Observation of the Flora of Tadmait and Tidikelt, Central Sahara, Algeria

9 Pages·2003·0.81 MB·English

by  Hideaki Ohba

104 植物研究雑誌第78巻第2号 平成15年4月
&H .Ohashiは四川省南部に異所的に分布す 次に正誤表を掲げる.
る.
頁 (Page)行 (Line) 誤 (For) 正 (Read)
187 (=仁pineωrumsubsp. velutina) 削除 (Delete)
205 ↑2 bumanica burmanica
207 ↓2 Henry 12712 Henry 9803
216 ↑4 C. atrokermesina L. atrokermesina
222 ↑14-15 7亜種2変種 6亜種3変種
251 ↑26 Mile Mengzi
269 ↑14 Jianxi. 削除 (Delete)
277 ↓4 12 mml ong claw 14 mml ong
322 ↓25 Parker s.n. Parker 29-11-1919
338 ↑21 angnlicaulis angulicaulis
339 ↓12 in A) in A; CAL isosyn.)
339 ↑12 syntype lsosyntype
339 photo in A A-photo of syntype of L.. bonatiana Pamp. in UC
342 ↑4 Fu.， Fu，
343 Tsai 58-8560，K UN Forrest 15472，E
347 ↓7 my his
347 ↓17 P. H.(eds.) P. H. (eds.)
347 ↓26 脱落 (Omission) Craib W. G. 1928. Lespedeza.
Florae Siamensis Enumeratio
1(3 ): 432-434. Siam Society，B angkok.
(a上越教育大学自然系生物学教室，
東北大学大学院理学研究科
b
附属植物園津田記念館)
Hideaki OHBAa and Rachid AMIROUCHEb Observation of the Flora of Tademait and
:
， ，
TidikeltCe~tral SaharaAlgeria
サハラ中央部 Tademait及び Tidikelt(アルジエリア)の植物相観察(大場秀章 ，R.ア
a
ミロシュb)
The Sahara is the largest desert in the which may be locally exposed. Regs are
world. Although much of its surface consists gravel veneer，n ormally consisting of small，
of mobile sand，th e Sahara shows consider- rounded pebbles， overlying the Saharan
able topographic diversity. Topographically plain. The pebble layer may be underlain by
the Sahara is classified in three areas called as tony deposi .tErgs e‘sandsea' in ah ot
訂
Hamada，R egs，an d Ergs. Hamada is ad esert desert. In the Sahara，s and is typically acc
怯
plateau terminated by steep scpsand often mulated in wide shallow basins as alluvial
紅
incised by wadis. Two basic types，st ony and and lacustrine deposits derived from adjacent
pebbly hamada are known. The stony hamada during the Cenozoic (cf. Ozenda
hamada develops across crystalline rocks; 1991).
the pebbly hamada cuts across sedimentary The flora of the Algerian Sahara has been
material and mantles with bedrock fragments studied since French occupation in late
April2003 Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 78 No. 2 105
1800's by E. Bonnet，乱1.E. Cosson， P. Tokyo and l' Universite des Sciences et de la
Maury，a nd others. Recently，g eneral floras Technologie Houari Boumediとne，Algeria.
of the Sahara have been published by Quezel
and Santa (1962，1 963) and Ozenda (1977， Observations of vegetations.
1991)，h owever regional floras have been [A] Wadi veget剖ions
published for only limited eas.At least the Wadi is an Arabic term for an aoyoand
紅 町
floras of Tademait and Tidikelt in the central refers to ag ully found in an arid or semi-arid
Sahara have not yet been published. region，p ossessing steep or vertical walls cut
Weh ave surveyed the floras and vegeta- in fine-grained cohesive sediments，a nd a
tion in 11 localities with various types of arid floor which is flat and usually sandy (Allaby
habitat. This paper reports the plant collec- 1985). There eseveral wadis in Plateau du
紅
tion made in the 11 localities in Tademait Tademait. Weo bserved wadi vegetations in
and Tidikelt，c entral Algerian Sahara by us three sites.
in March 2000 (Figs. 1，2) . Tademait and 1) Khalidj Zoua， Oued (River of) In
Tidikelt，c onsisting of two plateaus and also Belbel，2 5 kme ast of In Belbel: 2705326
， .1 .11
sand plains with several wadis and oases， N; 01018.198NE
represent the hamada and erg topographical The dried river bed with high level under-
types. The geography and history of ground water is unexploited (except for oc-
Tademait and Tidikelt were described by casional use as pastureland) by local peoples.
