Occlusion Made Easy PDF
Preview Occlusion Made Easy
' I . • cc us1on 1 IMADE EASY Collection manager: Patrick Simonet Gerard Duminil with Olivier Laplariche Re Jean-Philippe and earlier Jean-Fran~ois Translated from French by Maria Nachib • Presse Edition Multimedia I Occlusion made easy Authors Gerard DUMINIL Doctor in Dental Surgery Doctor in Dental Sciences Private Practice, Nice France Olivier LAPLANCHE Associate Professor (Nice Sophia Antipolis University) France Hospital practitioner 2 Jean-Franc;ois CARLIER Doctor in Dental Surgery Former Asistant Professor at the UFR (Teaching and Research Unit) of Reims France Jean-Philippe RE Associate Professor (Aix-Marseille University) Hospital practitioner (Public Hospitals of Marseille) France Acknowledgments to ©Printed by Corlet lmprimeur SA - 1411 O Condet-sur-Noireau - Printer Identification Number: 179111. Legal deposit : 1st quarter 2016- ISBN 978-2-36134-032-2 "Any representation or reproduction, be it partial or complete, without the express approval of the author or the entitled parties or the legal successors and the publisher, is illegal" (article 40, section 1). Such representation or reproduction, by any process whatsoever, would thus constitute an infringement sanctioned by articles 425 et seq. of the French Penal Code. Foreword Peter Bausch T oday, for many patients, aesthetically appealing prosthetic fittings plays a major role in lifestyle. In many cases the focus is therefore on aesthetics, where function often takes a backseat. Occlusion -antagonist contacts between teeth in static and dynamic, is an important key to successful therapy, therefore, the physiological reconstruction of the chewing surfaces in static and dynamic occlusion, taking into account the biomechanical function of the components 3 involved is still an important milestone for a functioning prosthetic or restorative case. This book by Dr. Gerard Duminil and Dr. Olivier Laplanche is a competent advisor with many clinical examples for the practitioner. On the basis of appealing 3D illustrations, complex treatment is shown in simple steps therefore easy to follow for self studying. Similarly, the complexities of the Stomatognathic System, neurological and muscular structures are shown as descriptive images and explanations. As a manufacturer of occlusion testing materials for more than 60 years, we have continuously monitored and accompanied the development and progress in dentistry. In the heyday, many important principles researched on Gnathology still endure. Dr. Gerard Duminil and Dr. Olivier Laplanche have manifested these basics and developed them further in their book. This can be seen as Guide and Advisor for every dentist, which aims to implement successful therapy of prosthetic and restorative treatment in daily practice. From our point of view, this book stands out to those that have been written in recent years on the subject of occlusion with a scientific focus. The authors invested a lot of time and conviction in this project for others to benefit from their knowledge and experience. We hope that you are as excited as we at reading this book and would like to thank the authors Dr. Gerard Duminil and Dr. Olivier Laplanche for an outstanding result. Occlusion made easy 4 Acknowledgments This work is the outcome of a great collaboration with Olivier Laplanche, my main co-author, who did me a favour by sharing this adventure with me. I also wish to thank Jean-Franc;ois earlier and Jean-Philippe Re, which used their skills to help me in the writing of two important chapters, Patrick Simonet, who asked me to carry out this work and closely followed the process, and the Information Dentaire staff for their involvement and the quality of their work. The illustrations are the expression of my son's-Yann Duminil, aka "Mooz"-, graphic designer talent. It was a great pleasure to work with him on this project. I 'd also like to thank Pierre Carpentier who let me use his magnificent anatomy images, Peter Baush who was kind enough to write the foreword as well as Jean-Daniel Orthlieb, Edith Hamou, Pierre Pedeutour and Claude Schiff for their advice and their photographic and radiological documents. To my mentor Jean-Franc;ois Michel, and to my colleagues and friends at the College National d'Occlusodontologie. Finally, I wish to dedicate this work to my wife Pascale whose patience was put to the test by my unavailability during the writing of this book. Preface Patrick Simonet Doctor in Dental Surgery Master of Science, University of Michigan; Ann Arbor, USA Fellow of the International College of Dentists R eleasing a new book is always an exciting moment for a publisher. Suddenly, a virtual idea launched months before becomes actual and tangible. The view of an author, who dedicated a lot of time and intellectual energy to arrange his thoughts, can finally be shared with the largest number. The book written by Gerard Duminil brings this kind of thrill, but it also has 5 three other specificities. it is the first book to be released in a new series published by the Groupe Espace ID under the name ... Made easy. The main purpose of this series is to take some distance from what already exists in our odontological world to dig directly into the core of things, with no useless speeches, while deliberately adopting a practical, pragmatic and pedagogical approach. This book has brilliantly overcome all these challenges. The topic (occlusion) stands itself at the crossroads of almost all our professional