Nutrition labeling : a comparison of FDA and FSIS nutrition labeling requirements

14 Pages·1994·0.68 MB·English

by  United States. Food Safety and Inspection Service

Historic, Archive Document
Do not assume content reflects current
scientific knowledge, policies, or practices.

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United States
Department of
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National Agricultural Library
UnitedStates NUTRITION LABELING
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Department
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ofAgriculture
09
FoodSafety
and Inspection A Comparison of FDA and FSIS if o
Service
Nutrition Labeling Requirements
May 1994 «5*t
FDA Final Rule FSIS Final Rule
Implementation Implementation
iMvaidvy SO, 11Q/Q741 Tnlv ft 1994
Mandatory Labeling Mandatory Labeling
Processedfoods(otherthanmeatandpoul- Most meat and poultry products (i.e.,
tryproducts) including fresh/frozenfish bastedturkey,chickenfranks,cornedbeef,
meat burritos) other than single-ingredi-
entraw meatandpoultryproducts
Nutrition information provided "as pack- Same
aged" (may additionally list nutrition in-
f1KoJlr1n1iIadt11iLn/1n1 "aCIcJ r\^\oJ1nLs£>UnL1m1pLCHLl"^ PCYArLpCnUtL fUrLhCaltl"
single-ingredient fish or game meatprod-
uctsmayprovidenutritioninformation"as
consumed" inlieu of "aspackaged"
"As packaged" means nutrition informa-
tionbasedonpackagedproductbeforecon-
sumerpreparation.
\_ompiiance lriQusiry dccouniaDic ior Dame, n auaiiiori,tdidperrniisineuseor
i
determining nutrient content of product. databasevalues,recipeanalysisbasedon
Agencywillperiodically sample products databasevalues,directanalyses,andcom-
fornutritionanalysistoensurecompliance. binations ofthesemethods.
Voluntary Labeling Voluntary Labeling
Rawproduce and seafood unpackaged or Single-ingredient raw meat and poultry
packaged at retail (final regulation pub- products(i.e.,groundbeef,chickenbreasts,
lished November 1991) whole unbasted turkey) fresh or frozen
"As consumed" for raw fish; "As pack- "Aspackaged" or "As consumed"
aged" for raw fruits and vegetables
*Foreducationalpurposesonly. NotintendedaslegalinterpretationofFinalRules.
FDA Final Rule FSIS Final Rule
"As packaged" means nutrition informa- Same
tion provided on serving size ofthe prod-
uct in the package, without further prepa-
ration, suchas cooking.
"As consumed" means nutrition informa- "Asconsumed"meansnutritioninforma-
tion provided on cooked fish and game tionprovided oncooked meat and poul-
meat,usingcommoncookingmethodsthat try,usingcommoncookingmethodsthat
donotaddfat,flour,salt,etc.,whichcould donotaddfat,flour,salt,etc.,whichcould
alter nutrient profile. alternutrient profile.
Allowsuse ofpoint-of-purchase materials Same
(e.g.,largeplacards,pamphlets,brochures).
60% ofretailers surveyed mustbe incom- Significant participation means 60% of
pliance for at least 90% of the 20 most storessurveyedprovidednutritioninfor-
frequently consumed raw fruits, raw veg- mation for at least 90% of major cuts (45
etablesandrawfish(60total)byMay1993; total). FSISwillbeginsurveyingretailers
ifnot,willdevelop regulationsformanda- todeterminelevelsofparticipationinJuly,
toryprogram;ifincompliance,willsurvey 1994. Agencywill reportresults in May,
stores every two years to ensure compli- 1995. Ifparticipationdeemedunsatisfac-
ance;nextcompliancesurveycompletedin tory,FSISwillinvestigatecoursesofregu-
May
1995. latory action.
