ebook img

Occupational Emergency Medicine PDF

289 Pages·2011·6.265 MB·English
by  
Save to my drive
Quick download
Download
Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.

Preview Occupational Emergency Medicine

Occupational Emergency Medicine Occupational Emergency Medicine Edited by Michael I. Greenberg © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-405-18071-9 *The views expressed in this book are those of the authors and do not refl ect the offi cial policy of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. Occupational Emergency Medicine EDITED BY Michael I. Greenberg MD MPH FAAEM FACPM FACOEM Professor of Emergency Medicine Professor of Public Health Drexel University College of Medicine Philadelphia, PA USA Associate Editor James M. Madsen MD MPH FCAP FACOEM* United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences Bethesda, MD USA This edition fi rst published 2011, © 2011 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd BMJ Books is an imprint of BMJ Publishing Group Limited, used under licence by Blackwell Publishing which was acquired by John Wiley & Sons in February 2007. Blackwell’s publishing programme has been merged with Wiley’s global Scientifi c, Technical and Medical business to form Wiley-Blackwell. Registered offi ce: John Wiley & Sons Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offi ces: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA` For details of our global editorial offi ces, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permission to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell The right of the author to be identifi ed as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. This publication is designed to provide accurate and authoritative information in regard to the subject matter covered. It is sold on the understanding that the publisher is not engaged in rendering professional services. If professional advice or other expert assistance is required, the services of a competent professional should be sought. The contents of this work are intended to further general scientifi c research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting a specifi c method, diagnosis, or treatment by physicians for any particular patient. The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifi cally disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fi tness for a particular purpose. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifi cations, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant fl ow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. Readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data: Occupational emergency medicine / edited by Michael I. Greenberg ; associate editor, James M. Madsen. p. ; cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-4051-8071-9 1. Occupational diseases. 2. Medical emergencies. 3. Industrial toxicology. 4. Toxicological emergencies. I. Greenberg, Michael I. II. Madsen, James M. [DNLM: 1. Emergencies. 2. Occupational Diseases—therapy. 3. Accidents, Occupational. 4. Emergency Service, Hospital. 5. Occupational Exposure—adverse effects. WA 400] RC964.O253 2011 616.9’803—dc22 2010027212 ISBN: 978-1-4051-8071-9 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. This book is published in the following electronic formats: ePDF 9781444329636; Wiley Online Library 9781444329629; ePub 9781444329643 Set in 9/12pt Meridien by MPS Limited, a Macmillan Company, Chennai, India 1 2011 Contents List of Contributors, vii 1 Introduction, 1 James M. Madsen 2 Potentially Lethal Occupational Exposures, 13 Christina Price and Dennis P. Price 3 Occupational Dermatology: Issues for the Emergency Department, 29 David Vearrier 4 Occupational Infections, 46 Amy J. Behrman 5 Occupational Toxicology, 75 John A. Curtis and David A. Haggerty 6 Work-Related Trauma and Injury, 84 Mark Saks and Brad A. Rahaman 7 Occupationally Based Disaster Medicine, 96 James M. Madsen 8 Work-Related Ocular Injuries, 102 Joseph L. D’Orazio 9 Occupational Pulmonary Disease, 116 Michael G. Holland 10 Occupational Illness and Injury in Law Enforcement Personnel, 140 Richard T. Tovar 11 Occupational Illness and Injury in Firefi ghters, 152 Richard T. Tovar 12 Occupational Illness and Injury in Prehospital Care Personnel, 162 Derek L. Isenberg and Carin M. Van Gelder 13 Health Hazards and Emergency Care for Health Care Workers, 175 Amy J. Behrman 14 Occupational Concerns for Truckers and Drivers, 199 Natalie P. Hartenbaum v vi Contents 15 Unusual Problems in Occupational Emergency Medicine, 209 Edward A. Ramoska and Guneesh Saluja 16 Arts Medicine: An Overview for Emergency Physicians, 216 Robert T. Sataloff and Mary J. Hawkshaw 17 Occupational Hearing Loss: An Overview for Emergency Physicians, 225 Robert T. Sataloff, Mary J. Hawkshaw, and Joseph Sataloff 18 Voice Disorders: An Overview for Emergency Physicians, 239 Robert T. Sataloff and Mary J. Hawkshaw Appendix, 260 Index, 269 The color plate section can be found facing p. 168 List of Contributors Amy J. Behrman MD Derek L. Isenberg MD, Joseph Sataloff MD, DSc Division of Occupational Medicine, NREMT-P Department of Otolaryngology, Head Department of Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania School of Yale University School of Medicine, Thomas Jefferson University, Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA Philadelphia, PA, USA Philadelphia, PA, USA James M. Madsen MD, MPH, Robert T. Sataloff MD, DMA, John A. Curtis MD FCAP, FACOEM FACS Department of Emergency Medicine, United States Army Medical Research Department of Otolaryngology, Head Drexel University College of Medicine, Institute of Chemical Defense, and Neck Surgery, Philadelphia, PA, USA Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD and Drexel University College of Medicine, Uniformed Services University of the Philadelphia, PA, USA Joseph L. D’Orazio MD Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD Division of Medical Toxicology, Richard T. Tovar MD, FACEP, Department of Emergency Medicine, Christina Price MD FACMT Albert Einstein Medical