Voinot (1909). A traditional hydraulic sys- Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana and，le ss fre-
tem named ‘foggara' and human life at the quently， A. seyal grow sporadically in
oasis of Aoulef，T idikelt were studied by uncared places. A shrubby species，Ba lanites
Kobori (1976). aegyptiaca，a lso occurs here. Grasses and
Unless stated otherwise，al l voucher speci- herbaceous species found there紅eAmmo-
mens and photographic records edeposited chloa subacaulis，Ar istida plumosa，A spho-
紅
in both the herbaria of the University of delus tenuifolius， Asteriscus graveolens，
Oued
010203040 5Okm
、 Djaret
Fig. 1. Survey area in Tademait and Tidikelt，c entral Algerian Sahara in March 2000.
106 植物研究雑誌第78巻第2号 平成15年4月
Fig. 2. a) Cliff of Plateau of Tademait near In Belbel，sh owing the flattish surface and long continuous hori-
zontallayers consisting of hard sedimentary materials below the surface layer，a nd wadi vegetations on
dried river bed with high level underground water. b) Khalidj Zoua，O ued (River of) In Belbel，ea st of
In Belbel，s howing dried river bed and spsevegetations with shrubby Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana
紅
and Balanites aegyptiaca and several herbaceous species. c) Well developed wadi vegetation at Khali司j
Zoua，O ued In Belbel with shrubby Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana and Balanites aegyptiaca and several
herbaceous species，Ar istida plumosa，A steriscus graveolens，C otula cinerea，Zi lla macroptera and oth-
ers. d) Sand desert with Aristidlαplumosa and Salsola sp. ne訂 Akabori.e) Wadi near Matriouene，s how-
ing ruin vegetations by salting with surface water. f) A palm ochard at In Belbel formed an oases，
showing a住aditionalstyle of farms to plant date-palms for fruit and shelter to field crops，T riticum
durum (durum wheat)，D aucus carotα，C oriandrum sativum，C uminum cyminum etc.，f rom strong sun-
，
shine.
Bubonium graevolens，C leome africana，C . rata，F a gonia bruguieri，F a rsetia hamiltonii，
arabica，B rocchiαcinerea，C otula cinereα， Heliotropium bacc俳rum，lfloga spicaω，
Echium trichorrhizum，E uphorbia calypt- Launeae glomerata，L auneae nudicaulis，L.
Apri12003 Journal of Japanese Botany Vo .l78 No. 2 107
resedifolia，M orettia canescens， Panicum Brocchia cinerea， Colocynthis vulgaris，
turgidum，P entzia monodiana，P ergularia Cornulaca monacantha，P ergularia tomen-
tomentosa，P soralea plicαta，R eseda αra- tosa，a nd Seetzeniαprostrata，m ost of which
bica，R . villosa，S ilene villosa，T rigonella were not seen in the Labiod and In Belbel
anguina，Zi lla macroptera，An villea radiata， sites (with the exception of Brocchia cinerea
Ruta tuberculata，a nd Hyoscyamus muticus. and Pergulariα tomentosα). Hyoscyamus
Panicum turgidum is abundant here and is muticus and Neurada procumbens ecom-
ぽ
considered to be ac ommon species in the mon both here and at the Labiod site.
sandy wadis of the Sahara in association
with Pennisetum divisum，C yperus conglo- [B] Ephemeral vegetations on plateau
meratus， Lasiurus hirsutus， and Acacia Wev isited Chaabar Babker (near the air-
tortilis subsp. raddiana (Le Houerou 1985， port) ，1 0 kmn orth of In Belbel，o n the pla-
0 0
Ozenda 1991). Although did not find teau du Tademait (2755'52"N; 0110'70"
Pennisetum，C yperus and Lasiurus here，t he E). The Plateau du Tademait occupies the
vegetation here co'espondsto this Panicum bulk of the area north of In Salah. In Belbel
町
turgidum-Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana- is located at the foot of the plateau. The pla-
communlty. teau has am ore or less flat surface，co vered
2) Oued (River of) Labiod，8 0 kmn orth of in gravels and sandy soils. Two long，c on-
0
Aoulef: 2736'05"N; 00059'15"E tinuous horizontal layers comprised of hard
The site shows a representative sandy sedimentary rocks are observed below the
wadi vegetation of the Sahara consisting of surface， along the cliff of the plateau.
