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. Boll. Malacol., 49: 142-144 (2, 30/11/2013) On Cardium textum Bronn, 1831 (Bivalvia, Cardiidae) Rafael La Rema (El) & Mauro D'Àbramo Dipartimento di Scienze Abstract della Terra e The species known as Nemocardium striatulum (Brocchi, 1814) is based on a misidentification. Recently, a Geoambientali, Università replacement name was proposed for it, Nemocardium italicum La Perna & D'Abramo, 201 1, but the fin- di Bari, Via Orabona 4, ding of an older valid synonym, Cardium textum Bronn, 1831, demands a nomenclatural update. The c7o0r1r2e5spBoanrdi,inIgtalayut(hHo)r, correct species' name is Nemocardium textum (Bronn, 1831). [email protected] Key words Cardiidae, Nemocardium, Plio-Pleistocene, Italy, nomenclature. Riassunto [Su Cardium textum Bronn, 1831 (Bivalvia, Cardiidae)]. La specie nota in letteratura come Nemocardium striatulum (Brocchi, 1814) è basata su un'erronea identificazione. Recentemente, per questa specie è stato proposto il nome di sostituzione Nemocardium italicum La Perna & D'Abramo, 201 1. Esiste però un sino- nimo valido più antico, Cardium textum Bronn, 1831, per cui il nome della specie in esame è Nemocar- dium textum (Bronn, 1831). Parole chiave Cardiidae, Nemocardium, Plio-Pleistocene, Italia, nomenclatura. Introduction latter for Valle Andona, two classical Pliocene localities in Northern Italy. The "blue clays" cropping out in the According to a recent revision of the genus Nemocar- area of Castell'Arquato and Lugagnano (Piacenza) are dium Meek, 1876 from the Pliocene and Pleistocene of of Middle Pliocene age and represent the historical Pia- Italy, by La Perna & D'Abramo (2011), Cardium striatu- centian stratotype (Rio et al., 1988; Lirer & laccarino, lum Brocchi, 1814hasbeenmisidentified in thepastand 2011). For this locality, Brorm (1831) indicated the strati- modern literature, as Nemocardium striatulum (Brocchi, graphic level "d" (p. 5: "Jiingerer Grobkalk, gelb, sandig, 1814) (Sacco, 1899; Cerulli-Irelli, 1908; Cavallo & Repet- iiber vorigem"), probably pointing to the upper part of to, 1992; Monegatti & Raffi, 2001; Tabanelli, 2008). No the Piacentian sequence, consisting ofsandybeds (Lirer material of C. striatulum is present in the Brocchi's col- & laccarino, 2011: fig. 39). Material of "Nemocardium ita- lection, but a critical review of the original description licum" from Castell'Arquatowas examined and illustra- and illustration (Brocchi, 1814: p. 507, pi. 13, fig. 5) pro- ted by La Perna & D'Abramo (2011). Valle Andona is vides strong evidence that it is a Laevicardium species, the type locality of the disused Astian stage, whose hi- most probably a juvenile of L. crassum (Gmelin, 1791). storical stratotype mainly consists of sandy beds (Lirer The species which has been reported as Nemocardium & laccarmo, 2011: fig. 43), Early to Middle Pliocene in striatulum actually belongs to Nemocardium, but it was age (Sampò et al., 1968). described by Calcara (1841: p. 28, pi. 1, fig. 7) from the Bronn described his species as follows: "C. testa cordifor- Pliocene of Altavilla (Sicily) as Cardium striolatum. Due mi inflato-globosa, radiatim striata; striis subtilissimis, nu- to the pre-occupied status of C. striolatum Calcara, 1841 merosissimis, simplicibus: anterioribiis texto-undidosis, me- byC. striolatum Link, 1807, La Perna & D'Abramo (2011) dianis rectis, posterioribus crassis subtilissime papillosis; in- proposed Nemocardium italicum as a replacement name. terstitiis punctatis, marginibus crenulatis. Further literature searches allowed an older, valid syno- Lange und Breite 6'". Streifen des hinteren Drittlieils iiber nym tobebrought to light, Cardium textum Bronn, 1831, 30, des mittleren und vorderen gegen 150." as discussed in the present work. This descriptionfitswellwithNemocardium italicum,but a confirmation of the identity of C. textum and its con- specificity with N. italicum was given by the examina- Results and discussion tion of two valves from fhe Bromi collection, on high resolution photographs (Fig. 1). The two valves are sto- Cardium textum was described by Bronn (1831: p. 102; red in the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard species n. 589) on two specimens from "Cq." and University, Cambridge, with the catalogue number 142 "And.", the former standing for Castell'Arquato, the IPBV-6874 and are labelled "Castell'Arquato". It is not . On Cardium textum Bronn, 1831 (Bivalvia, Cardiidae) Fig. 1 Nemocardium textum(Bronn, 1831). PossiblesyntypesofCardium textum Bronn, 1831 (Bronn coll., MuseumofComparativeZoology, Harvard University, IPBV-6874). A. 11.1 mm (length), B. 9.2. mm (length). Courtesyof MCZ. Fig. 1 Nemocardium textum (Bronn, 1831). Possibili sintipi di Cardium textum Bronn, 1831 (coll. Bronn, Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University, IPBV-6874). A. 11,1 mm (lughezza); B. 9,2 mm (lunghezza). Per gentile concessione MCZ. known if they actually are syntypes of Cardium textum, on the malacological collection from Castell'Arquato but it is worth remarking that CasteH'Arquato is one of housed in the UniversityofModena, i.e. the same mate- the two localities reported in the original description. rial studied by Pantanelli. Cardium textum was discussed by Pantanelli (1893), on "Cardium textum Bronn, 1832" (sic) was included in the Pliocene material from the malacological collections recent work by Hylleberg (2004: p. 800), with the only housed in the Museo di Mineralogia e Geologia of the remarks "Combination to be revised". Modena University. He reported and commented the original description, focusing on the sculpture: "...non è esatto che le costicine anteriori sieno ondulóse, esse sono ret- Acknowledgments tilinee come in tutti i Cardium, però le papille distanti fra loro dalle quali sono ornate, sono disposte in serie ondulóse, Many thanks are due to Jessica D. Cundiff and all the mentre nella parte posteriore le costicine più grosse e più curatorial staff of the Department of Invertebrate Pale- marcate son coperte di papille uniformemente avvicinate". ontology at the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Har- Pantanelli remarked that the anterior riblets are not vard University, for the digital photographs kindly sup- "wavy", as described by Bronn, but regularly straight plied. (i.e. radial), bearing wide spaced, small tubercles which formwavy alignments, whereas theposterior ribletsare References coarser, with close set, regularly spaced tubercles. As seenintheillustrations reportedbyLa Perna & D'Abra- Brocchi G., 1814. Conchiologiafossilesubnppeiminn con osserva- mo (2011: fig. 4e, f), the anterior granulations are varia- zioni geologiche sugli Appennini e sul suolo adiacente. Voi. 2. ble in strength, usually well defined, forming disconti- Stamperia Reale, Milano, 472 pp. nuous wavy ridges, obliquely to commarginally arran- Bronn H.G., 1831. Italiens Tertidr-Gebilde and deren organische Einscìdiisse K. Groos, Heidelberg, 176 pp. ged. Calcara R, 1841. Memorie sopra alcune conchigliefossili rinve- Strangely, Pantanelli did not recognize the differences nute nella contrada d'Altavilla dal dottor Pietro Calcara socio di between Cardium striatulum and C. textum, though he varie accademie. Stamperia d'Antonio Muratori, Palermo, 86 admitted the poor quality of Brocchi's description and pp. illustration. Cavallo O. & RepettoG., 1992. Conchigliefossilidel Roero. At- We are not aware ofothercitations ofCardium textum in lante iconografico. Associazione Naturalistica Piemontese e the early literature, apart that by Namias (1898), based Amici del Museo "Federico Eusebio", Alba, 251 pp. 143 Cerulli-Irelli S., 1908. Fauna Malacologica Mariana. Parte seconda. Palaeontogmphia Italica, 14: 1-64. Hylleberg 2004. Lexical approach to Cardiácea: illustrated and annotated bibliography ofliving and fossil shells, wifh emphasis on the families Cardiidae and Lyrrmocardiidae (Mollusca, Bivalvia). Voi. 1-3. Phuket Marine Biological Cen- ter, special pubi. 29,30: 1-939. La Perna R. & D'Abramo M., 2011. The genus Nemocardium Meek 1876 in the Pho-Pleistocene ofItaly (Bivalvia, Cardii- dae).Journal ofConchologi/, 40 (5): 559-568. Lirer F. & Iaccarino S., 2011. Mediterranean Neogenehisto- rical stratotype sections and Global Stratot)rpe Section and Points (GSSP): state ofthe art. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Rafael Museums in Wien,A, 113: 67-144. La Namias L, 1898. Gollezione di Molluschi pliocenici di Castel- larquato esistenti nel Museo di Mineralogia e Geologia Rema dell'Università diModena.Attidella Società deiNaturalistidi & Modena, s. 3, 15: 5-214. Monegatti P. & RaffiS., 2001. Taxonomic diversityand stra- Mauro tigraphic distribution of Mediterranean Pliocene bivalves. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 165: 171- 193. D'Àbramo Pantanelli D., 1892. Lamelhbranchi pliocenici. Enumerazio- ne e sinonimia delle specie dell'Italia superiore e centrale. Bollettino della Società Malacologica Italiana, 17: 4-128. Rio D.,SprovieriR.,RaffiI. &ValleriG., 1988. Biostratigra- fia e paleoecologia della sezione stratotipica del Piacenzia- no. Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana, TI (2): 213- 238. Sacco F., 1899 1 molluschidei terreni terziaridel Piemonteedella Liguria. Parte 27. Gardiidae. GarloGlausen, Torino, 25 pp. Sampò M., Zappi L. & Capetto P.G., 1968. Les Foraminifères de l'Astien. Giornaledi Geologia, 35: 277-293. Tabanelli C., 2008. Associazioni di paleocomunità batiali a molluschibentonicinel PHocene della Romagna. Metodolo- gie ed indicazioni per nuove tematiche. Quaderno di Studie Notiziedi Storia Naturaledella Romagna, 26: 1-80. Lavoro ricevuto il 22 Sclleinl)re 2013 144 Lavoro accettalo il -I Novembre 201.3