Table Of Content

TIPS FOR SAFE PRESCRIPTION WRITING** 1. Take time to write legibly. 2. Print if this would be more legible than handwriting. 3. Use a typewriter or computer if necessary. Prescriptions generated by computer- based electronic medical records will eliminate legibility problems. 4. Carefully print the order to avoid misreading. There are many “sound alike” drugs and medications that have similar spellings (ie, Celexa and Celebrex). For a more extensive list, see www.edrugbook.com. 5. Do not use these clinical abbreviations The Correct Way Do Not Use Problem daily qd M isinterpreted as “qid” (resulting in 4-fold overdose) q other day or qod Misinterpreted as “qid” or “qd” q48 hours units u or U M isinterpreted as a “0” (resulting in a 10-fold overdose) 1 mg 1.0 mg Decimal point can be missed (no trailing zero) o n order (resulting in a 10-fold overdose) 0.1 mg .1 mg Decimal point can be missed (use a leading zero) o n order (resulting in a 10-fold overdose) international units IU Misinterpreted as “IV” morphine MS, MSO4 Misinterpreted as magnesium sulfate magnesium sulfate MgSO4 M isinterpreted as morphine sulfate **Adapted with permission from Gomella LG, Haist SA, eds. Clinician’s Pocket Reference 11th Edition. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2007. Based on recommendations for the use of abbreviations from the National Summit on Medical Abbreviations hosted by The Joint Commission. NURSE’S POCKET DRUG GUIDE 2015 EDITORs Judith A. Barberio, PhD, APN, C, ANP, FNP, GNP Leonard G. Gomella, MD, FACS Susan Underwood, RN, MSN, RD, MS Claudia A. Beck, PhD, ANP-BC New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher, with the exception that the program listings may be entered, stored, and executed in a computer system, but they may not be reproduced for publication. ISBN: 978-0-07-183519-0 MHID: 0-07-183519-9 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-183518-3, MHID: 0-07-183518-0. eBook conversion by codeMantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. 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CONTENTS EDITORS V PREFACE VII MEDICATION KEY IX ABBREVIATIONS XII CLASSIFICATION 1 Allergy 1 Antidotes 1 Antimicrobial Agents 2 Antifungals 4 Antiretrovirals 4 Antineoplastic Agents 5 Cardiovascular (CV) Agents 8 Central Nervous system Agents 11 Dermatologic Agents 14 Dietary supplements 16 Ear (Otic) Agents 16 Endocrine system Agents 17 Eye (Ophthalmic) Agents 19 Gastrointestinal (GI) Agents 20 Hematologic Agents 23 Immune system Agents 24 Musculoskeletal Agents 26 OB/GYN Agents 27 Pain Medications 29 Respiratory Agents 31 Urinary/Genitourinary Agents 33 Vaccines/serums/Toxoids 34 Wound Care 35 Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents 35 Natural & Herbal Agents 36 iii iv Contents GENERIC AND SELECTED BRAND DRUG DATA 37 COMMONLY USED NATURAL AND HERBAL AGENTS 417 TABLES 433 Table 1 Local Anesthetic Comparison Chart for 434 Commonly Used Injectable Agents Table 2 Comparison of systemic steroids 435 Table 3 Topical steroid Preparations 436 Table 4 Comparison of Insulins 438 Table 5 Oral Contraceptives 441 Table 6 Oral Potassium supplements 451 Table 7 Tetanus Prophylaxis 452 Table 8 Oral Anticoagulant standards of Practice 453 Table 9 Antiarrhythmics: Vaughn Williams Classification 455 Table 10 Cytochrome P-450 Isoenzymes and Common Drugs They Metabolize, Inhibit, and Induce 456 Table 11 ssRIs/sNRIs/Triptan and serotonin syndrome 458 Table 12 selected Multivitamin supplements 459 Table 13 Influenza Vaccine strains for 2014–2015 462 INDEX 463 EDITORS Judith A. Barberio, PhD, APN, C, ANP, FNP, GNP Assistant Clinical Professor Speciality Director: Adult/Geriatric Nurse Practitioner Track Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey College of Nursing Newark, New Jersey Leonard G. Gomella, MD, FACS The Bernard W. Godwin, Jr., Professor Chairman, Department of Urology Jefferson Medical College Associate Director of Clinical Affairs Kimmel Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson University Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Susan Underwood, RN, MSN, RD, MS Adjunct, Department of Nutrition, Food Studies and Public Health New York University New York, New York Claudia A. Beck, PhD, ANP-BC v This page intentionally left blank PREFACE We are pleased to present the ninth 2015 edition of the Nurse’s Pocket Drug Guide. The goal is to identify the most frequently used and clinically important medications, including branded, generic, and OTC products. The book includes over 1200 generic medications and is designed to represent a cross-section of commonly used products in healthcare practices across the country. The style of drug presentation includes key “must know” facts of commonly used medications and herbs, essential information for the student, practicing nurse, and healthcare provider. The inclusion of common uses of medications rather than just the official FDA-labeled indications is based on the uses of the medication and herbs supported by publications and community standards of care. All uses have been reviewed by our editorial board. It is essential that students, registered nurses, and advanced-practice nurses learn more than the name and dose of the medications they administer and pre- scribe. Certain common side effects and significant warnings and contraindications are associated with prescription medications and herbs. Although nurses and other healthcare providers should ideally be completely familiar with the entire package insert of any medication prescribed, such a requirement is unreasonable. Refer- ences such as the Physicians’ Desk Reference and the drug manufacturers’ Web sites make package inserts readily available for many medications, but may not highlight clinically significant facts or key data for generic drugs and those available over the counter. The limitations of difficult-to-read package inserts were acknowledged by the Food and Drug Administration in early 2001, when it noted that healthcare providers do not have time to read the many pages of small print in the typical package insert. Newer drugs are producing more user-friendly package insert summaries that highlight important drug information for easier nursing reference. Although useful, these summaries do not commingle with similarly approved generic or “competing” similar products. The editorial board has analyzed the information on both brand and generic medications and has made this key prescribing information available in this pocket-sized book. Information in this book is meant for use by healthcare profes- sionals who are familiar with these commonly prescribed medications and herbs. This 2015 edition has been completely reviewed and updated by our editorial board. Over 110 new drugs and herbs have been added, and dozens of changes in other medications based on FDA actions have been incorporated, including dele- tions of discontinued brand names and compounds. vii viii Preface Where appropriate, emergency cardiac care (ECC) guidelines are provided based on the latest recommendations for the American Heart Association (Circu- lation, Volume 112, Issue 24 Supplement; December 13, 2005 and Volume 122, Issue 25; December 2010), with the ECC emergency medication summary at the back of the book for rapid reference. Editions of this book are also available in a variety of electronic or eBook formats. Visit www.eDrugbook.com for a link to the electronic versions currently available. Additionally, this Web site has enhanced content features such as a comprehensive listing of “look alike–sound alike” medications that can contribute to prescribing errors.