Allows use of data provided by FDA; Allows use of USDA Handbook #8 for
products using FDA-approved data will representative nutrient values; products
notbe subject to complianceprocedures. usingUSDA Handbook#8 datawillnot
be subject to compliance procedures if
nutritientcontent claims are notmade.
Nutrition Label Content Nutrition Label Content
Mandatory Disclosures Mandatory Disclosures
Calories Same
Calories from fat
Total fat (grams + % DV)
Saturated fat (grams + % DV)
Cholesterol (milligrams + % DV)
Sodium (milligrams + % DV)
Totalcarbohydrate
%
(grams + DV,includes dietary fiber)
Dietary fiber (grams + % DV)
Sugars (grams)
Protein (grams)
A
Vitamin (% ofDaily Value)
2 Comparison of FDA's and FSIS's New Food Label
FDA Final Rule FSIS Final Rule
MandatoryDisclosures (continued)
VitaminC (% ofDailyValue)
Calcium (% ofDailyValue)
Iron (% ofDailyValue)
Voluntary Disclosures Voluntary Disclosures
Calories fromsaturated fat Same
Polyunsaturated and mono-unsaturated Same,plus stearicacid
fats (grams, unless a claim is made about
fattyacid or cholesterol content)
Solubleandinsolublefiber,sugaralcohols Same
and othercarbohydrates (grams)
Protein as % of DV for foods other than Same
foods for infants and childrenunder4
%
Potassium (milligrams+ ofDailyValue) Same
Thiamin,riboflavin,niacin,andothervita- Same
mins andminerals (% DV)
voluntary aisciosures Decome manaatory Same
if a claimis made aboutanutrient, except
"caloriesfromsaturatedfat"and"othercar-
bohydrates."
Simplified Label Format Simplified Label Format
Maybeusedwhen7ormoreofthe manda- May be used when any of the required
tory nutrients are present in insignificant nutrients; except for the 5 core nutrients:
amounts. calories,totalfat,totalcarbohydrate,pro-
tein,andsodium;arepresentininsignifi-
cantamounts.
Insignificant amount is that which may Same. Nutrients present in insignificant
declaredaszero—exceptfortotalcarbohy- amountsshouldbelistedinthefollowing
drate,dietaryfiber,andprotein,whereitis statement: "Not a significant source of
anamountthatmaybelabeledas"lessthan it
1 gram"
Comparison of FDA's and FSIS's New Food Label 3
FDA Final Rule FSIS Final Rule
Exemptionsfrom MandatoryRule Exemptionsfrom MandatoryRule
StandardExemptions StandardExemptions
Products for export Same
Custom slaughterproducts Same
Productsusedininstitutionalfoodservices Restaurant menus
(e.g., hospitals, prisons)
Products intended for furtherprocessing
OtherExemptions, Unless a OtherExemptions, Unless a
nutrient content claim is made: nutrient content claim is made:
Smallbusinesses-Basedonnumberoffull- Small businesses with 500 or fewer em-
timeequivalentemployeesandunitswithin ployees, and 100,000 pounds or less pro-
aproductlinemadeyearly, (phaseinpro- duction of a particular product (phase in
cess -first year,beginwithfewer than300 process -begin with 250,000 pounds and
employees and less than 600,000 units of endwith 100,000 pounds after3 years)
product;end withfewerthan 100 employ-
eesandlessthan100,000unitsafter3years)
Smallpackages-a totalsurfaceareaofless Same, in addition to small individually
than 12 square inches available to bear la- wrapped packages ofless than 1/2 ounce
beling netweight.
Products intended for furtherprocessing.
Ready-to-eatfoodsprimarilyprepared,pro- Ready-to-eat products that are packaged
cessea,orportioneatoconsumerspecmca- or portionea at retail, muiti-ingreuient
tionat retailestablishments productsprocessed at retail.
