Offshore wind power : reliability, availability and maintenance

400 Pages·2021·25.68 MB·English

by  Peter J. Tavner

IETENERGY ENGINEERING 194
Offshore Wind Power
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Offshore Wind Power
Reliability, availability and maintenance
2nd edition
Peter Tavner
The Institution of Engineering andTechnology
PublishedbyTheInstitutionofEngineeringandTechnology,London,UnitedKingdom
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Wales(no.211014)andScotland(no.SC038698).
†TheInstitutionofEngineeringandTechnology2021
Firstpublished2012
Secondedition2021
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This book is dedicated to
Charles and Daisy Tavner
Sarah, Felix, Rafa and Stella Pyne
Behold, the sea itself
And on its limitless, heaving breast, the ships;
See where their white sails, bellying in the wind,
Speckle the green and blue sea.
Walt Whitman, put to music in the Sea Symphony by
Ralph Vaughan Williams

Contents
Abouttheauthor xv
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xxi
Nomenclature xxiii
Abbreviations xxv
1 Introductionto off-shore wind 1
1.1 Development of wind power 1
1.2 Reliability of on-shore wind turbines 4
1.3 Large wind farms 6
1.4 Firstoff-shore developments 8
1.5 Off-shore wind in Northern Europe 9
1.5.1 Introduction 9
1.5.2 Baltic Sea, German, Swedishand Danish waters 9
1.5.3 North Sea, UKwaters 9
1.5.4 North Sea, German, Dutch, Belgian and Danish waters 13
1.6 Off-shore wind rest of the world 13
1.6.1 The USA 13
1.6.2 Asia 13
1.7 Off-shore wind power terminologyand economics 15
1.7.1 Terminology 15
1.7.2 Cost of installation 18
1.7.3 Cost of energy 18
1.7.4 Cost of O&M 20
1.7.5 Effect of reliability, availability and maintenance on
cost of energy 22
1.7.6 Previous work 22
1.8 Roles 22
1.8.1 General 22
1.8.2 Innovators 24
1.8.3 Governments 24
1.8.4 Test facilities 25
1.8.5 Regulators 25
1.8.6 Investors 25
1.8.7 Certifiers and insurers 26
1.8.8 Developers 26