Ocean Space Utilization ’85: Proceedings of the International Symposium Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan, June 1985 Volume 2

677 Pages·1985·20.422 MB·English

by  H. G. Delauze (auth.), W. Kato, B. C. Gerwick Jr., M. Homma, R. Lenschow, O. T. Magoon, C. C. Mei, S. Motora, K. Okamura, J. Penzien (eds.)

Ocean Space
Utilization '85
Proceedings of the International Symposium
Nihon University, Tokyo, Japan, June 1985
Volume 2
Editor: W. Kato
Associate Editors: B.C. Gerwick, Jr., M. Homma,
R. Lenschow, O. T. Magoon
With 351 Figures
Springer-Verlag
Tokyo Berlin Heidelberg New York
W.Kato
Department of Architecture
College of Science and Technology
Nihon University
Kanda Surugadai
Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo
101 Japan
ISBN-13: 978-4-431-68286-8 e-ISBN-13: 978-4-431-68284-4
DOl: 10.1007/978-4-431-68284-4
All rights reserved. No partofthis publication may be reproduced ortransmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any information storage and
retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher.
©Springer-VerIagTokyoI985
Softcover reprint of the hardcover 1st edition 1985
Preface
Ocean development has conventionally been targeted at the
exploitation of natural resources, however this trend is
gradually changing: Ocean space has itself come to be regarded
as a precious resource. Since problems associated with energy,
food supply, and population will become even more crucial over
the coming years, ocean space is being reevaluated as a means
for providing solutions in many of these areas. The future
prosperity of mankind will to a large measure be dependent on
the manner in which the resources of the oceans are utilized.
To develop ocean space effectively, international cooperation
is essential since a global perspective is paramount. It is on
this basis of cooperation and communication that the present
symposium was organized, bringing together experts from all
over the world to report current findings in ocean development
and to consider areas of future research. The material covered
here deals with all aspects of these areas which are now of
such of vital importance.
M. Takanashi
Symposium Chairman
President of Nihon University
Symposium Committees
Chairman
M. Takanashi (Nihon University, Japan)
Vice-Chairman
M. Homma (The University of Tokyo, Japan)
w.
Kato (Nihon University, Japan)
S. Motora (Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Japan)
K. Okamura (Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, Japan)
M. Sato (Nihon University, Japan)
Overseas Honorary Members
C.L. Bretschneider (University of Hawaii, USA)
J.P. Craven (University of Hawaii, USA)
B.C. Gerwick, Jr. (University of California, USA)
R. Lacroix (A L'ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chausses, France)
R. Lenschow (University of Trondheim, Norway)
O.T. Magoon (American Shore and Beach Preservation Association,
USA)
J.C. McCall (NOAA Data Buoy Center, USA)
C.C. Mei (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA)
J. Penzien (University of California, USA)
A.F. Richards (FUGRO B.V., The Netherland)
O.C. Zienkiewicz (University College of Swansea, UK)
Organizing Committee Chairman
K. Shibata (Nihon University, Japan)
Steering Committee Chairman
W. Kato (Nihon University, Japan)
Executive Committee General Chairman
K. Kawanishi (Nihon University, Japan)
Secretary General
J. Motooka (Nihon University, Japan)
International Reviewing and Editorial Board
Editor
w. Kato (Nihon University)
Associate Editors
B.C. Gerwick, Jr. (University of California, USA)
M. Homma (The University of Tokyo, Japan)
R. Lenschow (University of Trondheim, Norway)
O.T. Magoon (American Shore and Beach Preservation Association,
USA)
C.C. Mei (Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA)
S. Motora (Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Japan)
