung) und des Landes Berlin (Senatsverwaltung für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kultur) gefordert. ISBN 3-05-004194-3 ISSN 0070-0347 © Akademie Verlag GmbH, Berlin 2005 Das eingesetzte Papier ist alterungsbestandig nach DIN/ISO 9706. Alle Rechte, insbesondere die der Ubersetzung in andere Sprachen, vorbehalten. Kein Teil dieses Buches darf ohne schriftliche Genehmigung des Verlages in irgendeiner Form — durch Photokopie, Mikroverfilmung oder irgendein anderes Verfahren — reproduziert oder in eine von Maschinen, insbesondere von Datenverarbeitungsmaschinen, verwendbare Sprache übertragen oder übersetzt werden. Druck und Bindung: Druckhaus ,, Thomas Mintzer‘, Bad Langensalza Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany CONTENTS Abbreviated references... 6 2 2 2 2 2 oon n 9 Introduction . . . .. 4.4. 2. 4 νιν νιν νι νιν νιν ιν κι νι νιν νι νι soon n 12 I. The sources for the text... . . ee 4 4 4 4 s νιν νιν νιν νιν κι νων 12 A. Manuscripts, editions, emendations . . . es 12 1. Manuscript Hamilton 220... 2 4 . 4 ne 12 2. Manuscript Marcianus 284 2 . 22e 18 3. Manuscript Mosquensis 67 . © 2 ne 19 4. The Aldine edition . ... .... c 21 S. The manuscripts of the excerpts. . 6 1 2 ee ee ee 24 6. Manuscripts Cantabrigiensis Caius College 47/24 and Laurentianus 74,22.... . 31 7. Editions after the Aldine . . 2... .... ee νιν νιν νιν νι νον 35 8. Emendations made by modern authors. . . 2 . 7 1 ss 36 B. Indirect tradition. . . 1 1. 4. l.l ll lll 39 1. References to the title... .... ee 39 2. Other testimonia . . . . . 4 ee os 40 a) Galen... . 2 2. 2 2 4 s ee ooo mo s A 40 b) Oribasius . . . 4. 2 2 2 l4 eeehoo moon s 4l c Nemesius of Emea . . . 22s 41 d) Renaissance forgeries . . . . 2 2 2 4 ees 42 e) The Arabic translation (by G. Strohmaier) . . .. ss 42 f The Latin translations . 2. . 2... 46 IL. Composition of PHP... . . 2 2 2 2 2 ll or nn ÁG A. Date of composition © . . . 4 2 lSo oo n n 46 B. The plan of PHP... . . . 2l e n n s 48 C. Morphology, syntax, style . . 6 2 4 2 2l er 51 D. Quotations from otherauthorts ... rs 55 1. Hippocrates . . . ee 55 ἃ. Plato 2 . «νὸν 4 4] 56 3. Chrysippus . . 4 4 2 e hos eor ros s 57 4. Posidonius... . . . . 2 4 νὸν 44S. 57 JU. Editorial conventions. . . . . . . ee 58 A. Critical notes 2 0 . . 4 2 ll 4 4 νι νιν νιν νιν oos os . 58 B. Division into books, chapters, sections . . . . les 59 Text and translation... . 2 ll s looe or one 61 BooksI-V . . . 1 . . 2 4 4 4 2 4 4 e 4 νιν νιν νιν RS Son os s 6ά VI Contents Additional sources for the text 2 ..... ln 611 Corrigenda 2 6 . . 2 2 4 4 e leoνον κι νον 615 Commentary . . . . . 2 2 s 4 4 e ΕἸ hoo. oho os 616 BookI ...........^....^.2.^2.252425252525^5252552^2.2525252^52525 616 Book]. . . .. . .. 2 2 4 s s s εν νι νυ νιν νι νιν νι νιν 623 Book WI ................^.2-.2.2.-.2522.252522D5^525^5^52^25.^.5 635 BookIV . .. .... ee 641 BeokV . . . . . . 4 4 4 4 νιν AE ee 650 BookVIl . ............2.2.22.2.2422222525252952292555 659 Book VII ... .. .. . 4. 4 e e νιν νιν νιν νιν νιν νιν m oS one 673 Book VII. . . . . .. . 4. 2 4 2 s s el e zo. S... oe 682 BookIX 2.0. 696 Indies . . . . 4... 4 4 le s RR Roos 709 LIndex nominum. . . . . . . . . 4 4 ll e e 4S. S.S. 709 ILIndex verborum . .. ....... ee 718 Tl. Index locorum a Galeno exsciptorum © . 2222s 829 Addenda et corrigenda (by D. Nickel) . . 2n 832 ADDITIONAL SOURCES FOR THE TEXT 1. P. Mon. Gr. Inv. 329, published by D. Manetti, Ricerche di Filologia Classica 1 (1981), pp. 115—123. Fragment of a papyrus codex, dated A. D. II—ITI, containing portions of PHP I, pp. 88.20—31 and 90.12—22. At p. 90.21 the pa- pyrus has περ! in agreement with C2. Otherwise it agrees with C, except at p. 88.26, where it has ἐμ[φύονται and at p. 90.19, where it has Ἰυμαι. éu[p may be correct, as it is accompanied by both εἰς and ἀπό; for the confusion of ἐμφ and ἐκφ in C see the critical note to p. 94.15. Ἰυμαι, as Dr. Manetti points out, is either a mis- spelling of οἶμαι or the remnant of some other verb, perhaps ἡγο]ῦμαι. If the latter, it may replace the two words γὰρ οἶμαι. The combination γὰρ ἡγοῦμαι does not occur elsewhere in PHP. Dr. Ann Hanson has identified P. Berol. Inv. 21141 as ἃ fragment continuous with P. Mon. Gr. Inv. 329. The new fragment contains parts of lines 29—31 on p. 88 and of lines 20—22 on p. 90. Dr. Hanson is preparing an edition of the two fragments. 