of Farm Animals and Animal Products

122 Pages·2011·4.03 MB·English

The green, blue and grey
M.M. Mekonnen
A.Y. Hoekstra
water footprint of farm
animals and animal products
December 2010
Volume 2: Appendices
VVaalluuee ooff WWaatteerr Research Report Series No. 48

THE GREEN, BLUE AND GREY WATER FOOTPRINT
OF FARM ANIMALS AND ANIMAL PRODUCTS

VOLUME 2: APPENDICES

1
M.M. MEKONNEN
1,2
A.Y. HOEKSTRA

DECEMBER 2010

VALUE OF WATER RESEARCH REPORT SERIES NO. 48

1 Twente Water Centre, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
2 Contact author: Arjen Hoekstra, [email protected]
© 2010 M.M. Mekonnen and A.Y. Hoekstra.

Published by:
UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education
P.O. Box 3015
2601 DA Delft
The Netherlands

The Value of Water Research Report Series is published by UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education, in
collaboration with University of Twente, Enschede, and Delft University of Technology, Delft.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in
any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior
permission of the authors. Printing the electronic version for personal use is allowed.

Please cite this publication as follows:
Mekonnen, M.M. and Hoekstra, A.Y. (2010) The green, blue and grey water footprint of farm animals and
animal products, Value of Water Research Report Series No. 48, UNESCO-IHE, Delft, the Netherlands.
Contents

Appendix I:
Feed conversion efficiencies – in kg of feed (dry mass) per kg of output – per animal category and region

Appendix II:
Estimated consumption of feed per animal category and world region (103 ton dry mass/yr)

Appendix III.
Estimated consumption of feed per production system and world region (103 ton dry mass/yr)

Appendix IV.
Drinking and service water footprint per animal

Appendix V.
Water footprint of animals and animal products (m3/ton). Period 1996-2005

Appendix I: Feed conversion efficiencies – in kg of feed (dry mass) per kg of output – per animal category and region
Animal Central and South Sub- West Asia
East East Europe North South West
Animal category production South Oceania east Saharan and North World
Asia and CIS America Asia Europe
system America Asia Africa Africa
Beef cattle Grazing 76 90 48 40 46 280 163 110 97 59 70
Mixed 63 61 31 24 36 121 90 56 41 53 52
Industrial 21 35 9 4 11 33 25 14 13 16 19
Overall 56 55 32 25 36 108 71 72 54 28 47
Dairy cattle Grazing 3.8 4.8 2.6 2.3 1.8 6.5 7.4 4.1 3.3 3.3 3.5
Mixed 2.6 1.8 2.0 1.0 1.3 1.9 3.5 3.2 1.9 1.2 1.6
Industrial 0.0 0.9 1.3 0.5 0.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.6 1.1
Overall 3.2 2.0 1.7 1.1 1.4 2.2 3.7 3.8 2.0 1.5 1.9
Broiler chicken Grazing 9.7 9.8 8.0 13.3 13.3 14.0 8.6 7.9 8.9 14.3 9.0
Mixed 4.5 4.7 3.6 5.9 6.0 6.4 5.3 4.4 4.0 6.4 4.9
Industrial 2.4 2.4 2.3 3.0 3.1 2.8 2.5 2.2 2.0 3.3 2.8
Overall 4.5 4.2 4.7 3.4 3.4 5.8 4.7 4.9 4.8 3.6 4.2
Layer chicken Grazing 10.2 8.0 11.3 8.0 6.7 10.6 9.5 8.3 9.7 8.0 9.3
Mixed 4.5 4.3 5.1 3.8 3.2 4.7 4.2 3.9 4.6 3.9 4.4
Industrial 2.4 2.3 2.7 2.1 1.8 2.6 2.3 1.8 2.3 2.1 2.3
Overall 3.3 3.1 3.5 2.3 1.9 3.6 3.2 4.0 3.4 2.3 3.1
Pig Grazing 12.3 14.5 9.3 9.3 14.0 8.0 12.2 8.4 15.4 13.7 11.3
Mixed 6.1 6.9 4.7 5.1 6.7 6.2 6.6 7.3 8.2 6.6 6.5
Industrial 4.0 4.2 3.2 3.2 4.0 4.6 4.2 4.1 4.4 4.0 3.9
Overall 6.1 6.4 5.7 4.1 5.3 5.8 6.1 7.0 6.2 5.2 5.8
Sheep and goat Grazing 113.8 49.2 95.8 33.0 40.3 53.5 36.4 44.3 33.0 0.0 49.6
Mixed 73.5 21.1 46.6 27.1 27.1 20.3 20.9 26.9 16.7 33.1 25.8
Industrial 29.7 13.6 23.3 0.0 0.0 10.6 8.3 9.7 7.3 0.0 13.3
Overall 72.5 24.8 62.1 30.3 34.2 21.8 18.4 30.2 21.2 33.1 30.2
Note: The output weight refers to the weight of carcass (for beef cattle, broiler chicken, pig, sheep and goat), weight of milk (for dairy cattle) or weight of eggs (for layer chicken).

Appendix II: Estimated consumption of feed per animal category and world region (103 ton dry mass/yr)

Type of feed Animal category Central and Eastern Eastern Northern Oceania South South Sub- West Asia Western Total
Southern Asia Europe America Asia East Saharan and North Europe
America and CIS Asia Africa Africa
Concentrate Beef cattle 15046 11398 13347 46803 1013 9249 8485 10265 7012 19342 141959
feed
Dairy cow 17725 17720 60510 35667 3161 22970 1221 3687 21608 64470 248739
Sheep and goat 138 101 400 20 88 200 45 420 2045 136 3595
Pig 14290 105389 32491 39085 1024 1015 11326 2376 570 81262 288829
Broiler chicken 34278 32931 11312 29311 1551 9624 15440 6618 19332 20153 180551
Layer chicken 10614 52641 12444 7205 229 9021 6492 4485 8858 10046 122035
Total concentrate 92091 220181 130503 158091 7066 52078 43009 27851 59426 195410 985707
Roughage Beef cattle 768202 310641 158432 276180 95208 431969 85698 216172 117142 198238 2657881
Dairy cow 173954 30669 105111 57026 28651 71609 5327 40678 36897 126231 676153
Sheep and goat 29701 69732 44179 3549 39848 28570 2883 37611 44647 37978 338697
Pig 17534 169643 10378 2827 1642 1890 15949 2562 110 12122 234657
Broiler 22189 10082 3148 21094 1050 223 3153 1327 759 4426 67453
Layer chicken 5916 16116 3335 5185 155 209 1326 508 363 2435 35549
Total roughage 1017496 606884 324582 365861 166553 534469 114336 298859 199918 381431 4010390
Total feed 1109587 827065 455085 523952 173620 586547 157346 326710 259344 576841 4996097