K. Okamura (Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, Japan)
J. Penzien (University of California, USA)
Board Member
Y. Arai (Ministry of Transport, Japan)
C.L. Bretschneider (University of Hawaii, USA)
J.P. Craven (University of Hawaii, USA)
F. Gerritsen (University of Hawaii, USA)
H. Harada (Kajima Corporation, Japan)
H.S. Hou (Institute of Harbour and Marine Technology, ROC)
K. Katawaki (Ministry of Construction, Japan)
Y. Kasai (Nihon University, Japan)
M. Kawahara (Chuo University, Japan)
T. Kinoshita (The Universtiy of Tokyo, Japan)
K. Kishitani (The University of Tokyo, Japan)
K. Kobayashi (The University of tokyo, Japan)
R. Kobayashi (Taisei Corporation, Japan)
S. Konno (Fukui Medical School, Japan)
T. Kuroki (Nihon University, Japan)
R. Lacroix (A L'ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussees, France)
H. Maeda (The University of Tokyo, Japan)
M. Makita (Ministry of Construction, Japan)
O. Matsuoka (Nagoya University, Japan)
T. Matsuzaki (IBM, Japan)
J.C. McCall (NOAA Data Buoy Center, USA)
J. Motooka (Nihon University, Japan)
Y. Nagao (Kyoto University, Japan)
M. Nakamura (National Research Institute of Fisheries Engineering,
Japan)
T. Nishimura (Nihon University, Japan)
S. Ohkusa (Tokai University Japan)
M. Ohkusu (Kyushu University, Japan)
Y.Ohhama (Nihon University, Japan)
A. F. Richards (FUGRO B.V., The Netherland)
x
o. Saijo (Nihon University, Japan)
T.Sakou (Tokai University, Japan)
M. Sakuta (Nihon University, Japan)
R. Tanaka (Japanese Association for Steel Pipe Piles, Japan)
N. Tosaka (Nihon University, Japan)
Y. Yamanouchi (Mitsui Engineering and Shipbuilding Co., Ltd.,
Japan)
K. Yoshida (The University of Tokyo, Japan)
O.C. Zienkiewicz (University College of Swansea, UK)
Working Group of Nihon University
Chairman:
T. Nishimura
Secretaries:
K. Kamizono, K. Masuda
Members:
K. Hotta, A. Ito, T. Kawanishi, T. Kondo, A. Kuroyanagi,
G. Shimizu, S. Togawa, N. Yokouchi
Table of Contents
Special Session
3. Review of Ocean Space Utilization Projects
SAGA I: A Long Range Autonomous Submarine
(H.G. Delauze) .........•....•••••..••..••..............•• 3
An Analysis of Offshore Man-Made Islands
(T. Matsumoto) . . • . . . . . . • . . . . . • • • • . . . . • • • . . • • . . . • . • . • . . . • • 7
Conception of Offshore Fishery Base
(T. Soh) . . . . . . . . . • • . . . • • . . • • • • . . • • • • . . • . . • • • . . . . • • . . . . . • • 15
Technical Session: Coastal Zone Utilization and Management
1. Coastal Zone Managemnt
Urban Waterfront Revitalization
(T.R. Hudspeth) ...•................•.....•.....•••••.•••• 25
Ocean Utilization and Economic Conflicts in the Coastal Zone
(R.H. Charlier) . . . . . . . . • . . • • • • . . . . • • • . . . . . . • . • . . • • • • • • • . • 37
A Direction and Policy for Coastal Zone Management in Japan
(S. Shikada, M. Mino, K. Haji, T. Moriuchi, A. Arakawa,
H. Nishijima, E. Nagasaki) ..........•..•...•••..•..••.•.. 45
Citizen Participation in Environmental Policy Making in
the Coastal Area: Some Lessons from a Cross-National Study
(T. Abe, T. Tsurutani, N.P. Lovrich, J.C. Pierce) ......... 51
The Coastal Zone Atlas as a Potential Tool for Citizen
Participation in Japanese Coastal Area Planning
(H.A. Shapiro) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . • . . . . . . . • • . . 59
2. Coastal Zone Planning
An Activities Allocation Model Considering Interactive
Effects for Coastal Zone Planning
(Y. Nagao, T. Morikawa) •.....•.•.....••..••..•........•.• 87
Marine Recreation: An Advancing Technology for Future Ocean
Space Technology
(T. Morash) ............•................................. 95
A Study on the Effect of the Location of the Sea City
as a Solution to Urban Problems
(N. Yokouchi, S. Sakurai, H. Satoh) 103
XII
A Theoretical Study of the Ocean Space Utilization Planning
for the Urban Coastal Water .
