Oil information 2017.

756 Pages·2017·10.275 MB·English

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2017
with 2016 data
INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AGENCY
The International Energy Agency (IEA), an autonomous agency, was established in November 1974.
Its primary mandate was – and is – two-fold: to promote energy security amongst its member
countries through collective response to physical disruptions in oil supply, and provide authoritative
research and analysis on ways to ensure reliable, affordable and clean energy for its 29 member
countries and beyond. The IEA carries out a comprehensive programme of energy co-operation among
its member countries, each of which is obliged to hold oil stocks equivalent to 90 days of its net imports.
The Agency’s aims include the following objectives:
n Secure member countries’ access to reliable and ample supplies of all forms of energy; in particular,
through maintaining effective emergency response capabilities in case of oil supply disruptions.
n Promote sustainable energy policies that spur economic growth and environmental protection
in a global context – particularly in terms of reducing greenhouse-gas emissions that contribute
to climate change.
n Improve transparency of international markets through collection and analysis of
energy data.
n Support global collaboration on energy technology to secure future energy supplies
and mitigate their environmental impact, including through improved energy
efficiency and development and deployment of low-carbon technologies.
n Find solutions to global energy challenges through engagement and
dialogue with non-member countries, industry, international
organisations and other stakeholders.
IEA member countries:
Australia
Austria
Belgium
Canada
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Secure
Greece
Sustainable
Hungary Together
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Korea
Luxembourg
Netherlands
New Zealand
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Slovak Republic
© OECD/IEA, 2017 Spain
International Energy Agency Sweden
Website: www.iea.org Switzerland
Turkey
United Kingdom
United States
Please note that this publication
is subject to specific restrictions
The European Commission
that limit its use and distribution.
The terms and conditions are also participates in
available online at www.iea.org/t&c/ the work of the IEA.
OIL INFORMATION (2017 edition) - iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION ................................................. v Iceland ............................................................... III.253
Ireland ................................................................ III.266
Israel .................................................................. III.280
OIL OVERVIEW ................................................ vii Italy .................................................................... III.294
Japan .................................................................. III.308
Korea ................................................................. III.322
PART I: EXPLANATORY NOTES
Latvia ................................................................. III.336
Luxembourg ...................................................... III.349
1. Definitions of products and flows ....................... I.3
Mexico ............................................................... III.362
2. Technical notes: oil supply and demand
Netherlands ........................................................ III.376
definitions ......................................................... I.11
New Zealand ...................................................... III.390
3. Sources and notes.............................................. I.15
Norway .............................................................. III.404
4. Geographical coverage ..................................... I.17
Poland ................................................................ III.418
5. Recent data revisions ........................................ I.21
Portugal.............................................................. III.432
Slovak Republic ................................................. III.446
PART II: WORLD AND OECD OIL DATA Slovenia ............................................................. III.460
Spain .................................................................. III.473
World energy balance ............................................. II.2 Sweden .............................................................. III.487
OECD Total energy balance ................................... II.3 Switzerland ........................................................ III.502
World oil demand .................................................... II.4 Turkey................................................................ III.515
World crude oil and NGL production ..................... II.6 United Kingdom ................................................ III.529
World refinery output .............................................. II.8 United States ...................................................... III.543
World supply to international marine bunkers ...... II.10 Country notes ................................................... III.557
World supply to international aviation bunkers .... II.11
Abbreviations and conversion factors ........... III.577
World trade of crude and products ........................ II.12
Share of oil in OECD energy mix ......................... II.20
World demand by main product groups ................ II.21 PART IV: OIL PRICES ................................. IV.1
World demand by main product groups (kb/d) ..... II.44
PART V: HISTORICAL TIME SERIES
PART III: DETAILED OECD OIL DATA FOR OECD COUNTRIES
OECD Total .......................................................... III.2 Production ............................................................... V.2
OECD Americas .................................................. III.16 Net imports ............................................................. V.6
OECD Asia Oceania ........................................... III.30 Refinery input ....................................................... V.12
OECD Europe ..................................................... III.44 Gross refinery output ............................................ V.14
IEA Total ............................................................. III.58 Gross consumption by product ............................. V.16
Australia .............................................................. III.72 Consumption in transformation ............................ V.30
Austria ................................................................. III.86 Energy industry own use ...................................... V.32
Belgium ............................................................. III.100 Final consumption ................................................ V.34
Canada ............................................................... III.114 Consumption in transport ..................................... V.36
Chile .................................................................. III.128 Consumption in industry ...................................... V.38
Czech Republic ................................................. III.142 Consumption in other ........................................... V.40
Denmark ............................................................ III.156 Use of biogasoline/biodiesel for blending ............ V.42
Estonia ............................................................... III.170 Consumption of fuel oil according
Finland .............................................................. III.183 to sulphur content ............................................... V.48
France ................................................................ III.197 Oil supply per unit of GDP .................................. V.49
Germany ............................................................ III.211 Oil supply per capita ............................................. V.50
Greece ............................................................... III.225 Share of oil in OECD CO2 emissions ................... V.51 17
Hungary ............................................................. III.239 OECD Economic Indicators ................................. V.52 20
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iv - OIL INFORMATION (2017 edition)