activities. Every practitioner knows that checking and adjusting occlusion is a key element in the success of many of our treatments. Unfortunately, this science is still often perceived as too complicated, even unintelligible. Here again, clinicians able to synthesize their knowledge without making it ridiculously simplistic were needed. The pedagogical qualities of the author and his co-authors have been acclaimed for a long time by our profession. Finally ahd more personally, a longtime friendship connects me to Gerard Duminil and a genuine passion for this specialty has always permeated our respective professional lives. I could not have dreamt of a better collaboration and topic for this first publication. I am deeply grateful for his spontaneous trust: from a few guidelines shared one evening, he accepted the very visual specifications that I wished to develop in this new book series. After reading this book, I am convinced you will all agree that the choice of the author was relevant and that checking and adjusting occlusion can be done ... Made easy! Occlusion made easy 6 Editor's note Teeth numbering used in this book is the International Standards Organization Designation System (ISO System) recommended by the World Health Organization. Contents Foreword .. . ................ . ... . . . .......... . ......... 3 General notions . . . ......................... . .......... 8 2 Functional occlusion ... .. ........................ . .... 19 7 3 Centric relation ... . . . . .. ....... . ... . .. .. .... .. .. . ... . . 37 4 Mandibular movements . ...... . ..... . .... . ... . . . ...... 49 5 Clinical examination of the temporomandibular disorders (TMD) ............. . .. . ... . ......... . ....... . 61 6 Examination of the occlusion . . ... . ....... . ......... . .. . 85 7 Classification of the TMD ....... .. . ... .. . ........ ~ ..... 111 8 Mounting on the articulator ..... . ..................... 131 9 Instrumental occlusal analysis ......... . ..... .. .... . ... 153 10 Occlusal splints . ..... . ...... .. ........ . ... . .. . . . . .. .. 167 11 Occlusal adjustment . . ....... . ...... . ................ 185 12 Prosthodontic in daily practice ............... . ........ 205 Afterword ....................... . .. . .......... . . . .. . . 223 Occlusion made easy General notions Defining the occlusion as the relationship between the dental arches when the jaw closes is much too restrictive. The dental arches are only one element among several in a biological entity k0own as the manducatory apparatus. The manducatory apparatus controls the functions of mastication, deglutition and phonation. It also takes part in the breathing, yawning as well as in the mimicry. The goal of this chapter is to set the scene and present the role of the various elements taking part in these functions. We will not write an elaborate anatomical or physiological description, but rather provide 8 some basic knowledge which is necessary to understand the mechanisms of occlusion; the reader can refer to more specialized books if he/she wants to learn more about these notions. Within the manducatory apparatus, we will describe interactive and interdependent systems : the temporomandibular joint, the masticatory muscles and the dental arches. These three components are traditionally called the anatomic determinants of the manducatory apparatus. The actions and interactions inside this apparatus are coordinated by the central nervous system, which is the fourth determinant. Let us note that a hierarchy exists in this functioning which gives the priority to the comfort of the dental arches over the articular and muscular systems. The temporomandibular joint General notions The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) presents two remarkable specificities .cbmpared to the other articulations in the human body. " The first one is that both joints are paired, the left and right being linked to the same bone: the mandible. As a result, any movement on one side simultaneously generates a movement on the opposite side (Fig. 1). 1 Each movement of the mandible simultaneously involves both articulations of the TMJ. 1 General notions The second specificity concerns the TMJ movement capacity. During mandibular movements, the TMJ is the site of complex movements, combining at the same time translation and rotation movements. This is made possible thanks to the specific anatomical structure of the TMJ which, between "the osseous components, has an ,articular disk delimiting two distinct joint compartments. A brief anatomical description is necessary to understand the specificity of these joints; for further information, the readers are invited to turn to more specialized documents. One osseous component is located on the mandible, the other one under the skull: - The mandibular condyle, also called the head of the mandible, 2 Top view showing has an oblong shape and its main transverse axis is obliquely and the orientation backwards orientated (Fig. 2); of condyles. 9 - The temporal articular surface, called the "mandibular fossa", is located in front of the external auditory meatus which limits its posterior aspect. The articular eminence represents the anterior part of the joint, it is convex in the sagittal direction. The mandibular and cranial articular surfaces are covered with fibrocartilage but are not in direct contact (Fig. 3). External fossa Temporal condyle 3 Lower view of the cranial articular cavity.
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