OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews.

118 Pages·2014·4.28 MB·English

by  OECD

OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
Italy
The OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual
development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each member are
OECD Development Co-operation Peer Reviews
critically examined approximately once every five years. DAC peer reviews assess the performance of a given
member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine both policy and implementation.
They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development co-operation and humanitarian
Italy
assistance activities of the member under review.
Contents
Italy’s aid at a glance
Context of Italy’s Peer Review
The DAC’s main findings and recommendations
Chapter 1. Towards a comprehensive Italian development effort
Chapter 2. Italy’s vision and policies for development co-operation
Chapter 3. Allocating Italy’s official development assistance
Chapter 4. Managing Italy’s development co-operation
Chapter 5. Italy’s development co-operation delivery and partnerships
Chapter 6. Results and accountability of Italy’s development co-operation
Chapter 7. Italy’s humanitarian assistance
Annex A. Progress since the 2009 DAC peer review recommendations
Annex B. OECD statistics on official development assistance O
E
Annex C. Field visit to Albania C
D
Annex D. Institutional and organisational structures D
e
v
e
lo
p
m
e
n
t
C
o
-
o
p
e
r
a
t
io
n
P
e
e
r
R
e
v
ie
w
s
It
Consult this publication on line at http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264213241-en. a
l
y
This work is published on the OECD iLibrary, which gathers all OECD books, periodicals and statistical databases.
Visit www.oecd-ilibrary.org for more information.
The Development Assistance Committee: Enabling effective development
Isbn 978-92-64-21323-4
9HSTCQE*cbdcde+
43 2014 04 1 P

OECD Development
Co-operation Peer Reviews:
Italy
2014
ThisworkispublishedundertheresponsibilityoftheSecretary-GeneraloftheOECD.The
opinionsexpressedandargumentsemployedhereindonotnecessarilyreflecttheofficial
viewsofOECDmembercountries.
This document and any map included herein are without prejudice to the status of or
sovereigntyoveranyterritory,tothedelimitationofinternationalfrontiersandboundaries
andtothenameofanyterritory,cityorarea.
Pleasecitethispublicationas:
OECD(2014),OECDDevelopmentCo-operationPeerReviews:Italy2014,OECDDevelopmentCo-
operationPeerReviews,OECDPublishing.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/9789264213241-en
ISBN978-92-64-21323-4(print)
ISBN978-92-64-21324-1(PDF)
Series:OECDDevelopmentCo-operationPeerReviews
ISSN2309-7124(print)
ISSN2309-7132(online)
ThestatisticaldataforIsraelaresuppliedbyandundertheresponsibilityofthe relevantIsraeliauthorities.Theuse
ofsuchdatabytheOECDiswithoutprejudicetothestatusoftheGolanHeights,EastJerusalemandIsraeli
settlementsintheWestBankunderthetermsofinternationallaw.
CorrigendatoOECDpublicationsmaybefoundonlineat:www.oecd.org/about/publishing/corrigenda.htm.
©OECD2014
Youcancopy,downloadorprintOECDcontentforyourownuse,andyoucanincludeexcerptsfromOECDpublications,databasesand
multimediaproductsinyourowndocuments,presentations,blogs,websitesandteachingmaterials,providedthatsuitable
acknowledgmentofthesourceandcopyrightownerisgiven.Allrequestsforpublicorcommercialuseandtranslationrightsshouldbe
[e-mail]hotocopyportionsofthismaterialforpublicorcommercialuseshallbe
addresseddirectlytotheCopyrightClearanceCenter(CCC)[email protected]çaisd’exploitationdudroitdecopie
(CFC)[email protected].
Conducting the peer review
The OECD’s Development Assistance Committee (DAC) conducts periodic reviews of the individual
development co-operation efforts of DAC members. The policies and programmes of each member are
critically examined approximately once every four or five years. Five members are examined annually. The
OECD’s Development Co-operation Directorate provides analytical support, and develops and maintains, in
close consultation with the Committee, the methodology and analytical framework – known as the Reference
Guide – within which the peer reviews are undertaken.
The objectives of DAC peer reviews are to improve the quality and effectiveness of development
co-operation policies and systems, and to promote good development partnerships for better impact
on poverty reduction and sustainable development in developing countries. DAC peer reviews assess
the performance of a given member, not just that of its development co-operation agency, and examine
both policy and implementation. They take an integrated, system-wide perspective on the development
co-operation and humanitarian assistance activities of the member under review.
The peer review is prepared by a team, consisting of representatives of the Secretariat working with
officials from two DAC members who are designated as “examiners”. The country under review provides
a memorandum setting out the main developments in its policies and programmes. Then the Secretariat
and the examiners visit the capital to interview officials, parliamentarians, as well as civil society and
NGO representatives of the donor country to obtain a first hand insight into current issues surrounding
the development co-operation efforts of the member concerned. Field visits assess how members are
implementing the major DAC policies, principles and concerns, and review operations in recipient countries,
particularly with regard to poverty reduction, sustainability, gender equality and other aspects of participatory
development, and local aid co-ordination. During the field visit, the team meets with representatives of the
partner country’s administration, parliamentarians, civil society and other development partners.
The Secretariat then prepares a draft report on the member’s development co-operation which is the basis
for the DAC review meeting at the OECD. At this meeting senior officials from the member under review
respond to questions formulated by the Secretariat in association with the examiners.
This review contains the Main Findings and Recommendations of the Development Assistance Committee
and the report of the Secretariat. It was prepared with examiners from Spain and Sweden for the Peer Review
of Italy on 26 March 2014.
OECD Development Co-operation Peer Review ITALY2014 © OECD 2014 3