2. To p. 30. Yalensis 234. The scholia to Galen that are found on folios 177—198" of this manuscript were edited by P. Moraux, Unbekannte Galen- Scholien, Zeitschr. f. Papyrologie und Epigraphik 27 (1977), pp. 1—63. They contain five excerpts from PHP: PHP Yalensis 490.12 ὀνομάζεται — 30 οὐσίαν 44.765—46.91 Moraux 490.32 ἕκαστον --- 492.2 προσαγορεύομεν 45.91—93 Moraux 496.16 τὸ μὲν --- 21 τεττάρων 49.221—50.226 Moraux 566.19 τὴν διαιρετικὴν — 21 διαφορῶν 18.249—252; 49.205—207 Moraux 566.23 ἔμπαλιν — 26 ἰόντι 18.252—254; 49.207—210 Moraux They also contain two passages that are similar to passages in PHP: 360.22 16.200—201 Moraux 536.28—29 28.512—513 Moraux The title of PHP appears as Περὶ τῶν καϑ' Ἱπποκράτην καὶ Πλάτωνα δογ- μάτων on pp. 9.21—22; 46.93—94; 49.211; cf. 18.255. On pp. 9, 49, and 50 there are errors in the ascription of excerpts to PHP; these errors suggest that the scholiast did not have the full text of PHP before him. Moraux reports (p. 3) that the same scholia are found in Paris. Gr. 2147, and that the Paris ms. is & copy of the Yale ms. He dates Yalensis 234 in the 14th century, Paris. Gr. 2147 in the 16th. The excerpts in Yalensis 234, as edited by Moraux, exhibit the following textual variants: 612 Additional sources 490.13 ἐκείνου τοῦ πράγματος om. 490.14 ‘rou! om. 490.14 ἐστὶν om. 490.14—15 <4) [τοῦ] uépo[v]s] τὸ μέρος 490.16 ἡμῶν om. 490.16 διαλεγόμενοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους] πρὸς ἀλλήλους διαλεγόμενοι 490.17 τέτταρα καὶ εἴκοσί ἐστι] εἴκοσι τέσσαρά εἶσι 490.18 ἔστιν om. 490.18—19 ὕδωρ τε] καὶ ὕδωρ 490.19 τοῦ] τῶν 490.20 γὰρ om. 490.20 τὸ om. 490.20 μόνῃ δὲ ἡ] ἡ δὲ 490.24 μέρη δὲ] μέρος δὲ αὐτῆς 490.24 TOT — 25 ᾿Αχιλῆος) τὰ λοιπά 490.25 τὰς om. 490.27 ἐκ] ἐν 490.28 ἑαυτοῦ] ἑαυτῶν 490.30 ἄτομον] ἄτομόν γ᾽ 492.1 χωρῇ] ἐγχωρῇ 496.16 τεττάρων] τεσσάρων 496.16 ἰσοπλεύρων om. 496.17 τὸ δὲ ἑξάεδρον τοῦ κύβου] τοῦ κύβον δὲ ἐκ 496.17 ὀκτὼ] ἐξ ὀκτὼ 496.18 γε om. 496.18 εἴκοσι] ἐξ εἴκοσι 496.18—19 πάλιν ἐπισκοπεῖται) ἐπισκοπούμενος δὲ ᾿Αριστοτέλης 496.20 καὶ om. . 566.19 τὴν — 20 διττῶς] τὴν διαιρετικὴν καὶ συνϑετικὴν Seopíav ὁ Πλάτων κελεύει γεγυμνάσϑαι διττῶς p. 18.249—50: ἡ διαιρετικὴ καὶ συνϑετικὴ ϑεωρία περὶ ἧς γεγυμνάσθαι κελεύει Πλάτων διττῶς p. 49.205—206 566.20 κατ᾽. αὐτὴν om. 566.20 γενικωτάτου)] γεννηκωτάτου p. 18.251 566.21 δεχόμενα] ἐπιδεχόμενα 566.23 δ᾽] δὲ p. 18.252: om. p. 49.207 566.24 μὲν om. 566.25 ἐπὶ ϑάτερον ἐναλλὰξ] ἐναλλὰξ ἐπὶ τὸ Sárepov p. 18.264: ἐναλλὰξ ἐπὶ ϑάτερον p. 49.210 3. To p. 31 note 1. Dr. V. Nutton, John Caius and the Linacre Tradition, Medical History 23 (1979), p. 388 n. 87, reports that many of these corrections were incorporated in Caius’ Opera aliquot et versiones, Louvain, 1556. 4. To p. 37. A copy of the Basileensis, Vol. I, in Marsh's Library, Dublin, contains on pp. 303—342 annotations by Theodore Goulston, 1572—1632. Some of these annotations are followed by the letters Reg or Re, apparently referring to ἃ manuscript now lost. Dr. Nutton informed me of the existence of these annotations and sent me his notes on them. I was subsequently able to confirm, in part from the volume itself, in part from microfilm, the readings assigned Additional sources 613 to Go(ulston) or Re(g) in the app. crit. The assistance of the National Library of Ireland, Dr. Nutton, and Mrs. Muriel McCarthy, Assistant Deputy Keeper of Marsh's Library, is gratefully acknowledged. 