Acaciαtortilis subsp. raddiana and Panicum Because water does not permeate the layers，
turgidum. As mentioned in the alone descrip- it sometimes overflows and leaves saline
tion of Khali司jZoua， this Acacia and soils behind. The ephemerals grow on these
Panicum community lacks Pennisetum saline soils. Only the ephemerals form spo-
divisum，C yperus conglomeratus，a nd Lαsiu- radically green patches on the flattish sur-
rus hirsutus.明Te collected here Anvillea face，es pecially in small depressions，o f the
radiata，Br occhia cinerea，Eu phorbia calypt plateau and represent the bulk of the plateau
開
rata，F agonia glutinosa，Fa rsetia hamiltonii， vegetation here.
Heliotropium bacc俳rum，Hyoscyamus muti- Four species of Asteraceae， Brocchia
cus，L aunaea glomerαta，Mo rettia canescens， cinerea，An villea radiata，As teriscus graveo
， ・
Pentzia monodiana， Picridium orientαle， lens，a nd Lαunaea nudicaulis are common.
，
Psoralea plicatα，R uta tuberculata，S chou- Other species found here are ASphodelus
，
wia thebαica. Neurada procumbens with nu- tenuifolius，F agonia bruguieri，F. glutinosa，
merous prostrate stems was found to grow Heliotropium bacciferum，M orettia canes
司
sporadically on sand. Though Neurada is a cens，P aronycha arabica，P soralea plicata，
herbaceous species similar to Potentilla，it is Resedα villosa， Ruta tuberculata， and
monotypic and often classified in the family Schouwia thebaica. ASphodelus is rather
Neuradaceae with Neradopsis by having pe- common here，a nd sometimes gregarious.
culiar pollen grains and gynoecium. Fαgonia is abundant and represented by
3) Oued (River of) Talh，4 0 kmn orth of two species with trifoliolate leaves， F.
Aoulef，o n the way to In Belbel bruguieri and F. glutinosa; the former has
The wadi vegetation with Acacia tortilis spines longer than leaves while the latter has
subsp. raddiana and Panicum turgidum is shorter spines and is covered with dense
similar to those of阻laliφZouaand Labiod. glutinose hairs.
We observed here Astragalus armatus，
108 植物研究雑誌第78巻第2号 平成15年4月
[C] Weedy vegetation in cultivated lands Silene villosa， Silene sp.， Trigonella
Oases are formed at the foots of the pla- polycerata，T unica compressa，a nd Euphor-
teaus，a nd ecommonly settled by human bia sp. were found. Nigella sativa in this re-
紅
beings. Local peoples have used the oases gion seems to be an escape from cultivation
for agriculturallands. The traditional style of for omamen .t
farm uses date-palms for fruit and also as 4) Aoulef，a p alm orchard: 27000'70"N;
shelter for field crops from s位ongsunshine. 0I017'31"E
Among the plants cultivated here edurum Adonis dentata， Anagallis arvensis，
紅
wheat (Triticum durum)，H ordeum vulgaris， ASphodelus tenuifolius， Chenopodium
Sorghum tuberosum?，L ens eroides，Cα psi- vulvaria，C oronopus lepidioides，C utandia
cum annuum，Ly copersicon esculentum，Be ta dichotoma， Cynodon dlαctylon， Koeleria
vulgaris，A llium cepa，B rassica oleracea， phleoides， Lauanea resedifolia， Lolium
Daucus carota，C oriandrum sativum，C umi- multiflorum，M alva rotundifolia，M elilotus
num cym的um，Vicia faba，C urcurbita pepo， indica，Ni gella sativa，P halaris canariensis，
Citrullus lanatus，M edicago sativa，T rigo- Polygonum argyrocoleum， Polypogon
nella foenum-graecum，a nd others. We ob- mαritimus， Rupicapnos muricaria， Silene
served many weedy plants in and around the villosa， and Trigonella polycerata were
cultivated fields. Observations were made at found.
the following places.
