Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Volume 4, Second Edition

318 Pages·2002·2.086 MB·English

VOLUME
4
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Second Edition
WPA Series
Evidence and Experience in Psychiatry
Obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder,SecondEdition. EditedbyMarioMaj,NormanSartorius,AhmedOkashaand
JosephZohar.
#2002JohnWiley&SonsLtd.ISBN:0-470-84966-5
Other Titles in the WPA Series
Evidence and Experience in
Psychiatry
Volume 1—Depressive Disorders, Second Edition
Mario Maj and Norman Sartorius
Volume 2—Schizophrenia, Second Edition
Mario Maj and Norman Sartorius
Volume 3—Dementia, Second Edition
Mario Maj and Norman Sartorius
Volume 5—Bipolar Disorder
Mario Maj, Hagop S. Akiskal, Juan Jose´ Lo´pez-Ibor and
Norman Sartorius
VOLUME
4
Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder
Second Edition
Edited by
Mario Maj
University of Naples, Italy
Norman Sartorius
University of Geneva, Switzerland
Ahmed Okasha
Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
Joseph Zohar
Tel Aviv University, Israel
WPA Series
Evidence and Experience in Psychiatry
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Contents
List of ReviewContributors xi
Preface xiii
CHAPTER1 DIAGNOSISOF OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE
DISORDER 1
Diagnosis of Obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder:
AReview 1
A.Okasha
COMMENTARIES
1.1 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:Towardsa
Diagnosisby Etiology 20
G.Nestadt
1.2 Assessment and Management of
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 22
A.Rothenberg
1.3 Subtypesof Obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder? 25
M.A. Riddle
1.4 DissectingObsessive-CompulsiveDisorder into
Subtypes 26
M.L. Berthier
1.5 The Diagnosisof Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
and ItsSubtypes 29
E.C. Migueland A.G. Hounie
1.6 Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms:
Implications for Treatment 32
L. Ravizza, U.Albert,G.Mainaand F. Bogetto
1.7 Insightand PsychologicalAspects of
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 34
Y.G.Papakostas and G.N. Christodoulou
1.8 The Role of Overvalued Ideas andBiological
Markersinthe Diagnosisof Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder 37
F. Neziroglu
vi CONTENTS
1.9 Research on DiagnosisofObsessive-Compulsive
Disorder in Latin America 39
H. Nicolini
CHAPTER 2 PHARMACOLOGICAL TREATMENTOF
OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE DISORDER 43
PharmacologicalTreatment of
Obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder: A Review 43
J. Zohar, Y. Sasson, M.Chopra,
D. Amital and I. Iancu
COMMENTARIES
2.1 Pharmacotherapy ofObsessive-Compulsive
Disorder: Accomplishment, Unanswered Questions
andNew Directions 62
T.A.Pigott
2.2 Beyond SerotoninReuptake Inhibitors:
DoWe HaveOur Second Wind? 65
C.J.McDougle
2.3 Future Pharmacotherapy for Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder: 5-HT Agonists and Beyond 68
2
P.L. Delgado
2.4 Commentson the Pharmacological Treatment
ofObsessive-CompulsiveDisorder 71
M.R.Mavissakalian
2.5 The Expanding Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Evidence Base 73
L.M.Koran
2.6 The Heterogeneity ofObsessive-Compulsive
Disorder and ItsImplications for Treatment 76
L. Bellodi
2.7 Pharmacotherapy ofObsessive-Compulsive Disorder:
Questionsfor theNext Decade 79
M. Arato
2.8 Recent ProgressandOpenIssues in the
Pharmacological Approach toObsessive-
CompulsiveDisorder 82
J.A.Yaryura-Tobias
2.9 Treatmentand Neurobiology of Obsessive-
CompulsiveDisorder 84
J.A.den Boer
CONTENTS vii
2.10 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:Pharmacological
Decision 86
J.Ananth
2.11 Serotonergic Antidepressants inObsessive-
Compulsive Personality Disorder 89
M.Ansseau
2.12 Drug Treatmentof Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:
Dark Past,BrightPresent, but Glowing Future 91
P. Blier
CHAPTER3 PSYCHOTHERAPIES FOR OBSESSIVE-
COMPULSIVE DISORDER 93
Psychotherapies for Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder: AReview 93
E.B. Foa and M.E. Franklin
COMMENTARIES
3.1 EffectiveBehavioural Therapy Constrained:
Dissemination isthe Issue 116
J.H. Greist
3.2 Can We Enhance theEffectsof Cognitive-Behavioural
Therapy in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder? 119
P.M.G. Emmelkamp
3.3 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:Symptom-directed
Behavioural Techniques and Beyond 122
I.Hand
