On the doctrines of Hippocrates and Plato, Third Part: Commentary and indexes

232 Pages·2005·6.117 MB·English

by  Philipp deLacy (editor), Galenus

CORPVS
MEDICORVM GRAECORVM
EDIDIT
ACADEMIA BEROLINENSIS ET BRANDENBVRGENSIS
CVM ACADEMIIS HAVNIENSI ATQVE LIPSIENSI
V 4,1,2
GALENI
DE PLACITIS HIPPOCRATIS ET PLATONIS
EDIDIT, IN LINGVAM ANGLICAM VERTIT,
COMMENTATVS EST
PHILLIP DE LACY
COMMENTARIVS ET INDICES
EDITIO ALTERA LVCIS OPE EXPRESSA
ADDENDIS ET CORRIGENDIS AVCTA
IN AEDIBVS ACADEMIAE SCIENTIARVM

GALEN
ON THE DOCTRINES OF
HIPPOCRATES AND PLATO
EDITION, TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY
BY
PHILLIP DE LACY
THIRD PART: COMMENTARY AND INDEXES
SECOND EDITION
AUGMENTED AND REVISED
AKADEMIE VERLAG
Dieser Band wurde im Rahmen des Akademienprogramms der Bund-Lander-Kommission
für Bildungsplanung und Forschungsfórderung mit Mitteln des Bundes
(Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung) und des Landes Berlin
(Senatsverwaltung für Wissenschaft, Forschung und Kultur) gefordert.
ISBN 3-05-004194-3
ISSN 0070-0347
© Akademie Verlag GmbH, Berlin 2005
Das eingesetzte Papier ist alterungsbestandig nach DIN/ISO 9706.
Alle Rechte, insbesondere die der Ubersetzung in andere Sprachen, vorbehalten. Kein Teil dieses
Buches darf ohne schriftliche Genehmigung des Verlages in irgendeiner Form — durch Photokopie,
Mikroverfilmung oder irgendein anderes Verfahren — reproduziert oder in eine von Maschinen,
insbesondere von Datenverarbeitungsmaschinen, verwendbare Sprache übertragen oder übersetzt
werden.
Druck und Bindung: Druckhaus ,, Thomas Mintzer‘, Bad Langensalza
Printed in the Federal Republic of Germany
CONTENTS
Abbreviated references... 6 2 2 2 2 2 oon n 9
Introduction . . . .. 4.4. 2. 4 νιν νιν νι νιν νιν ιν κι νι νιν νι νι soon n 12
I. The sources for the text... . . ee 4 4 4 4 s νιν νιν νιν νιν κι νων 12
A. Manuscripts, editions, emendations . . . es 12
1. Manuscript Hamilton 220... 2 4 . 4 ne 12
2. Manuscript Marcianus 284 2 . 22e 18
3. Manuscript Mosquensis 67 . © 2 ne 19
4. The Aldine edition . ... .... c 21
S. The manuscripts of the excerpts. . 6 1 2 ee ee ee 24
6. Manuscripts Cantabrigiensis Caius College 47/24 and Laurentianus 74,22.... . 31
7. Editions after the Aldine . . 2... .... ee νιν νιν νιν νι νον 35
8. Emendations made by modern authors. . . 2 . 7 1 ss 36
B. Indirect tradition. . . 1 1. 4. l.l ll lll 39
1. References to the title... .... ee 39
2. Other testimonia . . . . . 4 ee os 40
a) Galen... . 2 2. 2 2 4 s ee ooo mo s A 40
b) Oribasius . . . 4. 2 2 2 l4 eeehoo moon s 4l
c Nemesius of Emea . . . 22s 41
d) Renaissance forgeries . . . . 2 2 2 4 ees 42
e) The Arabic translation (by G. Strohmaier) . . .. ss 42
f The Latin translations . 2. . 2... 46
IL. Composition of PHP... . . 2 2 2 2 2 ll or nn ÁG
A. Date of composition © . . . 4 2 lSo oo n n 46
B. The plan of PHP... . . . 2l e n n s 48
C. Morphology, syntax, style . . 6 2 4 2 2l er 51
D. Quotations from otherauthorts ... rs 55
1. Hippocrates . . . ee 55
ἃ. Plato 2 . «νὸν 4 4] 56
3. Chrysippus . . 4 4 2 e hos eor ros s 57
4. Posidonius... . . . . 2 4 νὸν 44S. 57
JU. Editorial conventions. . . . . . . ee 58
A. Critical notes 2 0 . . 4 2 ll 4 4 νι νιν νιν νιν oos os . 58