1) Matriouene，m uddy hedge and barrage List of the Wild Plants Collected
in palm orchards，1 5 km northeast of In [Abbreviations of the localities]
Belbel: 27049'72"N; 0IOI5'93"E KZ: 25 kmw est of Khalidj Zoua，ea st of In Belbel. 270
53'26"N; 01018'98"E
Frankenia florida， Maerua crassifolia，
BK: Chaabar Babker，o n ap lateau，1 0 kmn orth of In
Paronycha arabica， Pentzia monodianα， Belbel. 27055'52クN;0IOlO'70"E
Pergularia tomentosa， and Zygophyllum
MA: Ma凶ouとne，muddy hedge and ba町agein palm
gaetulum are observed. Tamarix articulata orchards，n ear the Berber ruins. 27049'72"N; 01015
seems to be planted. 93"E
0
2) Ain Cheikh，a round an Archieve of YB: Yahia and Brahim，1 00 km north of Aoulef. 27
41'19"N; 01 00 1'39"E
Artesian cultures，5 k mi n front of In Ghar，
OL: Oued Labiod，8 0 km north of Aoulef，o n the way
on the way to Aoulef from In Salah: 27003' 0
to In Belbe .l2736'05"N; 00059'15"E
97"N; 0I045'75"E
OT: Oued Talh，4 0 kmn orth of Aoulef，o n the way to
Cutandia dichotoma， Cyperus conglo- In Belbel.
0 0
meratus， Hyoscyamus muticus， Launaea AL: Aoulef，in ap alm orchard. 2700'70"N; 0117'
resedifolia， Lolium multiflolum，Phalaris 31"E
・ 0 0
TI: Tit，a n oasis. 2657'27"N; 0I30'76"E
canariensis，R uta tuberculata，Z ygophyllum
0 0
AK: Akabli，a p alm orchard. 2642'02"N; 0122'09"
gaetulum，P olygonum argyrocoleum，A mmo-
E
daucus leucotrichus. Cassia italica，T amarix AC: Ain Cheikh，a round an Archieve of Artesian cul-
articulata，a nd T. gallica are planted. tures，5 凶 infront of In Ghar，o n the way to Aoulef
0 0
3) Akabli，a palm orchd:26042'02" from In Salah. 2703'97"N; 0I45'75"E
紅
0
N; 0I022'09"E IS: In Salah，a n ursery of forestation trees. 2712'10"
0
N; 0229'98"E
Asphodelus tenuifolius， Chenopodium
murlαle， Cutandia dichotoma， Cynodon
MONOCOTYLEDONEAE
dactylon， Hypecoum geslinu， Koeleria
Cyperaceae
phleoides， Lolium multiflorum， Malva
Cyperus conglomeratus Rottb. AC
rotundifolia，Me lilotus indica，Ni gella sativa，
Scirpus maritimus L. AK
Polypogon maritimus， Scirpus maritimus，
Apri12003 Joumal of Japanese Botany Vol. 78 No. 2 109
Liliaceae Brassicaceae
ASphodelus tenuifolius Cav. Coronopus lepidioides (Coss.) Kuntze AL
KZ，BK，AK，AL Farsetia hamiltonii Royle KZ，OL
Morettia canescens Boiss. KZ，
Poaceae Schouwia thebaica (S. purpureα(Forssk.)
Ammochloa subacaulis COSS. & Durieu KZ Schweinf.) BK，O L
Aristida plumosa L. subsp. euplumosa Maire Zilla macroptera Coss. KZ
KZ
Aristida pungens Desf. (Ain Cheikh) Capparidaceae
Cutandia dichotomα(Forssk.) Trab. Cleome africana DC. (Cleome αrabica L.)
AC，AK，AL KZ
Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. AK，A L Maerua crassifolia Forssk. MA
Koeleria phleoides (Vill.) Pers. AK，A L
Lolium multiflorum Lam. AC，A K，A L Caryophyl laceae
Panicum turgidum Forssk. KZ，O L，O T Paronycha arabica L. BK，MA
Phalaris canariensis L. AC，A L Silene villosa Forssk. KZ，AK，AL
Polypogon maritimus Willd. AK，A L Silene sp. AK
Tunica compressa Fisch. & C.A.Mey. AK
DICOTYLEDONEAE
Apiaceae Chenopodiaceae
Ammodaucus leucotrichus Coss. & Durieu Chenopodium mU1iαle L. AK
AC Chenopodium vulvαria L. AL
Cornulaca monacanthαDelile OT
Asclepiadaceae Salsola sp.