5. To p. 46. Aba Sa‘id ibn BahtiBü', Pi hall masd@’il wa-Sukük swila *anhá wa-wufübi n-nazar ‘ala t-tabib fi l-ahdàti n-nafsüniya wa-fi kauni [- δαὶ maradan ("About the solution of some problems and doubts put to him and about the physician's duty to study what is going on in the soul and about the fact that love is an illness"), cf. M. Ullmann, Die Medizin im Islam, Leiden, Kóln 1970, p. 110, edited by F. Klein-Franke, Über die Heilung der Krankheiten der Seele und des Koórpers, Beirut, 1977. This tract contains five excerpts from PHP: PHP Ibn Bahtisü' 168.4 "Ort — 7 καϑίδρυται 33.14—17 (transl. 63) 278.14 ὁ δ’ "Αδμητος — 18 ἐκεκρίκει 50.5—8 (transl. 83) 424.21 “Ὁμήρου — 33 εὔλογον 50.10—14 (transl. 83) 480.4 Περὶ — 7 ἐξευρεῖν 34.2—5 (transl. 64) 518.26 Ταύτην — 31 λέγειν 26.1—6 (transl. 55) Three textual variants are to be noted: 168.5 μὴ om., ut vid. 424.21 'Oufjpou (uóvov) μνημονεύσω] I think it best to restrict myself to what Homer said 518.27 τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ] and the adherence to the rule (wa-luzüm al-qünün) (424.31 δι’ ἐρωτικὴν ἐπιϑυμίαν is not missing, as it appears from the German translation.) (518.31 μηδ’ is not missing, as it appears from the German translation; read ‘ala tarkihi, “for omitting”, instead of ‘ald barakati, “fiir die segensreiche Mühe- waltung".) There is ἃ further reference at least to the title, but it is doubtful whether the matter that follows this reference is derived from PHP. 'The passage reads (45.6—12; transl. 77): “You know — may God reward me with your presence for ever — that the specific parts of the soul are three, i. e. the rational, which belongs to the brain, the angry, which belongs to the heart, and the concupiscent, which belongs to the liver, and that this is the opinion of Hippocrates and of the majority of the philosophers — Plato spoke about it and it is what Galen demon- strated in the book “The opinions of Hippocrates and Plato’ — and that each of these three parts has movements and aims, and when one of them exceeds the state of its movements or deviates from its aims, it causes something outside the natural state and harms the person first in the organ which is peculiar to that part, and afterwards, if its damage continues, it harms some other of the remaining organs." — It is possible that the Galenic source for this passage was in either the lost portion of PHP I or the lost tenth book mentioned by Hunain and Rhazes (see above, pp. 42; 44—45). But it is also possible that the passage is an interpretation and expansion of PHP VII 3.2—3: pp. 438.28—440.8, where Galen mentions the power and the work of each of the three principal organs. The power produces ἃ movement, and the work affects both the organ itself and the other parts of the body. Galen also speaks of the damage caused by excessive motion in the third organ. An interpreter could readily take the work 614 Additional sources (ἔργον) of an organ to be its end (τέλος); cf. Aristotle, Metaph. O 8: 1050 a 21: τὸ yàp ἔργον τέλος. Grateful acknowledgement is made to Dr. V. Nutton for information about Caius, Goulston, and Abt Sa‘id ibn Bahtisü'; to the officers of the Marsh Library, Dublin, for permission to examine Goulston's copy of PHP and to have it micro- filmed; to Dr. G. Strohmaier for preparing the entry on ἀρὰ Sa‘id; to Dr. F. Rusch and the Computing Center of Northwestern University for making possible the compilation of a machine index on which the Index nominum and Index verborum have been based; and to Dr. Kollesch and her colleagues at the Akademie der Wissenschaften der DDR for their patient assistance at all stages in the prepa- ration and publication of this volume. Barnegat Light, N. J., U.S.A. Phillip De Lacy April 7, 1981

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