(H. Miyazaki, T. Kondo, A. Kuroyanagi, S. Araya) 111
Waterfront Environment Planning for Urban Coastal Area
(Y. Arai) ............................................... . 121
3. Development Project and Planning
The Port Island Development in Kobe City as an Urban Complex
Artificial Island
( S. Waki) ............................................... . 131
Prerequisites for Ports and Harbors in the 21st Century:
Case Study of Beppu Port
(Y. Yabe, T. Maeda) ..................................... . 143
Research on the Development of Deep Water Port of Taiwan
District
(H.S. Hou, C.F. Wang) 151
New Concept of Offshore Fishery Base for Effective
Utilization of 200 Miles EEZ: A Method of Select the Position
of Japanese Ocean Space
(A. Kashimura, A. Kuroyanagi, T. Miyazaki, T. Kondo, T. Soh,
W. Kato) ................................................. 169
A Case Study on a Project by a Fisheries Cooperative
(I. Sakai, K. Mitsuhashi) ................................ 179
A Fundamental Consideration for the Fishery Environmental
Impact Evaluation Using the Matrix Network Method
(T.Otsuki) .............................................. 187
4. Coastal Process
Changes in Littoral Processes due to Construction of
Nearshore Structures
(F. Gerritsen, V. Dayananda) 197
Long-Term Prediction Model of Phosphorus in Bed Material
( T. Hor ie ) .............................................. . 205
Environmental Assessment of Waste Water Disposal from
Sewage Treatment Plant: A Case Study
(A. Murota, K. Nakatsuji) ............................... . 213
Enhancement of Oceanic Productivity through Application
of Municipal Sewage
(D.A. Segar, E. Stamman, P.G. Davis) 221
A New Model for a Prediction of Beach Deformation around
a River Mouth
(T. Sawaragi, J. Lee, I. Deguchi) 229
Optimization of a Shore Protection Scheme for the West Coast
of India
(J.R. Weggel, N. Rajendran) 237
5. Environmental and Safety Management
A Global Comparison of Contamination in Populated Estuaries
and Coastal Waters
(D.A. Segar,P.G. Davis, E. Stamman) 251
XIII
Prevention of Escaping Oil from Mechanical Barriers
in the Presence of Water Currents
(K. Ueda, Y. Ueta) ....................................... 259
Interaction between Fresh Water and Sediment in Hachinohe
Harbor
(M. Natori, K. Nikaido) 267
Sensitivity of the Kuwait Coastal Environment to Potential
Oil Spill Impact
(D. AI-Bakri, W. Shublaq, Z. AI-Sheikh, W. Kittaneh) 275
Some Problems of Environmental Investigation and Assessment
(M. Shinozaki, Y. Shinozaki) ............................. 285
The Utilization of Ocean Space for Waste Disposal: Changing
Perspectives
(M.A. Champ, S. Panem) 297
Marine Biotechnology and Pollution Control
(S.M. Lyons, S. Panem) ................................... 307
Ocean Dumping of Industrial Wastes
(I.W. Duedall, P.K. Park, D.R. Kester) 315
6. National and Regional Planning
Planning for the Comprehensive Management of Ocean Space
(Y. Ohtahara, T. Kondo, M. Inoue, H. Tsuji, S. Hamada) 325
Coal Transhipment Centers: An Economic Development Potential
for the Emerging Micronesian Governments in the Pacific
(M.K. Actouka) .......................................... . 331
Coastal Development and Governmkent's Policies in Singapore
(N. Matsumoto) .......................................... . 341
Research on the Development of Wai-Shan-Ding Barrier,
SW Coast of Taiwan, R.O.C.
(H.S. Hou, C.F. Wang, T.J. Wang) 353
The Ise Bay Management and Development Plan for the 21st
Century
(T. Iijima, A. Kaneko, I. Fukuda) 365
East River Development Project
(F.D. Chu, T.Omholt, M O'Keefe) 375
Roles of Fishing Ports and Communities in Use and Control
of the Sea
(S. Sakai) 381
Techniical Session: Materials and Construction
1. Design of Concrete
Flexural Behavior of Ferrocement with Carbon Fiber
Reinforced Cement as a Matrix
(Y. Ohama, A. Shirai) .................................... 391
Water Leak Tests of Ferrocement in Tension
(Y. Kobayashi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 399
Polymer Concrete Composites for Concrete Ocean Structures
(K.G. Babu) .............................................. 407