Pergularia tomentosa L. KZ，OT，MA
Cucurbitaceae
Asteraceae Colocynthis vulgaris (L .) Schrad. (Citrillus
Anvillea radiatαCoss. & Durieu colocynthis Schrad.) OT
，
KZ，BK，OL
Asteriscus graveolens Forssk. (Bubonium Euphorbiaceae
graevolens (Forssk.) Maire) KZ，B K Euphorbia calyptrata Coss. & Durieu
Brocchia cinereαVis. (Cotula cinerea KZ，OL
Delile) KZ，B K，O L，O T Euphorbia sp. AK
伊ogaspicata (Vahl) Sch. Bip. KZ
Launaea glomerata (Cass.) Hook. KZ，O L Fabaceae
Launaea nudicαulis (L.) Hook. Acacia albida Delile Aoulef，I n Salah
KZ，BK，AL Acαcia seyal Delile KZ
Launaea resedifoliα(L.) Kuntze KZ，A C Acacia tortilis (Forssk.) Hayne subsp.
Pentzia monodiana Maire KZ，O L，M A raddiana (Savi) Brennan (Acacia raddiana
Picridium orientale Desf. OL S~D KZ， o~m
Astragalus armatus Lam. OT
Boraginaceae Cassia italicα(Mill.) Lam. (Cassia obovata
Echium trichorrhizum Pomel KZ Collad.) AC
Heliotropium bacciferum Forssk. (Helio- Melilotus indica All. (M. parviflora Desf.)
tropium undulatum Vahl) KZ，B K，O L AK，AL
Psoralea plicata Delile KZ，B K，O L
110 植物研究雑誌第78巻第2号 平成15年4月
TrigoneUαanguina Delile KZ，A K ~斤icana R.Br.) OT
Trigonella polycerata L. AL Zygophyllum gaetulum Emb. &恥r1aire
AC，MA
Frankeniaceae
Frankenia florida Chev. MA A Note of the Phytogeography
According to Maire (1933) 480 species
Malvaceae were recorded from the central Saharan area，
Malva rotundifoUαL. AK，A L which covers one million km2 In this re
• 回
search we collected only 73 species (18 % of
Papaveraceae the total number of species). Though this re-
Hypecoum geslini Coss. & Kral. AK search was prelimin y，it is obvious that the
紅
Rupicapnos muricaria Pomel AL f10ra of Tademait and Tidikelt is extremely
low in species diversity even in the Sahara
Polygonaceae because of the severe climatic and edaphic
Polygonum argyrocoleum Steud. AC，A L circumstances for plants. Nov egetation is to
be found in the ergs that cover the greatest
Primulaceae p tof Tademait and Tidikelt. Acacia tortilis
ぽ
Anagallis arvensis L. AL subsp. raddiana，A . seyal，a nd Balanites
aegyptiaca ethe only shrubby species
紅
Ranunculaceae here. The two species of Acacia are repre-
Adonis dentata Delile AL sentative of the Panicum turgidum-Acacia
Nigella sativa L. AK，AL tortilis subsp. raddiana-community，w hich
is ac ommon vegetation community in the
Resedaceae Sahara (Maire 1933). Most of herbaceous
Reseda arabica Boiss. KZ species efound in wadi and cultivated
訂
Reseda villosa Coss. KZ，BK area.
Good (1947) classified Sahara in his North
Rosaceae AfricaIndianDesert region 1. Sahara-North
四
Ne urada procumbens L. OL and Central Arabia. White (1983) proposed a
new divisional sys臼m for Africa based on
Rutaceae regional centres of endemism sep atedby
紅
Rutαtuberculαta Forssk. KZ，B K，O L，A C regional transitional zones and regional mo-
，
saics. The regional cen位eof endemism is de-
Solanaceae fined as‘ap hytochorion which has at the
Hyoscyamus muticus L. KZ，O L，O T，A C same time more than 50 % of its species con-
firmed to it and at otal of more than 1000 en-
Tamaricaceae demic species'. The region which includes
Tamarix articulata Vahl (T. aphylla H.Karst.) the Sahara is the Saharo-Sindian regional
AC，MA zone. The zone covers almost all the No rth
Tamαrix gallica L. AC Africa-Indian Desert region by Good (1947)，
and is characterized by a dwarf shrubland
Zygophyllaceae with Anastatica hierochuntica，A steriscus
Balanites aegyptiaca Delile KZ graveolens， Calligonum spp.， Cornulaca
Fagonia bruguieri DC. KZ，B K spp.，H alo砂lonsalicornicum，M oltkiopsis
Fagonia glutinosa Delile BK，O L ciliata，N eurada procumbens， Oligomeris
Seetzenia prostrata Eckl. & Zeyh. (Seetzenia lin扮lia，Rhazyα stricata， Scrophulariα
Apri12003 Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 78 No. 2 111
desertii and Suaeda aegyptiaca as character- White F. 1983. The Vegetation of Africa. A Des-
lSt1CS peCleS. criptive Memoir to Accompany the UNESCO，
AETFAT， UNSO Vegetation Map of Africa.