B. Division into books, chapters, sections . . . . les 59
Text and translation... . 2 ll s looe or one 61
BooksI-V . . . 1 . . 2 4 4 4 2 4 4 e 4 νιν νιν νιν RS Son os s 6ά
VI Contents
Additional sources for the text 2 ..... ln 611
Corrigenda 2 6 . . 2 2 4 4 e leoνον κι νον 615
Commentary . . . . . 2 2 s 4 4 e ΕἸ hoo. oho os 616
BookI ...........^....^.2.^2.252425252525^5252552^2.2525252^52525 616
Book]. . . .. . .. 2 2 4 s s s εν νι νυ νιν νι νιν νι νιν 623
Book WI ................^.2-.2.2.-.2522.252522D5^525^5^52^25.^.5 635
BookIV . .. .... ee 641
BeokV . . . . . . 4 4 4 4 νιν AE ee 650
BookVIl . ............2.2.22.2.2422222525252952292555 659
Book VII ... .. .. . 4. 4 e e νιν νιν νιν νιν νιν νιν m oS one 673
Book VII. . . . . .. . 4. 2 4 2 s s el e zo. S... oe 682
BookIX 2.0. 696
Indies . . . . 4... 4 4 le s RR Roos 709
LIndex nominum. . . . . . . . . 4 4 ll e e 4S. S.S. 709
ILIndex verborum . .. ....... ee 718
Tl. Index locorum a Galeno exsciptorum © . 2222s 829
Addenda et corrigenda (by D. Nickel) . . 2n 832
ADDITIONAL SOURCES FOR THE TEXT
1. P. Mon. Gr. Inv. 329, published by D. Manetti, Ricerche di Filologia
Classica 1 (1981), pp. 115—123. Fragment of a papyrus codex, dated A. D. II—ITI,
containing portions of PHP I, pp. 88.20—31 and 90.12—22. At p. 90.21 the pa-
pyrus has περ! in agreement with C2. Otherwise it agrees with C, except at p. 88.26,
where it has ἐμ[φύονται and at p. 90.19, where it has Ἰυμαι. éu[p may be correct,
as it is accompanied by both εἰς and ἀπό; for the confusion of ἐμφ and ἐκφ in C
see the critical note to p. 94.15. Ἰυμαι, as Dr. Manetti points out, is either a mis-
spelling of οἶμαι or the remnant of some other verb, perhaps ἡγο]ῦμαι. If the
latter, it may replace the two words γὰρ οἶμαι. The combination γὰρ ἡγοῦμαι
does not occur elsewhere in PHP. Dr. Ann Hanson has identified P. Berol. Inv.
21141 as ἃ fragment continuous with P. Mon. Gr. Inv. 329. The new fragment
contains parts of lines 29—31 on p. 88 and of lines 20—22 on p. 90. Dr. Hanson
is preparing an edition of the two fragments.
2. To p. 30. Yalensis 234. The scholia to Galen that are found on folios
177—198" of this manuscript were edited by P. Moraux, Unbekannte Galen-
Scholien, Zeitschr. f. Papyrologie und Epigraphik 27 (1977), pp. 1—63. They
contain five excerpts from PHP:
PHP Yalensis
490.12 ὀνομάζεται — 30 οὐσίαν 44.765—46.91 Moraux
490.32 ἕκαστον --- 492.2 προσαγορεύομεν 45.91—93 Moraux
496.16 τὸ μὲν --- 21 τεττάρων 49.221—50.226 Moraux
566.19 τὴν διαιρετικὴν — 21 διαφορῶν 18.249—252; 49.205—207 Moraux
566.23 ἔμπαλιν — 26 ἰόντι 18.252—254; 49.207—210 Moraux
They also contain two passages that are similar to passages in PHP:
360.22 16.200—201 Moraux
536.28—29 28.512—513 Moraux
The title of PHP appears as Περὶ τῶν καϑ' Ἱπποκράτην καὶ Πλάτωνα δογ-
μάτων on pp. 9.21—22; 46.93—94; 49.211; cf. 18.255. On pp. 9, 49, and 50 there
are errors in the ascription of excerpts to PHP; these errors suggest that the
scholiast did not have the full text of PHP before him. Moraux reports (p. 3)
that the same scholia are found in Paris. Gr. 2147, and that the Paris ms. is &
copy of the Yale ms. He dates Yalensis 234 in the 14th century, Paris. Gr. 2147
in the 16th.
