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NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL Monterey, California THESIS NUCLEATE BOILING CHARACTERISTICS OF R-113 IN A SMALL ENHANCED TUBE BUNDLE by Scott V. Chilman September 1991 Thesis Advisor P. J. Marto Thesis Co-Advisor S. B. Memory Approved forpublic release; distribution is unlimited. T257774 lclassificd CURITYCLASSIFICATIONOFTHISPAGE REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGE REPORTSECURITYCLASSIFICATION 1b. RESTRICTIVEMARKINGS Unclassified SECURITYCLASSIFICATIONAUTHORITY 3. DISTRIBUTION/AVAILABILITYOFREPORT Approved forpublic release; distribution is unlimited. DCLASSIHCAnON/DOWNGRADINGSCHEDULE PERFORMINGORGANIZATIONREPORTNUMBER(S) MONITORINGORGANIZATIONREPORTNUMBER(S) NAMEOFPERFORMINGORGANIZATION 6b. OFFICESYMBOL 7a. NAMEOFMONTTORINGORGANIZATION Naval PostgraduateSchool (IfApplicable) NavalPostgraduate School 69 ADDRESS(city,state,andZIPcode) 7b. ADDRESS(city,slate,andZIPcode) Monterey, CA 93943-5000 Monterey,CA 93943-5000 NAMEOFFUNDING/SPONSORING 6b. OFFICESYMBOL 9 PROCUREMENTINSTRUMENTIDENTIFICATIONNUMBER . ORGANIZATION (IfApplicable) ADDRESS(city,suite,andZIPcode) 10. SOURCEOFFUNDINGNUMBERS PROGRAM PROJECT TASK WORKUNIT ELEMENTNO. NO. NO. ACCESSIONNO. TITLE(IncludeSecurityClassification) . NucleateBoilingCharacteristicsofR-l13 in aSmall EnhancedTubeBundle. PERSONALAUTHOR(S) . Chilman, Scott Vincent l TYPEOFREPORT 13b. TIMECOVERED 14. DATEOFREPORT(year,month/iay) 15. PAGECOUNT Master'sThesis FROM4/91 TO9/91 1991 September26 123 SUPPLEMENTARYNOTATION The views expressed in this thesisare thoseoftheauthorand donotreflecttheofficial policyorposition oftheDepartmentof Defenseorthe U.S. Government. COSATICODES 18. SUBJECTTERMS (continueonreverse ifnecessaryandidentifybyblocknumber) FIELD GROUP SUBGROUP Nucleation siteactivation/deactivation, hysteresis loop, natural convectionandnucleatepoolboilingregions ABSTRACT(Continueonreverse ifnecessaryandidentifybyblocknumber) Heat transfer tests were carried out using a small enhanced tube bundle in a pool of R-l13. By accurately instrumenting five tubes within the bundle, both the convective and nucleate boiling regions were studied in detail, with emphasis on the "bundle' effect (i.e. theeffectoflowertubes in operation on upper tubes within the bundle). In addition, the effect of surface history and pool height on nucleation site activation/deactivation was studied to see how this affects the overall heat transferand in particular, the shape ofthe hysteresis loop. From the results, recommendations can be made to improvestart-upprocedureson shipboard AC systems. . DISTRIBUnON/AVAILABILITYOFABSTRACT 21. ABSTRACTSECURITYCLASSIFICATION | UNCXASSTrTED/UMJMTTED J SAMEASRPT. DTICUSERS Unclassified l NAMEOFRESPONSIBLEINDIVIDUAL 22b. TELEPHONE(IncludeAreaCode) 22c. OFFICESYMBOL ProfessorMarto (408) 646-3382 69 Mx > FORM 1473, 84 MAR 83 APReditionmaybeuseduntilexhausted SECURITYCLASSIFICATIONOFTHISPAGE All othereditions are obsolete Unclassified Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Nucleate Boiling Characteristics of R-113 in a Small Enhanced Tube Bundle by Scott V. Chilman Lieutenant, United States Navy B.S.M.E.T., California Maritime Academy, 1983 Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL September 1991 JtG. Aphony J. Healey, Chairman Department of Mechanical Engineering i i ABSTRACT Heat transfer tests were carried out using a small enhanced tube bundle in a pool of R-l13. By accurately instrumenting five tubes within the bundle, both the convective and nucleate boiling regions were studied in detail, with emphasis on the 'bundle' effect (i.e. the effect of lower tubes in operation on upper tubes within the bundle). In addition, the effect of surface history and pool height on nucleation site activation/deactivation was studied to see how this affects the overall heat transfer and in particular, the shape of the hysteresis loop. From the results, recommendations can be made to improve start-up AC procedures on shipboard systems. in TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION I. 1 BACKGROUND A. .1 B. OBJECTIVES 3 LITERATURE SURVEY II. 4 A. GENERAL INTRODUCTION 4 B. EXPERIMENTALAND THEORETICAL STUDIES 5 EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS III. 9 A. TEST APPARATUS OVERVIEW 9 AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT B. 9 1. 8 Ton Refrigeration Unit ....9 2. EthyleneGlycoVWaterMixture 10 Pumps 3. 10 4. Flowmeters 10 C. DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM/INSTRUMENTATION 10 D. EVAPORATOR/CONDENSER 11 E. GEOMETRY OFENHANCED SURFACE USED 14 1. Turbo-BTube 14 EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURES IV. 28 A. REMOVALOFTUBE BUNDLEFROMEVAPORATOR .28 B. BUNDLE DISASSEMBLY 28 SYSTEM CLEAN-UP C. 29 D. SYSTEM REFIT 30 1 . Installation oftube bundle in evaporator 30 IV