Table of contents
Abbreviations and acronyms 7
Italy’s aid at a glance 9
Context of Italy’s Peer Review 11
The DAC’s main findings and recommendations 13
Report 21
Chapter 1: Towards a comprehensive Italian development effort 23
Global development issues 23
Policy coherence for development 24
Engaging in partner countries: a co-ordinated government approach at partner country level 28
Financing for development 28
Chapter 2: Italy’s vision and policies for development co-operation 33
Policies, strategies and commitments 33
Decision-making 35
Policy focus 37
Chapter 3: Allocating Italy’s official development assistance 41
Overall ODA volume 41
Bilateral ODA allocations 44
Multilateral ODA channel 47
Chapter 4: Managing Italy’s development co-operation 53
Institutional system 53
Innovation and behaviour change 55
Human resources 57
Chapter 5: Italy’s development co-operation delivery and partnerships 61
Budgeting and programming processes 61
Partnerships 65
Fragile states 67
Chapter 6: Results and accountability of Italy’s development co-operation 71
Results-based management system 71
Evaluation system 72
Institutional learning 74
Communication, accountability, and development awareness 75
Chapter 7: Italy’s humanitarian assistance 81
Strategic framework 81
Effective programme design 82
Effective delivery, partnerships and instruments 84
Organisation fit for purpose 86
Results, learning and accountability 87
OECD Development Co-operation Peer Review ITALY2014 © OECD 2014 5
Table of contents
Annex A: Progress since the 2009 DAC peer review recommendations 91
Annex B: OECD statistics on official development assistance 95
Annex C: Field visit to Albania 103
Annex D: Institutional and organisational structures 113
Tables
Table B.1 Total financial flows 95
Table B.2 ODA by main categories 96
Table B.3 Bilateral ODA allocable by region and income group 97
Table B.4 Main recipients of bilateral ODA 98
Table B.5 Bilateral ODA by major purposes 99
Table B.6 Comparative aid performance 100
Figures
Figure 0.1 Italy’s implementation of 2009 peer review recommendations 9
Figure 0.2 Key events with an impact on development co-operation, 2010-13 11
Figure 2.1 Italy’s main drivers for selecting priority partner countries, 2013 36
Figure 3.1 Italy’s net ODA 41
Figure 3.2 Italy’s ODA by government department, 2011-12 43
Figure 3.3 Composition of Italy’s gross bilateral aid programme (2011) 44
Figure 3.4 Italy’s 24 priority partner countries and top 20 recipients of its ODA (2011-12) 46
Figure 3.5 Italy’s core and non-core contributions to multilateral agencies, 2011 (USD million) 47
Figure 6.1 Italians’ opinions on future development aid 76
Figure 7.1 Input targets in Italy’s new humanitarian policy 83
Figure A.1 Italy’s implementation of 2009 peer review recommendations 94
Figure B.1 Net ODA from DAC countries in 2012 101
Figure C.1 2013 portfolio of Italian development co-operation in Albania by sector 108
Figure D.1 Organisation chart for the Directorate Generalfor Development Co-operation 113
Boxes
Box 1.1. Italy’s policies on Albanian migration 27
Box 3.1 Strong links with Italian-based multilateral institutions 49
Box 4.1 DGCS’s central technical unit 55
Box 4.2 Human resources in the Directorate General for Development Co-operation (DGCS) 58
Box 5.1 Italy’s aid effectiveness marker 63
Box C.1 Donor co-ordination mechanisms in Albania 103
Box C.2 Migration: a case for implementing the whole-of-country approach 106
6 OECD Development Co-operation Peer Review ITALY 2014 © OECD 2014
Abbreviations and acronyms
AIDS Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccines and
Immunizations (now the GAVI Alliance)
ART Articulation of Territorial and Thematic