The excerpts in Yalensis 234, as edited by Moraux, exhibit the following
textual variants:
612 Additional sources
490.13 ἐκείνου τοῦ πράγματος om.
490.14 ‘rou! om.
490.14 ἐστὶν om.
490.14—15 <4) [τοῦ] uépo[v]s] τὸ μέρος
490.16 ἡμῶν om.
490.16 διαλεγόμενοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους] πρὸς ἀλλήλους διαλεγόμενοι
490.17 τέτταρα καὶ εἴκοσί ἐστι] εἴκοσι τέσσαρά εἶσι
490.18 ἔστιν om.
490.18—19 ὕδωρ τε] καὶ ὕδωρ
490.19 τοῦ] τῶν
490.20 γὰρ om.
490.20 τὸ om.
490.20 μόνῃ δὲ ἡ] ἡ δὲ
490.24 μέρη δὲ] μέρος δὲ αὐτῆς
490.24 TOT — 25 ᾿Αχιλῆος) τὰ λοιπά
490.25 τὰς om.
490.27 ἐκ] ἐν
490.28 ἑαυτοῦ] ἑαυτῶν
490.30 ἄτομον] ἄτομόν γ᾽
492.1 χωρῇ] ἐγχωρῇ
496.16 τεττάρων] τεσσάρων
496.16 ἰσοπλεύρων om.
496.17 τὸ δὲ ἑξάεδρον τοῦ κύβου] τοῦ κύβον δὲ ἐκ
496.17 ὀκτὼ] ἐξ ὀκτὼ
496.18 γε om.
496.18 εἴκοσι] ἐξ εἴκοσι
496.18—19 πάλιν ἐπισκοπεῖται) ἐπισκοπούμενος δὲ ᾿Αριστοτέλης
496.20 καὶ om. .
566.19 τὴν — 20 διττῶς] τὴν διαιρετικὴν καὶ συνϑετικὴν Seopíav ὁ Πλάτων
κελεύει γεγυμνάσϑαι διττῶς p. 18.249—50: ἡ διαιρετικὴ καὶ συνϑετικὴ
ϑεωρία περὶ ἧς γεγυμνάσθαι κελεύει Πλάτων διττῶς p. 49.205—206
566.20 κατ᾽. αὐτὴν om.
566.20 γενικωτάτου)] γεννηκωτάτου p. 18.251
566.21 δεχόμενα] ἐπιδεχόμενα
566.23 δ᾽] δὲ p. 18.252: om. p. 49.207
566.24 μὲν om.
566.25 ἐπὶ ϑάτερον ἐναλλὰξ] ἐναλλὰξ ἐπὶ τὸ Sárepov p. 18.264: ἐναλλὰξ ἐπὶ
ϑάτερον p. 49.210
3. To p. 31 note 1. Dr. V. Nutton, John Caius and the Linacre Tradition,
Medical History 23 (1979), p. 388 n. 87, reports that many of these corrections
were incorporated in Caius’ Opera aliquot et versiones, Louvain, 1556.
4. To p. 37. A copy of the Basileensis, Vol. I, in Marsh's Library, Dublin,
contains on pp. 303—342 annotations by Theodore Goulston, 1572—1632. Some
of these annotations are followed by the letters Reg or Re, apparently referring
to ἃ manuscript now lost. Dr. Nutton informed me of the existence of these
annotations and sent me his notes on them. I was subsequently able to confirm,
in part from the volume itself, in part from microfilm, the readings assigned
Additional sources 613
to Go(ulston) or Re(g) in the app. crit. The assistance of the National Library
of Ireland, Dr. Nutton, and Mrs. Muriel McCarthy, Assistant Deputy Keeper
of Marsh's Library, is gratefully acknowledged.