Center, Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin Philadelphia, PA, USA University of New Mexico, and New Berlin Police and Fire Santa Fe, NM, USA Department, David A. Haggerty MD Delafi eld, WI, USA Department of Emergency Medicine, Dennis P. Price MD Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Carin M. Van Gelder MD Philadelphia, PA, USA New York University, Department of Emergency Medicine, New York, NY, USA Yale University School of Medicine, Natalie P. Hartenbaum MD, New Haven, CT, USA MPH, FACOEM Brad A. Rahaman MD, MS OccuMedix, Inc., Dresher, PA and Department of Emergency Medicine, David Vearrier MD Division of Occupational Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Division of Medical Toxicology, Department of Emergency Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Albert Einstein Healthcare Network, Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA Edward A. Ramoska MD, MPH, Philadelphia, PA, USA FACEP Mary J. Hawkshaw BSN, RN, Department of Emergency Medicine, CORLN Drexel University College of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology, Head Philadelphia, PA, USA and Neck Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Mark Saks MD, MPH Philadelphia, PA, USA Department of Emergency Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Michael G. Holland MD, FAACT, Philadelphia, PA, USA FACMT, FACOEM, FACEP Department of Emergency Medicine, Guneesh Saluja MD SUNY Upstate Medical University, Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical Toxicologist, Upstate New Drexel University College of Medicine, York Poison Center, Syracuse Philadelphia, PA, USA vii Plate 12.1 Thirty minutes after 0.5 cm3 of 1:1,000 epinephrine injected into the long fi nger fat at the black dot, 0.5 cm3 of 1:10,000 epinephrine into the ring fi nger (blue dot), and 0.5 cm3 of 1:100,000 epinephrine injected into the small fi nger of the left hand (red dot). Note that the distal phalanx of the small fi nger is not pale, and that the long and ring fi ngers are completely white. (Reproduced from ref. [52], with permission from Springer.) Plate 12.2 Twenty minutes after injection of 1 cm3 of pure 1:1,000 epinephrine into the little fi nger. (Reproduced from ref. [52], with permission from Plate12.3 Same fi nger 6 h later. (Reproduced from ref. Springer.) [52], with permission from Springer.) Occupational Emergency Medicine Edited by Michael I. Greenberg © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-405-18071-9 Plate 15.1 High-pressure injection injury to the hand. Plate 15.2 Wringer injury of the forearm. CHAPTER 1 Introduction James M. Madsen* United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD and Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD Introduction the recognition, stabilization, evaluation, treatment, and disposition of patients in response to acute This book is designed primarily for the busy illness and injury,” and characterized the relevant emergency physician in search of a practical guide patient population as unrestricted and presenting to occupational medicine in the emergency depart- “with a full spectrum of episodic, undifferentiated ment. Occupational physicians should also fi nd physical and behavioral conditions [4].” The last of in it a useful perspective on the approach to occupa- six chief duties of an emergency physician as elabo- tional medicine in a venue not traditionally consid- rated by this statement was “(6) the provision of ered an occupational-medicine setting. Hopefully, this continuing occupational medical services, including text will also throw light onto the heretofore-little- illness and injury prevention and management, and illuminated interface between two crucial specialties. patient rehabilitation [4].” Subsequent defi nitions of the specialty [5–9] have continued to empha- size these principles, including the role of emer- Emergency medicine, occupational gency providers in the provision of occupational medicine, and their intersection medicine. The most recent ACEP policy statement emphasizes the triple role of emergency physicians In the 1970s and 1980s, emergency physicians in (a) providing “rapid assessment and treatment of proposed several defi nitions of their unique role any patient with a medical emergency;” (b) “initial in clinical medicine [1–3]. A special document assessment and care of any medical condition that prepared by the American College of Emergency a patient believes requires urgent attention;” and Physicians (ACEP) Practice Management Committee (c) “medical care for individuals who lack access to and approved by the ACEP Board of Directors other avenues of care [9].” defi ned emergency medicine as encompassing “the Occupational medicine has similarly seen a pro- immediate decision making and action necessary to gression of defi nitions over the years [10]. One prevent death or any further disability for patients useful perspective is to consider occupational medi- in health crises,” described the specialty as “patient- cine “that practice of medicine which (i) focuses on demanded, broadly available, and continuously enhancing and maintaining the health of people accessible care by physicians trained to engage in at work, ensuring they operate safely considering any health issues they may have; and (ii) contrib- utes to organizational effectiveness of enterprises *The views expressed in this chapter are those of the author by providing expert medical advice to manage- and do not refl ect the offi cial policy of the Department of the Army, the Department of Defense, or the U.S. ment [11].” Strictly speaking, occupational medi- Government. cine, often grouped with environmental medicine as “occupational and environmental medicine,” refers to the medical care, by properly trained Occupational Emergency Medicine Edited by Michael I. Greenberg © 2011 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-405-18071-9 physicians, of patients with health or safety 1

See more

The list of books you might like

Most books are stored in the elastic cloud where traffic is expensive. For this reason, we have a limit on daily download.