Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment PDF
Preview Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment
Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment Experimental Biology and Medicine Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment, edited by Kedar N. Prasad, Leonida Santamaria, and R. Miehael Williams, 1995 The Resistance Arteries: Integration of the Regulatory Pathways, edited by William Halpern, John Bevan, Joseph Brayden, Harriet Dustan, Mark Nelson, and George Osol, 1994 Neoplastic Transformation in Human Cell Culture: Mechanisms of Carcinogenesis, edited by Johng S. Rhim and Anatoly Dritsehilo, 1991 Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease • 1990, edited by D. V. Ablashi, A. T. Huang, J. S. Pagano, G. R. Pearson, and C. S. Yang, 1991 Nutrients and Cancer Prevention, edited by Kedar N. Prasad and Frank L. Meyskens, Jr., 1990 Hepatic Encephalopathy, edited by Roger F. Butterworth and Gilles Pomier Layrargues, 1989 Molecular Actions of A1cohol, edited by Graee Y. Sun, P. Kevin Rudeen, W. Gibson Wood, Yau Huei Wei, and Albert Y. Sun, 1989 Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease • 1988, edited by D. V. Ablashi, A. Faggioni, G. R. F. Krueger, J. S. Pagano, and G. R. Pearson, 1989 Macromolecular Biorecognition, edited by lrwin Chaiken, Emilia Chianeone, Angelo Fontana, and Paolo Neri, 1987 Molecular Basis of Lymphokine Action, edited by David R Webb, Cari W. Pieree, and Stanley Cohen, 1987 Biology of Copper Complexes, edited by John RJ. Sorenson, 1987 Epstein-Barr Virus and Human Disease, edited by P. H. Levine, D. V. Ablashi, M. Nonoyama, G. R. Pearson, and R. Glaser, 1987 Methods of Protein Sequence Analysis • 1986, edited by Kenneth A. Walsh, 1987 Regulation of Immune Gene Expression, edited by Mare Feldmann and Andrew MeMiehael, 1986 Biological Methylation and Drug Design, edited by Ronald T. Borehardt, Cyrus R Creveling, and Per Magne Ueland, 1986 Retroviruses and Human Pathology, edited by Robert C. Gallo, Dominique Stehelin, and Oliviero E. Varnier, 1985 Directed Drug Delivery, edited by Ronald T. Borehardt, Arnold Repta, and Valentino Stella, 1985 Immune Regulation, edited by Mare Feldmann and N. A. Mitehison, 1985 Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment Edited by Kedar N. Prasad, PhD ca University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Leonida Santamaria, MD University of Pavia, Italy R. Michael Williams, MD, PhD Cancer Treatment Center of America, Des Moines, IA * Springer Science+Business Media, LLC © 1995 Springer Science+Business Media New York Originally published by Humana Press Inc. in 1995 Softcover reprint ofthe hardcover Ist edition 1995 AU rights reserved. No part ofthis book maybe reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, ortransmitted in any form orby any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise without written permission from the Publisher. AU authored papers, comments, opinions, conclusions, or recommendations are those ofthe author(s), and do not necessarily reflect the views of the publisher. This publication is printed on acid-free paper. ® ANSI Z39.48-1984 (American National Standards Institute) Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials. Photocopy Authorization Policy: Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal Of personal use of specific c1ients, is granted by Springer Science+Business Media, LLC ,provided that the base fee ofUS $4.00 percopy, plus US $00.20 per page, is paid directly to the Copyright Clearauce Center at 222 Rosewood Drive, Dauvers, MA 01923. For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license from the CCC, a separate system of payment has been arranged and is acceptable to Springer Science+B usiness Media, LLC The fee code for users ofthe Traus-actional Reporting Service is: [0-89603-318-X/95 $4.00 + $00.20]. 10987654321 Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Nutrients in cancer prevention aud treatment I edited by Kedar N. Prasad, Leonida Santamaria, R. Michael Williams. p. cm. - (Experimental biology aud medicine) Inc1udes bibliographical references aud index. ISBN 978-1-4612-6675-4 ISBN 978-1-4612-0237-0 (eBook) DOI 10.1007/978-1-4612-0237-0 1. Vitamins-Therapeutic use. 2. Caucer-Nutritional aspects. 1. Prasad, Kedar N. II. Sautamaria, Leonida. III. WilIiams, R. Michael. IV. Series: Experimental biology and medicine (Totowa, NI) [DNLM: 1. Neoplasms-prevention & control. 2. Vitamins therapeutic use. 3. Antioxidauts-therapeutic use. QZ 200 N9757 1995] RC271.V58N881995 616.99' 40654-dc20 DNLM/DLC for Library of Congress 95-15205 CIP Preface Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment contains articles that were presented by leading researchers and physicians in the field of nutritional oncology. Most of the previous conference proceedings on Nutrition and Cancer have dealt primarily with the issue of the role of nutrients in cancer prevention. This is logical because enormous quantities of laboratory and epi demiologic data have been published on the topic. Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment also contains several studies on the role of diet and vitamins in cancer treat ment. There are very few books that have reviewed laboratory and clinical studies and the role of vitamins in cancer treatment. There are preliminary data suggesting that daily supplementa tion with high doses of certain vitamins in combination with conventional therapeutic agents may enhance their growth inhibitory effects on tumor cells, and may protect normal tissues against some of their toxic effects. This book is unique in the sense that several articles have discussed the mechanisms of action of individual vitamins on cellular and molecular parameters. It is very exciting to note that some of the vitamins inhibit protein kinase C activity, increase the production of certain growth factors, and modulate the expression of a number of oncogenes. These studies, at least in part, offer rationales for the cancer protective effects of vitamins. Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment contains an article showing that these vitamins not only have direct effects on differentiation and growth inhibitory effects of X-irradiation, chemotherapeutic agents, and hyperthermia. In addition to vita- v vi Preface mins, there are also articles describing the roles of protease inhibitors, calories, exercise, and fat in the mechanisms of carcinogenesis. We believe that this book will serve as an excel lent reference source for those who are involved in nutrition and cancer research, as well as those oncologists who are involved in the actual treatment and care of cancer patients. We hope that Nutrients in Cancer Prevention and Treatment will stimulate much new research in all the many promising areas of basic and clinical nutritional oncology. Kedar N. Prasad, PhD Leonida Santamaria, MD R. Michael Williams, MD, PhD Preface Preface ............................................................................................... v PART I. CARCIN"OGENESIS ....•..•.•.•......•.•......•......••.....•.•...•..•.•.•..•.••••.•..•.• 1 G Protein Pathways and Regulation of Neoplastic Transformation Jianghao Chen, Michael DeVivo, and Ravi Iyengar ................... 3 PART II. CANCER PREVENTION STUDIES: LAB STUDIES ........................ 19 Vitamin E Succinate Inhibits Protein Kinase C: Correlation with Its Unique Inhibitory Effects on Cell Growth and Transformation R. Gopalakrishna, U. Gundimeda, and Z. Chen ....................... 21 Vitamin E Succinate: Mechanisms of Action as Tumor Cell Growth Inhibitor Kimberly Kline, Weiping Yu, Bihong Zhao, Karen Israel, April Charpentier, Maria Simmons-Menchaca, and Bob G. Sanders ................................................................. 39 Vitamin D, Gene Expression, and Cancer Hector F. DeLuca ........................................................................... 57 Mechanisms of Cancer Prevention: Effects of Protease Inhibitors on Proteases and Gene Expression Ann R. Kennedy .............................................................................. 71 Antioxidants and Cancer Prevention In Vivo and In Vitro Andrija Kornhauser, Lark A. Lambert, Wayne G. Wamer, Rong Rong Wei, Sukadev Lavu, and William C. Timmer ..... 83 vii Vlll Contents Ascorbic Acid and Gastrointestinal Cancer Marvin Cohen and Hemmi N. Bhagavan ................................. 101 Biochemistry and Pharmacology of Retinoids in Relation to Chemoprevention of Cancer Donald L. Hill, Tzu-Wen Shih, Tsu-Han Lin, and Y. Fulmer Shealy ............................................................. 119 Involvement of Retinoic Acid Nuclear Receptors in Transcriptional Regulation of Tissue Transglutaminase, the Gene Involved in Apoptosis Ajit K. Verma and Mitchell F. Denning .................................... 137 Mechanisms of Dietary Fat-Induced Colon Cancer Promotion Ba ndaru S. Reddy ........................................................................ 157 Calories and Exercise as Modifiers of Cancer Risk E. B. Thorling and N. O. Jacobsen ............................................. 173 Po1cyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon-DNA Adducts in Smokers and Their Relationship to Micronutrient Levels and Glutathione-S-Transferase M1 Genotype Ricardo A. Grinberg-Funes, Vishwa N. Singh, Frederica P. Perera, Douglas A. Bell, Tie Lan Young, Christopher Dickey, Lian W. Wang, and Regina M. Santella .............. 191 Aspects of Commercial Deep-Fat Frying of Fallafel and Its Relation to Liver Tumor 1. A. Sadek, S. S. A. Zeyadah, H. M. Ismail, and S. 1. Saleh ... 211 III. 221 PART CANCER PREVENTION STUDffiS: HUMAN STUDffiS ............... Antioxidant Vitamins and Cancer: The Physicians' Health Study and Women's Health Study Julie E. Buring ............................................................................... 222 Beta-Carotene and Antioxidant Nutrients in Oral Cancer Prevention Harinder Garewal ........................................................................ 235 Contents lX Nutritional Prevention Trials for Colorectal Neoplasia E. Robert Greenberg ..................................................................... 249 PART IV. CANCER TREATMENT STUDIES: LAB STUDIES ...................... 263 Vitamins Induce Cell Differentiation, Growth Inhibition, and Enhance the Effect or Tumor Therapeutic Agents on Some Cancer Cells In Vitro Kedar N. Prasad ........................................................................... 265 Molecular and Biochemical Control of Tumor Growth Following Treatment with Carotenoids or Tocopherols Joel L. Schwartz ........................................................................... 287 Inhibition and Regression of Experimental Oral Cancer by Beta Carotene and Vitamin E: Emerging Concepts Gerald Shklar ............................................................................... 317 Novel Approaches to the Prevention of Chemotherapy Induced Alopecia Joaquin J. Jiminez and Adel A. Yunis ....................................... 333 PART V. CANCER TREATMENT STUDIES: HUMAN STUDIES ................. 347 Role of Vitamin A and Its Derivatives in the Treatment of Human Cancer Frank L. Meyskens Jr ................................................................... 349 Use of Vitamins as Adjunct to Conventional Cancer Therapy Ja e Ho Kim, Sang Hie Kim, Shao-Qin He, Ja dranka Dragovic, and Stephen Brown ............................ 363 Orthomolecular Treatment of Cancer A. Hoffer ........................................................................................ 373 Subject Index ................................................................................ 393 I PART Carcinogenesis
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