Of States, Rights, and Social Closure: Governing Migration and Citizenship

311 Pages·2008·1.174 MB·English

by  Oliver Schmidtke, Saime Ozcurumez (eds.)

Of States, Rights, and Social Closure
Of States, Rights, and Social Closure
Governing Migration and Citizenship
Edited by Oliver Schmidtke and Saime Ozcurumez
of states, rights, and social closure
Copyright ©Oliver Schmidtke and Saime Ozcurumez, eds., 2008.
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 2008 978-0-230-60031-7
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First published in 2008 by
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ISBN 978-1-349-36976-8 ISBN 978-0-230-61048-4 (eBook)
DOI 10.1057/9780230610484
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Of states, rights, and social closure : governing migration and citizenship /
edited by Oliver Schmidtke and Saime Ozcurumez.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
1. European Union countries—Emigration and immigration. 2.
Minorities—European Union countries. 3. North America—Emigration and
immigration. 4. Minorities—North America. 5. Citizenship. 6.
Marginality, Social. I. Schmidtke, Oliver. II. Ozcurumez, Saime.
JV7590.O42 2007
325'.1—dc22 2007024340
A catalogue record of the book is available from the British Library.
Design by Scribe Inc.
First edition: January 2008
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
Contents
List of Tables and Figures v
Contributors vii
Introduction National Closure and Beyond 1
Oliver Schmidtke
Part I The Normative Debate on the “Liberal Paradox”:
Of States, Rights, and Social Closure
1 Immigration, Democracy, and Citizenship 17
Joseph H. Carens
2 Noncitizens and Discrimination: Redefining Human Rights 37
in the Face of Complexity
Donald Galloway
3 National Sovereignty, Migration, and the Tenuous Hold
of International Legality: The Resurfacing
(and Resubmersion?) of Carl Schmitt 61
Jeremy Webber
4 Borders in Public Perception:
Renationalizing Modes of Inclusion and Exclusion 91
Oliver Schmidtke
Part II Limits of Governing Migration and Citizenship
5 We Are All “Republican” Now: Changes in, Prospects for,
and Limits of Citizenship in Germany 113
Thomas Faist and Jürgen Gerdes
6 The Institutional Setting of Naturalization and Multiple
Citizenship: A Comparison of German and Dutch Policies 135
Anita Böcker and Dietrich Thränhardt
7 Immigration Reform in Germany:
The Domestic Debate under the Red-Green Government 157
Imke Kruse
8 Territoriality in Diasporas and Transnational Communities 179
Riva Kastoryano
vi Contents
Part III Toward a Postnational Constellation?
Politics and Policy Formation in Europe
9 Borders, Territory, and Migration in the European Union:
From the Politics of Migration in Europe to the European
Politics of Migration 205
Andrew Geddes
10 The Denationalization of Immigration Politics:
Is It Happening and Who Benefits? 225
Ruud Koopmans, Paul Statham,
Marco Giugni, and Florence Passy
11 Immigrants and Participation beyond the Nation-State:
Opportunity-Capability Rift in EU Immigration Policy Process 257
Saime Ozcurumez
Conclusion Crossing Borders of States and
Border-Crossing of Rights 279
Saime Ozcurumez
References 285
Index 303
Tables and Figures
Tables
4.1 Overview of the discourse on immigrants in German
print media 98
6.1 Naturalization rates in selected European countries,
1990–2000 138
6.2 Large naturalization groups in Germany and the
Netherlands and the acceptance of multiple
citizenship in 2000 146
6.3 Dual citizens and foreigners in the Netherlands,
January 1, 2003 (thousands) 147
6.4 Naturalization rates of selected immigrant groups in the
Netherlands, 1996 and 2001 151
8.1 Types of “long-distance nationalism” 183
8.2 Relation to the state 188
10.1 Territorial scope of actors in immigration and ethnic
relations politics, by country (MERCI data 1992–1998) 233
10.2 Spatial framing of claims in immigration and ethnic
relations politics, by country (MERCI data 1992–1998) 236
10.3 Overall scopes of claims in immigration and ethnic
relations politics, and extent of multilevel claims making,
by country (MERCI data 1992–1998) 239
10.4 Overall scopes of claims in immigration and ethnic
relations politics, and extent of multilevel claims
making, by issue field (MERCI data 1992–1998) 240
10.5 Average discursive position on issues in immigration and
ethnic relation politics, by claim scope and issue field
(MERCI data 1992–1998) 240
viii Tables and Figures
10.6 Distribution of actors by overall claim scope
(MERCI data 1992–1998) 244
10.7 Average discursive position on immigration politics
by claim scope (Europub data, 1980–2002) 251
10.8 Distribution of actors in immigration politics
by overall claim scope (Europub data, 1980–2002) 251
Figures
5.1 Access to citizenship in Germany since 2000 114
5.2 Belief systems of political parties in
Germany: “Integration” 126
6.1 Why foreigners who might otherwise be interested in
obtaining German citizenship have not yet applied for
naturalization (1993 percentages) 142
6.2 Naturalization rates of Turks in Germany and the
Netherlands, 1990–2003 149
10.1 Development of the percentage of claims with
different scopes across the five countries
(MERCI data 1990–1999) 246
10.2 Development of multilevel claim scopes in immigration
in the German press (Europub data 1980–2002) 248
Contributors
Anita Böckeris assistant professor at the Institute for the Sociology of Law,
Radboud University Nijmegen.
Joseph H. Carensis professor of political science at the University of Toronto.
Thomas Faistis professor of sociology at the University of Bielefeld.
Donald Galloway is professor in the Faculty of Law at the University of
Victoria.
Andrew Geddesis professor in the Department of Politics at the University
of Sheffield.
Jürgen Gerdesis a researcher at the Center on Migration, Citizenship, and
Development at the University of Bielefeld.
Marco Giugniis a researcher and teacher in the department of political sci-
ence at the University of Geneva.
Riva Kastoryano is professor of social sciences at the Institut d’Etudes
Politiques de Paris.
Ruud Koopmansis professor of sociology at the Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam
and research director at the Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung
(WZB).
Imke Kruse is a research scientist at the Max Planck Institute for Human
Development in Germany and program manager of the International Max
Planck Research School LIFE.
Saime Ozcurumez is a visiting assistant professor of political science at
Bilkent University, Ankara.
Florence Passyis professor of political science at the University of Lausanne.
Oliver Schmidtkeis an associate professor of political science and history at
the University of Victoria where he also holds a Jean Monnet Chair in
European history and politics.
Paul Stathamis professor of sociology at the University of Bristol.
x Contributors
Dietrich Thränhardt is professor of political science at the University of
Münster.
Jeremy Webber is professor in the Faculty of Law and holds the Canada
Research Chair in Law and Society at the University of Victoria. He is direc-
tor of the Consortium on Democratic Constitutionalism and visiting profes-
sor of law at the University of New South Wales.