With the exceptions of Neurada pro-
UNESCO，Pa ris.
cumbens and Asteriscus graveolens no other
characteristic species cited above were found
2000年 3月， アルジエリア国中央部の
in this region. The genus Neurada，m ono-
Tademait及びTidikelt地域の植物相を観察し
typic with N. procumbens ranging from
た.同地域はサハラ沙漠の中心部分にあり，
north Africa to the Indian desert region，is an
乾燥した高原状台地と砂が堆積した海のよう
annual prostrate herb with epigynous flowers
なエルグと呼ぶ地形が卓越する.大半の地域
(similar to that of Potentillωandi ndehiscent
は植生が未発達であったが，エルグの末端に
dry fruits dispersed by wind. Byt he presence
あるオアシスを中心に形成された集落や農地，
of Neurada procumbens and Asteriscus
地下を伏流するワジと呼ぶ河川には植生が発
graveolens，p hytogeographically Tademait
達していた.
and Tidikelt can be classified in the Saharo-
これまでTademait及びTidikelt地域の植物
Sindian regional zone.
相についての報告はないので，今回観察した
11の地域の植物相を記述した.ワジの植生，
Weg reatly appreciate to Professor Iwao
台地上の短命植生，農地の雑草植生に区分し，
Kobori，T he United Nations University，f or
それぞれの観察地点で見い出された植物を列
giving us the opportunity to survey. This was
挙した.ワジには草本植生が優占するが，一部
financially supported by the Toyota
にアカシア属のAcaciatortilis subsp. raddiana
Foundation for IK.
やA.seyαlからなる疎林が見られる.その林
下や周縁にはPanicumturgidumなどのイネ科
References
植物からなる草本群落が発達する.こうした
Allaby M. (ed.) 1985. The Oxford Dictionary of
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Natural History. Oxford University Press，O xford.
Good R. 1947. The Geography of the Flowering cum turgidum-Acacia tortilis subsp. raddiana-
Plants. Congmans，G reen and Co.，L ondon. communityがサハラ沙漠のワジを代表する植
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Sahara central. Mem. Soc. Hist. Nat. Afrique N.，
なり普通に見られた.この属は約7種があり，
nO.3.
Ozenda P. 1977. La Flore du Sahara. Deuxieme ed. C. 北アフリカからインド西部に分布する.ハマ
N. R. S.，P is. ピシ科の Fagoniaは30種があり，上記地域な
紅
一一一 1991.Flore et Vegetation du Sahara. Tro包括me どで多様化しているが， 2種がほぼ類似した
edition de la Flore du Sahara. C. N. R. S.，Pa ris.
生育地に生えていた.
Quezel P. and Santa，C. 1962 and 1963. Nouvelle Flore
農地はオアシスに発達する.日中の蒸発散
de l' Algerie et des Regions Desertiques Meri-
が激しいため，農園にはナツメヤシが植えら
dionales. 2V ols. C. N. R. S.，Pa ris.
Voinot L. 1909. Le Tidikelt-Etude sur la gepgraphie l' れ，日没後に潅水が行われる.主な作物はドユ
histoire les moeurs du pays. Bulletin de la Societe ラム小麦であるが， トマト，タマネギ，コリ
du Geographie et d' Archeologie de la province アンダーその他数多くの野菜が栽培される.
d' Oran，T ome 29，Fa sc. 129，13 0 & 131. Reprinted
ウマゴヤシ，コロハなどは栽培されたものが
by Editions Jacques Gandini，Ca lvisson in 1995.