3.4 Is theCombination of Antidepressants with
Cognitive-Behavioural Therapy the Most Potent
Treatment Possibility in Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder? 125
A.J.L.M. van Balkom
3.5 CognitiveTherapy and Behavioural Therapy in
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:in Searchof the
Process 129
J.Cottraux
3.6 Obsessional Problems: NewerCognitive-Behavioural
Approaches Are a Workin Progress 131
P.M. Salkovskis
3.7 CurrentIssues in theUse of Behavioural Therapy
for Obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder 134
K.A.Kobak and B.C. Riemann
viii CONTENTS
3.8 Cognitive-BehaviouralTherapy andIntegrated
Approaches in theTreatment of Obsessive-
CompulsiveDisorder 136
F. Hohagen
3.9 Mindful Awareness:the Key to Successful
Self-directed Treatment Strategies 139
J.M. Schwartz
3.10 The Role of Cognitive Therapy inthe Treatment
ofObsessive-CompulsiveDisorder 142
L.M.Drummond
3.11 Psychodynamic Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive
Conditions 144
D. Shapiro
CHAPTER 4 CHILD AND ADOLESCENTOBSESSIVE-
COMPULSIVE DISORDER 147
Child and Adolescent Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder: AReview 147
M.F.Flament and D.Cohen
COMMENTARIES
4.1 Theoretical andClinical Implicationsof the
Spectrum of Childhood Obsessionality 184
R.A. King
4.2 Developmental Perspectivesin PediatricOnset
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder 187
D.A.Geller
4.3 AConcept of Disorder in Some Disorder 190
D. Bolton
4.4 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: a Model for
Closing the ‘‘Gap’’betweenAdultand Pediatric
Psychiatry 192
J. DeVeaugh-Geiss
4.5 The Spectrum of Obsessive-Compulsive Symptoms
inChildren and Adolescents 195
P.H.Thomsen
4.6 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and
Adolescents: Narrowing theGap between
Knowledgeand Clinical Practice 196
J.G.Simeon
4.7 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Children and
Adolescents: Data from a Developing Country 198
C.E. Berganza
CONTENTS ix
CHAPTER5 OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE SPECTRUM
DISORDERS 203
Obsessive-CompulsiveSpectrum Disorders:
AReview 203
E. Hollander and J. Rosen
COMMENTARIES
5.1 The Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum:
Promisesand Pitfalls 225
K.A.Phillips
5.2 Understandingthe Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum:
a Four-factor Modelof Obsessive-Compulsive
Symptoms 228
D.Watsonand K. Wu
5.3 Extremesof ImpulseControl and Serotonin/Frontal
Lobe Pathophysiology 230
W.Kaye
5.4 The Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum: Fact or Fancy? 233
D.W. Black
5.5 BlurrySpectrum Disorders 235
N.R.Swerdlow
5.6 Spectrum Disorders:Utilitarian Concepts or
Utopian Fantasies? 238
J.W. Jefferson
5.7 Carving Natureat ItsJoints: Different Approaches
to theObsessive-CompulsiveSpectrum of Disorders 241
D.J. Stein
5.8 The Challenge of Deconvolving the
Obsessive-Compulsive DisorderSpectrum
into ItsComponent Diseases 244
M.George
5.9 Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders:
are Opposites Related? 246
R. Crino
5.10 The Spectrum of Obsessive-Compulsive-Related
Disorders: Stateof theArt 249
D.Marazziti
CHAPTER6 COSTS OFOBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE
DISORDER 253
Costs of Obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder:
AReview 253
M.Knapp,J. Henderson and A.Patel
x CONTENTS
COMMENTARIES
6.1 Consideringthe Full EconomicBurden 276
M.M. Weissman
6.2 The Economics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:
Achievingthe Potential Benefit 278
M. Aveline
6.3 In Search of Data on Costs of Obsessive-Compulsive
Disorder 281
G. Steketee
6.4 Obsessive Slownessin Creating aCost-Effectiveness
Evidence Basefor Obsessive-CompulsiveDisorder 283
G. Thornicroft
6.5 Evaluationsof TreatmentsforObsessive-Compulsive
Disorder: the Need for HealthEconomics Input 286
P. McCrone
6.6 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: a Psychiatric
Disorder in Economic No Man’s Land 288
P. Tyrer
6.7 NotExpensive and Cheap to Treat: New Evidence
Leads to Different Conclusions 290
G. Andrews
6.8 Economics of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:
onSafeGrounds? 293
W. Ro¨ssler
6.9 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: theHidden Costs
ofa HiddenEpidemic 295
L. Salvador-Carulla
6.10 Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder:
anUnderestimated Disorder 297
M. Berger,U. Voderholzer andF. Hohagen
Acknowledgementsfor the First Edition 301
Index 303