Restaurants Productsnotforsaletoconsumers,includ-
ing foods used in institutional food ser-
vices
Serving Sizes Serving Sizes
1heamountcustomarilyconsumedpereat- Same
ing occasion by persons 4 years of age or
older
4 Comparison of FDA's and FSIS's New Food Label
FDA Final Rule FSIS Final Rule
139foodproductcategorieswithreference 23 meat, 22 poultry product categories
amounts; including 11 groups offoodspe- withreference amounts
cially formulated or processed for infants
or childrenunder4
Servingsizeforrawfishis3ouncescooked. Servingsizeforsingleingredientrawmeat
andpoultry is 3 ounces cooked.
Household measures (cups, tablespoons, Same, exceptfor fluid ounces
teaspoons,fluidounces,pieces, orounces)
Whenhouseholdmeasureisounces,visual Notrequired
representationrequired.
Meals-weigh10ouncesormore,contain3 Meal-typeproducts(dinners,entrees)that
components from 2 ormore foodgroups. weigh 6-12 ounces to be labeled in their
Maindishitems-weigh6 ormore ounces, entirety.
contain2componentsfrom2ormorefood
groups.
Units/pieces ofvaried sizes (e.g. seafood, Units or pieces of varied sizes. Serving
pickles), labeled in the number of ounces sizeexpressedasanumberandlabeledto
closest to the reference amount plus the theaverage.
approximate number ofpieces.
Individual units that weigh between 67 Same
and 200 percent of the reference amount
mustuse 1 unit as their serving size.
Percent Daily Values (%DV) Percent Daily Values (%DV)
PercentofDailyValuesand and dailyval- Same
ues(representRecommendedDailyIntakes
andDailyReferenceValues)willappearon
foodlabelstoputfoodincontextofahealth-
ful daily diet.
Establishes RDIs and DRVs, which are Same
meant to serve as referencevalues, tohelp
consumerscomparehownutrientlevelsin
foods contribute toward ahealthy diet.
RDIsestablished for 19 vitaminsandmin- Same
erals.
DRVsestablishedfortotalfat,saturatedfat, Same
cholesterol,protein,totalcarbohydrate,di-
etary fiber, sodiumandpotassium.
Comparison of FDA's and FSIS's New Food Label 5
FDA Final Rule FSIS Final Rule
Nutrient Content Claims Nutrient Content Claims
FDA has general requirements for the use FSISadopts FDA'srequirementsfortheuse
of descriptors and definitions for several of descriptors and definitions for several
nutritional components (e.g., calories, fat, nutritionalcomponents.
saturated fat, sodium, and cholesterol).
Listedbeloware some ofthe definitions.
High: Productcontains20%ormoreofthe Same
DRV or RDI per reference amount.
Good Source of: Productcontains 10-19% Same
ofthe DRV or RDI per reference amount.
FatFree: Productcontainslessthan0.5eof Same
fatperreferenceamountandlabeled serv-
ing for individual foods and per labeled
serving for meal-type products, and no
-
added ingredient that is fat or oil unless
identified as trivialin the ingredient state-
ment.
LowFat: Productcontains 3 grams orless Same
offatperReferenceAmountforindividual
foodsandper100gformeal-typeproducts
thathavenomorethan30%ofcaloriesfrom
fat.
Lightorlite: Ifproductderivesmorethan Same
50% or more ofits calories from fat, its fat
content is reduced by 50% or more com-
paredtothereferencefood. Iftheproduct
deriveslessthan50%ofitscaloriesfromfat,
the fat is reduced by 50% or more or the
number of calories is reduced by at least
one-third compared to the reference food.
Reduced/Lessfat: Producthasreducedfat Same
content of25% ormore.
More/Added/Enriched: Amountofnutri- Same
ent in the product exceeds the amount in
fhp rpfprpnrp food hv at lpast 10% of thp
DRV or RDI per reference amount.
Percent Fat-Free: Onlv used on products Samp, pprmit percent lean claims, svnonv-
thatmeet low fat definition. mouswithpercent fat-free claims.
6 Comparison of FDA's and FSIS's New Food Label