On Gangs

490 Pages·2022·6.743 MB·English

by  Scott H. Decker (auth.), David C. Pyrooz (auth.), and James A. Densley (auth.)

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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:16:38.
On Gangs
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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:15:35.
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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:15:35.
Scott H. Decker, David C. Pyrooz,
and James A. Densley
On Gangs
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© th TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS
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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:15:35.
TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122
tupress.temple.edu
Copyright © 2022 by Temple University— Of The Commonwealth System
of Higher Education
All rights reserved
Published 2022
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Decker, Scott H., author. | Pyrooz, David, author. | Densley, James
A. (James Andrew), 1982– author.
Title: On gangs / Scott H. Decker, David C. Pyrooz, and James A. Densley.
Description: Philadelphia : Temple University Press, 2022. | Includes
bibliographical references and index. | Summary: “This book introduces
readers to the study of gangs, including key concepts and findings,
competing theoretical approaches, emerging and persistent issues and
questions, and strategies for addressing gangs”— Provided by publisher.
Identifiers: LCCN 2021015326 (print) | LCCN 2021015327 (ebook) | ISBN
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evrese 99778811443399992200665337 ((cpldoft)h ) | ISBN 9781439920640 (paperback) | ISBN
r sth Subjects: LCSH: Gangs.
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vinU The paper used in this publication meets the requirements of the
elp American National Standard for Information Sciences—P ermanence
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e of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48- 1992
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2 Printed in the United States of America
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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:15:35.
Dedicated to the legacies of Malcolm Klein and Cheryl Maxson
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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:15:35.
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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:15:35.
Contents
Acknowledgments xi
Introduction 1
The Origins of On Gangs 5
The Structure of On Gangs 7
PART I: CORE ISSUES
1 Defining Gangs, Gang Members, and Gang Crime 11
Defining a Gang 12
Defining a Gang Member 22
.d Defining a Gang Crime 24
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.sse Conclusion 38
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vin The Unequal Distribution of Gang Activity: A Tale of
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20 An Organizing Framework 44
2
© th Empirical Research on Gangs in Communities 61
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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:15:35.
viii / Contents
3 Gang Structure and Organization 67
The Organizational Structure of Gangs 69
The Features and Characteristics of Gangs 75
Comparing Gangs to Other Criminal Groups 82
Conclusion 92
4 Joining the Gang 93
A Life- Course Perspective on Gang Membership 94
Gang Embeddedness 96
Why Do Some People End Up in Gangs When Others Do Not? 98
Why Do Youth Join Gangs? 107
How Do Youth Join Gangs? 113
Conclusion 117
5 Continuity and Change in Gang Membership 119
Defining Persistence and Disengagement 120
Continuity in Gang Membership 122
Disengagement from Gangs 127
Conclusion 148
6 Gangs, Crime, and Violence 149
Overrepresentation of Gang Members as Offenders and Victims 150
Theoretical Models of Gang Membership, Crime, and Victimization 158
Group Process and the Enhancement Effect 164
Gangs, Networks, and the Cycle of Violence 173
Conclusion 176
PART II: EMERGING AND CRITICAL ISSUES
7 Women, Gender, and Gangs 179
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se Perspectives on Females and Gangs: Liberated, Exploited,
r sthg or Marginalized? 185
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.sse Masculinities, Gender, and Gangs 201
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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:15:35.
Contents / ix
Immigration and Gang Formation 214
Racism and Gang Formation 217
(Sub)Culture, Migration, Appropriation, and Gangs 223
Conclusion 226
9 Gangs around the World 227
Gangs in Europe (and Beyond) 228
Gangs in the United Kingdom 235
Gangs in Canada 241
Gangs in Latin America and the Caribbean 243
Gangs in Africa, Asia, and Oceania 247
Conclusion 251
10 Gangs and Social Institutions 253
Gangs and Traditional Social Institutions 254
Gangs, Media, and Technology 266
Is the Gang a Social Institution? 275
Conclusion 279
PART III: RESPONDING TO GANGS
11 Policing Gangs 283
The Police Role in Gang Prevention 284
The Police Role in Gang Suppression 286
Policing Gangs beyond Suppression 290
Police Gang Units 293
Police Gang Databases 298
Conclusion 304
12 Gangs and Gang Members in Prison 305
.de Defining and Measuring Gangs and Gang Membership
vrese in Prison 307
r sth The Contested Emergence and Proliferation of Gangs
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.sse Theories of Prison Gang Emergence 312
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02 Conclusion 329
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Decker, Scott H., et al. On Gangs, Temple University Press, 2022. ProQuest Ebook Central,
http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/nuig/detail.action?docID=28935663.
Created from nuig on 2022-02-15 12:15:35.