What’s new
Inclusion of Latvia in OECD data
Latvia became an OECD member in July 2016. In the 2017 edition, Latvia appears in the list of OECD mem-
bers and is included in the aggregates OECD Total and OECD Europe for data starting from 1990. Prior to this
Latvia in included in non-OECD data under Former Soviet Union.
Revised presentation of oil supply in Part III Table 1
Table 1 of Part III has been revised to show a more detailed view of oil supply, presenting the components of
refinery intake and output and corresponding more closely to the presentation used in the on-line database.

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OIL INFORMATION (2017 edition) - v
INTRODUCTION
The Oil Information 2017 is the latest edition of a submissions due to the lack of availability of data on a
publication that has been produced annually since 1989. monthly basis, or due to different reporting entities.
These differences tend to be widespread for certain
Part II, World and OECD oil data, provides summary
products, such as petroleum coke, excluded from
tables of world oil market developments, with time
monthly demand in certain countries, and certain flows,
series back to 1971.
such as international marine bunkers, refinery fuel,
Part III, Detailed OECD oil data, provides in tabular transfers and observed gross inland deliveries. To ar-
form a more detailed and comprehensive picture of oil rive at a comparable time series between AOS and
supply, demand and end-use consumption for the MOS data, the 2016 monthly data are adjusted to take
OECD by region and individual countries.1 into account the historical differences between the two
Part IV, Oil prices, shows time series of oil products data sets. Data for 2016 may therefore differ from simi-
import costs, spot prices and end-use prices and taxes lar statistics published in the publication Oil, Gas, Coal
up to 2017. and Electricity Quarterly Statistics (based on MOS
data). Please see notes related to individual countries
Part V, Historical time series for OECD countries,
for more information on data sources and estimations.
shows time series of major oil flows for all years begin-
ning in 1985 and ending in 2016, where data are available. All data for Part III and selected information from
Part II are available on CD-ROM.
Note that the references to OECD in this publication
include the 35 Member countries: Australia, Austria, In addition, a data service is available on the internet. It
Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, includes unlimited access through an annual subscription
Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, as well as the possibility to obtain data on a pay-per-
Iceland, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Latvia, view basis. Details are available at http://data.iea.org.
Luxembourg, Mexico, the Netherlands, New Zealand,
Data were collected by the team in the Energy Data
Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovak Republic, Slovenia,
Centre (EDC) of the IEA Secretariat, headed by
Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey, the United Kingdom
Duncan Millard.
and the United States.
For OECD members: electricity, coal and renewable
Statistics for OECD countries are based on data submis-
data were prepared, respectively, by Mark Mateo,
sions from national administrations to the Secretariat.
Beatriz Martinez and Dae Yong Kwon, under the re-
Statistics up to 2015 are from the Annual Oil Statistics
sponsibility of Vladimir Kubecek; natural gas data
(AOS) database, while provisional oil data for 2016 are
were prepared by Aitor Soler Garcia, under the re-
mainly based on the Monthly Oil and Gas Statistics
sponsibility of Erica Robin; energy balances data were
(MOS) database, except for blending of liquid biofuels
prepared by Rémi Gigoux, under the responsibility of
(Annual Biofuels Survey). Annual data submitted to
Roberta Quadrelli. Non-OECD countries statistics
the IEA may differ from the sum of monthly data
were prepared by Emmanouil Christinakis, Laila
El-Ashmawy, Musa Erdogan, Markus Fager-Pintilä,

Nikolaos Kordevas, Agnieszka Koscielniak, Claire
1. This document is without prejudice to the status of or sovereignty Morel, Klaus Pedersen and Arnaud Pincet, under the 17
over any territory, to the delimitation of international frontiers and 0
boundaries and to the name of any territory, city or area. responsibility of Céline Rouquette. A, 2
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vi - OIL INFORMATION (2017 edition)
Erica Robin has overall responsibility for this report. Enquiries about data or methodology in this publica-
The publication was prepared by Laura Thomson and tion should be addressed to:
its statistics were produced by Federico de Luca and
Laura Thomson. Desktop publishing was carried out Energy Data Center
International Energy Agency / OECD
by Sharon Burghgraeve.
31-35, rue de la Fédération
We would like to thank our numerous contacts 75739 Paris Cedex 15, France
worldwide in national administrations and in public
and private companies for their helpful co-operation. E-mail: [email protected]