5. To p. 46. Aba Sa‘id ibn BahtiBü', Pi hall masd@’il wa-Sukük swila *anhá
wa-wufübi n-nazar ‘ala t-tabib fi l-ahdàti n-nafsüniya wa-fi kauni [- δαὶ maradan
("About the solution of some problems and doubts put to him and about the
physician's duty to study what is going on in the soul and about the fact that love
is an illness"), cf. M. Ullmann, Die Medizin im Islam, Leiden, Kóln 1970, p. 110,
edited by F. Klein-Franke, Über die Heilung der Krankheiten der Seele und des
Koórpers, Beirut, 1977. This tract contains five excerpts from PHP:
PHP Ibn Bahtisü'
168.4 "Ort — 7 καϑίδρυται 33.14—17 (transl. 63)
278.14 ὁ δ’ "Αδμητος — 18 ἐκεκρίκει 50.5—8 (transl. 83)
424.21 “Ὁμήρου — 33 εὔλογον 50.10—14 (transl. 83)
480.4 Περὶ — 7 ἐξευρεῖν 34.2—5 (transl. 64)
518.26 Ταύτην — 31 λέγειν 26.1—6 (transl. 55)
Three textual variants are to be noted:
168.5 μὴ om., ut vid.
424.21 'Oufjpou (uóvov) μνημονεύσω] I think it best to restrict myself to what
Homer said
518.27 τῇ διδασκαλίᾳ] and the adherence to the rule (wa-luzüm al-qünün)
(424.31 δι’ ἐρωτικὴν ἐπιϑυμίαν is not missing, as it appears from the German
translation.)
(518.31 μηδ’ is not missing, as it appears from the German translation; read
‘ala tarkihi, “for omitting”, instead of ‘ald barakati, “fiir die segensreiche Mühe-
waltung".)
There is ἃ further reference at least to the title, but it is doubtful whether
the matter that follows this reference is derived from PHP. 'The passage reads
(45.6—12; transl. 77): “You know — may God reward me with your presence
for ever — that the specific parts of the soul are three, i. e. the rational, which
belongs to the brain, the angry, which belongs to the heart, and the concupiscent,
which belongs to the liver, and that this is the opinion of Hippocrates and of the
majority of the philosophers — Plato spoke about it and it is what Galen demon-
strated in the book “The opinions of Hippocrates and Plato’ — and that each
of these three parts has movements and aims, and when one of them exceeds
the state of its movements or deviates from its aims, it causes something outside
the natural state and harms the person first in the organ which is peculiar to
that part, and afterwards, if its damage continues, it harms some other of the
remaining organs." — It is possible that the Galenic source for this passage was
in either the lost portion of PHP I or the lost tenth book mentioned by Hunain
and Rhazes (see above, pp. 42; 44—45). But it is also possible that the passage
is an interpretation and expansion of PHP VII 3.2—3: pp. 438.28—440.8, where
Galen mentions the power and the work of each of the three principal organs.
The power produces ἃ movement, and the work affects both the organ itself
and the other parts of the body. Galen also speaks of the damage caused by
excessive motion in the third organ. An interpreter could readily take the work
614 Additional sources
(ἔργον) of an organ to be its end (τέλος); cf. Aristotle, Metaph. O 8: 1050 a 21:
τὸ yàp ἔργον τέλος.
Grateful acknowledgement is made to Dr. V. Nutton for information about
Caius, Goulston, and Abt Sa‘id ibn Bahtisü'; to the officers of the Marsh Library,
Dublin, for permission to examine Goulston's copy of PHP and to have it micro-
filmed; to Dr. G. Strohmaier for preparing the entry on ἀρὰ Sa‘id; to Dr. F. Rusch
and the Computing Center of Northwestern University for making possible the
compilation of a machine index on which the Index nominum and Index verborum
have been based; and to Dr. Kollesch and her colleagues at the Akademie der
Wissenschaften der DDR for their patient assistance at all stages in the prepa-
ration and publication of this volume.
Barnegat Light, N. J., U.S.A. Phillip De Lacy
April 7, 1981