Networks of Cooperation for Human GDP Gross domestic product
Development (ART Global Initiative) GHD Good humanitarian donorship
CAP Consolidated Appeal Process GNI Gross national income
CERF Central Emergency Response Fund GPFI Global Partnership for Financial
(OCHA) Inclusion
CeSPi Centre for International Political HIPC Highly Indebted Poor Countries
Studies (Centro Studi di Politica
HIV Human immunodeficiency virus
Internazionale)
IATI International Aid Transparency
CIMIC Civil-military co-ordination
Initiative
CIPE Cross-ministerial Committee on
IFAD International Fund for Agricultural
Economic Planning (Comitato
Development
Interministeriale per la
Programmazione Economica) IFFlm International Finance Facility for
Immunization
COHAFA Working Party on Humanitarian Aid
and Food Aid (EU) IFIs International financial institutions
CPA Country programmable aid IITDC Inter-Institutional Table for
Development Co-operation (Tavolo
CSO Civil society organisation
Interinstituzionale per la Cooperazione
CTU Central technical unit (Unità Tecnica allo Sviluppo)
Centrale)
IOM International Organization for
DAC Development Assistance Committee Migration
(OECD)
LDCs Least developed countries
DEReC DAC Evaluation Resource Centre
MATTM Ministry of Environment (Ministero
DGCS Directorate General for Development dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del
Cooperation (Direzione Generale
Territorio e del Mare)
Cooperazione allo Sviluppo)
MDGs Millennium Development Goals
DRR Disaster risk reduction
MEF Ministry of Economy and Finance
DSDC Department of Strategy and Donor
MFA Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ministero
Co-ordination (Albania)
Affari Esteri)
DTS Donor Technical Secretariat (Albania)
MIC Monitoring and Information Centre (EU)
EC European Commission
MICI Minister for International Co-operation
ECHO European Commission Humanitarian and Integration (Ministro per la
Aid Office
Cooperazione Internazionale e
EDF European Development Fund l’Integrazione)
EDRIS European Emergency and Disaster MSMEs Micro, small and medium-sized
Response Information System enterprises
ERCC Emergency Response Coordination NGO Non-governmental organisation
Centre (EU)
NSDI National Strategy for Development and
EU European Union Integration (Albania)
FAO Food and Agriculture Organization of OCHA Office for the Coordination of
the United Nations Humanitarian Affairs (United Nations)
FDI Foreign direct investment ODA Official development assistance
OECD Development Co-operation Peer Review ITALY2014 © OECD 2014 7
Abbreviations and acronyms
PCD Policy coherence for development UNDESA United Nations Department of
PCM Project cycle management Economic and Social Affairs
PPP Public-private partnership UNESCO United Nations Educational, Scientific
and Cultural Organization
ROSS Rehabilitation, Occupation, Services
UNHCR Office of the United Nations High
and Development
Commissioner for Refugees
SIMEST Italy’s development finance institution
UNICEF United Nations Children’s Fund
SMEs Small and medium-sized enterprises
UTL Unita Tecnica Locale (Local technical
STREAM Synthetic, transparent, realistic,
unit)
exhaustive, agreed and measurable
WFP World Food Programme
UN United Nations
Signs Used
EUR Euro
USD United States dollars
( ) Secretariat estimate in whole or part
(Nil)
0.0 Negligible
.. Not available
… Not available separately, but included in total
n.a. Not applicable
Slight discrepancies in totals are due to rounding.
Annual average exchange rate: 1USD = EUR
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
0.7305 0.6933 0.7181 0.755 0.7192 0.778
8 OECD Development Co-operation Peer Review ITALY 2014 © OECD 2014