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OIL INFORMATION (2017 edition) - vii
OIL OVERVIEW
The top five largest liquids producers in 2016 re-
Oil production
mained the same as in 2015. The United States was
the world's top producer (588 Mt), despite a fall in
In 20161, world oil production2 stood at 4 448 Mt production of 3.5% compared to 2015, followed by
(93.7 Mb/d), slightly up on the 2015 level of 4 443 Mt Saudi Arabia (583 Mt) and the Russian Federation
(93.7 Mb/d). This reflects steady growth in OPEC (546 Mt). Canada and the People’s Republic of China
(+2.9%, 52 Mt, 1.0 Mb/d), sufficient to offset decreased both saw decreases in production but remained the
production in OECD (–2.4%, –28 Mt, –0.6 Mb/d) and world’s fourth and fifth largest oil producers (225 Mt
the rest of the world (–1.3%, –19 Mt, –0.5 Mb/d). In and 205 Mt, respectively).
2015, production increased in both OPEC (+2.6%)
The 2016 total world production includes crude oil,
and non-OPEC, with OECD growing 3.7% and the
NGLs, other hydrocarbons and 100 Mt (2.1 Mb/d) of
rest of the world increasing by 1.2%.
liquid biofuels.
Figure 1. World oil production by region
Figure 2. Annual change in OECD oil production
Million tonnes
200
100 10%
175
80 8%
150
60 6%
125
40 4%
100
20 2%
75
0 0%
50
-20 -2%
25
-40 -4%
0
1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016p -60 -6%
1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001 2006 2011 2016p
OECD OPEC Rest of the world
Million tonnes y-o-y growth - %

At the country level, the growth in 2016 can be main-
ly attributed to large increases in production in In the OECD, production fell in 2016 for the first time
Iran (+23.4%, 38 Mt, 783 kb/d), Saudi Arabia (+3.2%, since 2008, led by decreases in North America, with
18 Mt, 363 kb/d), Iraq (+10.4%, 18 Mt, 355 kb/d) and the United States, Mexico and Canada all observing
Russia (+2.3%, 12 Mt, 221 kb/d). reduced levels of production. Production increased in
both the United Kingdom and Norway, but by less
than in 2015. In the rest of OECD decreased produc-

tion was led by a sharp decline in Italy, following the 7
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1. All energy data for 2016 are provisional. 0
2. Please refer to the technical notes in Section I.2. temporary closure of the Val d’Agri Oil Centre. A, 2
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Figure 3. Change in OECD oil production refinery. Among other major refiners, Japan showed
by main producing countries
a return to growth in 2015 after a sharp decrease
Million tonnes in 2014, while significant decreases were seen in
60 60% Brazil (–6kt) and Russia (–5Mt).
50%
40 40%
30% Figure 5. World refinery output growth between
20 20% 2014 and 2015: main refining countries
10%
0 0% Million tonnes
-10% 40
-20 -20% 35
-30%
30
-40 -40%
25
United Canada Mexico Norway UK Rest of
States OECD 20
15
Growth 2014-2015 Growth 2015-2016p 10
Share over total OECD productionin 2016p (right axis) 5

0
-5
-10
Refining
In 2015, world refinery output, excluding liquid biofu-
els components, increased by 2.1% (82 Mt, 1.8 Mb/d),
the highest annual growth since the economic recov-
Figure 6. World refinery output growth
ery during 2010. in comparison to oil product demand
between 2000 and 2015
Figure 4. World refinery output
200 8%
150 6%
100 4%
50 2%
0 0%
-50 -2%
-100 -4%
-150 -6%
1975 1985 1995 2005 2015

Million tonnes y-o-y growth
Over the period 2000 to 2015, refinery output in Asia,
The increase in refinery output was largely driven by
Middle East and non-OECD Europe and Eurasia has
growth in four of the top ten biggest refining coun-
tries; China (+25 Mt), Saudi Arabia3 (+12 Mt), Korea increased, reflecting growth in oil demand over the
same period. In Africa and non-OECD Americas,
(+11 Mt) and India (+10 Mt). However, the United
refinery output has not kept pace with demand
Arab Emirates also posted impressive growth
growth, which is increasingly met by imports of re-
(+20 Mt), following the expansion of the Ruwais
fined products. In particular, in 2015 refinery output
in Africa corresponded to little more than half of the

demand in the region. In OECD falling refinery output
3. In addition to refinery production, Saudi Arabia produces a large reflects falling demand in the region over the period 17
amount of refined products in gas separation plants. This production is 0
not included in refinery output. 2000 to 2015. A, 2
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