Nucleic acids, DNA replication, transcription, translation and application to molecular detection PDF
Preview Nucleic acids, DNA replication, transcription, translation and application to molecular detection
Fundamentals: Nucleic acids, DNA replication, transcription, translation and application to molecular detection Prokaryotic cell Binary Fission • Bacteria reproduce asexually via binary fission • Each daughter cell is an identical copy (or clone) of its parent cell Microbial evolution 101 Generation 1 Ancestor Genotype Clones Generation 2 Clones Generation 3 Clones and Divergent Generation N Genotypes Microbial genetics 101 • What is DNA ? • What types of DNA molecules are present in a bacterial cell? • What’s the size of the genetic material for a typical bacterial pathogen ? • How many genes does a bacterial pathogen have ? • What’s the average size of a bacterial gene ? What Is DNA? Double Helix Structure and Anti- parallel Orientation Nucleotide = 5 carbon sugar + nitrogenous base + phosphate group DNA is a polynucleotide Constituents of a Gene • Promoter • Ribosome binding site • Open reading frame • Start & Stop codons Stop Start codon codon ATG TAG 5’ 3’ -35 -10 Promoter Ribosome binding site
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