Olive Cultivation in Ancient Greece: Seeking the Ancient Economy PDF
Preview Olive Cultivation in Ancient Greece: Seeking the Ancient Economy
OLIVE CULTIVATION IN ANCIENT GREECE This page intentionally left blank Olive Cultivation in Ancient Greece: Seeking the Ancient Economy LIN FOXHALL 1 3 GreatClarendonStreet,Oxfordox26dp OxfordUniversityPressisadepartmentoftheUniversityofOxford. ItfurtherstheUniversity’sobjectiveofexcellenceinresearch,scholarship, andeducationbypublishingworldwidein Oxford NewYork Auckland CapeTown DaresSalaam HongKong Karachi KualaLumpur Madrid Melbourne MexicoCity Nairobi NewDelhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto WithoYcesin Argentina Austria Brazil Chile CzechRepublic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore SouthKorea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam OxfordisaregisteredtrademarkofOxfordUniversityPress intheUKandincertainothercountries PublishedintheUnitedStates byOxfordUniversityPressInc.,NewYork (cid:1)LinFoxhall2007 Themoralrightsoftheauthorhavebeenasserted DatabaserightOxfordUniversityPress(maker) Firstpublished2007 Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced, storedinaretrievalsystem,ortransmitted,inanyformorbyanymeans, withoutthepriorpermissioninwritingofOxfordUniversityPress, orasexpresslypermittedbylaw,orundertermsagreedwiththeappropriate reprographicsrightsorganization.Enquiriesconcerningreproduction outsidethescopeoftheaboveshouldbesenttotheRightsDepartment, OxfordUniversityPress,attheaddressabove Youmustnotcirculatethisbookinanyotherbindingorcover andyoumustimposethissameconditiononanyacquirer AcataloguerecordforthistitleisavailablefromtheBritishLibrary LibraryofCongressCataloginginPublicationData Foxhall,Lin. OlivecultivationinancientGreece:seekingtheancienteconomy/LinFoxhall. p. cm. Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN 978–0–19–815288–0 1. Agriculture,Ancient–Greece. 2. Olive–Greece–History. 3. Oliveoil–Greece–History. I. Title S429.F692007 634’.630938–dc22 2007024930 TypesetbySPIPublisherServices,Pondicherry, India PrintedinGreatBritain onacid-freepaperby BiddlesLtd.,King’sLynn,Norfolk ISBN 978–0–19–815288–0 1 3 5 7 9 10 8 6 4 2 Ostinato vo’seguire La magnanima mia impresa... (Marco Cara, 1470–1525) This page intentionally left blank Contents Acknowledgements ix ListofFigures x ListofTables xv ListofAbbreviations xvi 1. Introduction 1 2. WealthyHouseholds:Theory,Sources,Methodology 21 3. TheAgriculturalHoldingsofLarge-ScaleHouseholds 55 4. TheDomesticConsumptionofOliveOil 85 5. CultivatingtheOlive 97 6. ProcessingOlives 131 7. ArboricultureandOrnamentalGardensinAncientGreece 219 8. Conclusions 247 Bibliography 261 IndexLocurum 285 GeneralIndex 291 This page intentionally left blank Acknowledgements This project has grown and matured nearly as slowly as the olive trees which are its subject. Many years ago Michael Jameson and A. John Graham oversaw the inception of this research. That its developmentprogressedwhenIwastransplantedtoBritainwasthanks totheunXaggingsupportandencouragementofJohnK.Davies,Peter Garnsey,RobinOsborne,andNicholasPurcell.Muchofthedataand many insightsand ideas that ultimately blossomed inthisbook were generatedbymyworkontheMethanaProjectwithChristopherMee andHamish Forbes, andonthe BovaMarinaArchaeologicalProject, whichIco-directwithJohnRobbandDavidYoon. It is essential to thank here the institutions which have contri- buted to funding this research including the British Academy, the Humboldt Foundation, the Leverhulme Trust, the University of Oxford, the University of Liverpool, the University of Leicester, University College London, and Universita¨t Freiburg. For essential information on unpublished projects I am extremely grateful to Susan Alcock, Virginia Anderson-Stojanovicˇ, John BintliV, Joseph Coleman Carter, William Cavanagh, John Cherry, Jack Davis, Peter Doorn, Jacques Perreault, Albert Prieto, Graham Shipley, and AnthonySnodgrass. Thisworkalsoowesagreatdealtolessvisiblebutequallyimportant support.Foremostwastheceaselessencouragementandbackingofmy mother,BlancheFoxhall,whodidnotlivetoseetheprojectbearfruit, but who would have been happy to know that at last it has done so. Without the kindness, friendliness, and hospitality of the people of Koiladha and Methana in Greece, and the people of Bova and Bova MarinainItaly,thisworkwouldhavewithered.Helen,Anne,andJanet havebeenunfailinglyloyalandsupportive,aswellashelpfulandwilling participantsinWeldworkfromaveryearlyage,andwerealwaysthereto make sure that life remained in perspective. But the fruits of this researchowemosttotheonewithwhomtheywerealwaysmostclosely shared,toHamish,for‘alittleofeverything’.
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