112 植物研究雑誌第78巻第2号 平成15年4月
逃げ出し野生状態で生えていた.種子を香辛 は大半が無植生の岩と砂地であり，中央サハ
料として利用するクロタネソウ属の 1種 ラの中でも最も植物の生育にきびしい環境に
Nigella sativαも野生化していた.農園は畦も あることを反映したものといえる.なお，今
裸地状態におくより植被された状態の方が蒸 回の調査地は植物地理区系ではインド西部か
発散が防げるためもあって除草されないので， らアラビア半島を経てサハラ沙漠の北緯20度
かなり多くの草本植物を見い出すことができ 以北を占める SaharoSindianregional zone に
・
た. 含められる.
今回の調査で73種の高等植物を採集できた. (aThe University Museum
Maire (1933)は中央サハラの100，000km2の範 The University of Tokyo，
囲に480種があると記しているが，上記の数 bUniversite des Sciences et
はその18%に過ぎない.調査の精度も考慮 de la Technologie Houari Boumediene，Al geria)
されねばならないが，種数の少なさは調査地
マメ科の新帰化植物ヤナギバレンリソウ(大橋広好，五十嵐博b)
a
a
Hiroyoshi OHASHIand Hiroshi IGARASHIb Lathyrus sylvestris L. (Leguminosae)，a N ewly
:
Naturalized Legume in Japan
ここに報告するレンリソウ属の帰化種は北 て，ヒロハノレンリソウ(大形の托葉では幅
海道上川支庁東神楽町の小林秀雄氏によって が茎の幅と同じかより広く，小葉は楕円形か
見つけられたもので，五十嵐は発見者の案内 ら狭卵状長楕円形，花は長さ 2cm以上であ
で2002年7月26日に同支庁美瑛町下宇莫別の る)と区別できるという.
道路人工法面でこれを採集し，わが国への帰 今回の帰化品は次のような形態を示す.無
化が記録されていない Lathyrussylvestris L. 毛のある多年草.茎はよじ登り形，長さ60-
と考え(五十嵐 2002)，大橋に標本を送り同 200 Cn1，幅 1-3mmの翼がある.葉は 1対の
定の確認を求めた.大橋は同種であることを確 小葉をもっ.小葉は長さ 5-10cm，幅0.5-1.2
認し，この原稿をまとめた.Lathyrus sylvestris cm，線形から狭卵形，巻きひげはよく発達
L は日本への新帰化植物であるのでヤナギ し，枝分かれする.托葉は基部から 2裂片に
バレンリソウと名付けることとした.英名は 分かれ，裂片は線状狭卵形，不同長，長さ
narrow-leaved everlasting peaであるが，中国 1-1.3c m，基部側のものがやや短く，幅は茎
植物誌42(2): 278 (1998)に同意味の別種があ の幅の半分以下で約 2mm.総状花序で 3-10
り，本種の小葉幅にはかなりの変異があるこ 花をつけ，ふつう花序柄は基部の葉よりも著
ともあって和名を英名の翻訳にしなかった. しく長い.花は長さ約15mm，花冠は淡赤色
Lathyrus sylvestris L.ヤナギパレンリソウ から赤色，専は長さ 5-7mm，琴裂片は狭卵
はヨーロッパ原産で，シベリアからも報告さ 形，不同長，最下の裂片は他よりも長い.旗
れ，北アメリカにも帰化している.このため 弁は反曲し，広倒心形，爪は舷部よりも短い.
北海道への帰化はどこからか推定できない. 翼弁と龍骨弁の爪は舷部の約半分の長さ.豆
本種はヒロハノレンリソウ L.latifolius L. 果は長さ 5-7cm，幅 8-10mm，無毛，約10
(ヨーロッパ原産，北海道と本州に帰化)に 個の種子がある.
最もよく似ているとされる (Hegi1924，B all Lathyrus sylvestrisはかなりの変異を示す種
1968). Hegi (1924)，F ernald (1950)，H itchcock で，小葉の幅が4cm，花は長さ 2cmに達す
(1952)，B all (1968)などによると，ヤナギノす るものもあり，ヒロハノレンリソウに似た形
レンリソウは托葉の幅が茎の幅よりも狭いこ となる.しかし，今回の帰化品は本種の変異
と，小葉は線形から狭卵形であること，花は 幅の中の標準的な形に当たるようである.な
長さ約 1.5cmであることなどの特徴によっ お，本種の図は Ross-Craig(1954)に分かり