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NOVAE GESNERIACEAE NEOTROPICARUM XV: KOHLERIA HYPERTRICHOSA, A NEW SPECIES OF GESNERIACEAE FROM NORTHWESTERN ECUADOR PDF

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Preview NOVAE GESNERIACEAE NEOTROPICARUM XV: KOHLERIA HYPERTRICHOSA, A NEW SPECIES OF GESNERIACEAE FROM NORTHWESTERN ECUADOR

NOVAE GESNERIACEAE NEOTROPICARUM KOHLERIA HYPERTRICHOSA, XV: NEW A FROM NORTHWESTERN OF GESNERIACEAE ECUADOR SPECIES John Laurence Skog Clark Littner E. Department MRC- of Biological Sciences Botany Department, 66 1 PO Box 870345 Smithsonian Box 37012 Institution, Alabama Museum The of University National of Natural History Alabama DC Tuscaloosa, 35487-0345. Washington, 200 13-70 U.S.A. U.S.A. 12. [email protected] [email protected] RESUMEN Kohkria (Gesneriaceae, tribe Gloxinieae) d cuador, en donde es una especie endemica The most who recent treatment of the genus Kohkria Regel that by Kvist and Skog recognized 17 (1992), is More species. recently, Roalson (2005a) transferred the two species of the genus Capanea Decaisne ex et al. Planchon Kohkria making The to currently a genus of 19 recognized species. revised circumscription of it Kohkria to include Capanea (Roalson 2005a) based primarily on molecular data from the nuclear et is al. DNA DNA ribosomal and internal transcribed spacer region, the chloroplast trnL intron trnL-trnF intergenic spacer region (Roalson et 2005b). Traditional Kohkria the recent monograph by Kvist and Skog, al. (e.g., would many be 1992) paraphyletic with the exclusion of Capanea. Thus, of the features that differentiated Capanea autapomorphic are for a well-supported clade nesting in Kohkria (Roalson 2005b). et al. new The species described here has a history of being collected in the Carchi province where locally is it abundant in cloud was assumed be new Capanea by Hans Wiehler when forests. initially to a species of It was and collected appeared in a photograph in the horticultural journal The Gloxinian (McDowell 1995). it K Images new of hypertrichosa also appeared in the Gesneriad Journal as a species of Capanea in a report of (Dunn member collecting expedition Ecuador The was assumed be a to 1997). species to a of this formerly recognized genus because of the woolly pubescence, the shape of the and epiphytic corolla, habit. its Kohkria Vegetatively hypertrichosa appears similar to Monopyle because of the strongly anisophyllous leaves and dorsiventral shoots. In the type locality of Kohkria hypertrichosa, the species Monopyle macrocarpa Benth. is also abundant (cf., field collection ]. L. Clark 6298). The two species often grow side-by-side and telling them apart vegetatively challenging. is The species described here remarkable in that has been collected and specimens annotated as be- is it new longing to Monopyle or Capanea, but not Kohkria. The correct placement of species has perplexed this many Gesneriaceae workers because more of habit (facultative epiphyte instead of the typical its terrestrial habit in Kohkria)] thick wooly pubescence on the outer surface of the corolla (more typical of Capanea); and strongly anisophyllous (more The key synapomorphy leaves typical of Monopyle). recognizing for traditional Kohkria dehiscing by from apex ID and The is a fruit a single dorsal slit to base (Figs. 2G). presence of this unknown was type of in species was observed and photographed 2001 fruit this until in field collec- it (cf., Many new tion J.L. Clark 6288). other collectors Tirado and Hoover) had documented this species in (e.g., Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2(1) 20 The presence making without molecular of place data. but not in thus a difficult species to flower, fruit, it A stomatomorphic most with congeners. shares bilobed stigma a notable feature that K. hypertrichosa a is Capanea Monopyle and an autapomorphy in the two traditionally recognized species of stigma present in is is combined (Roalson 2005a). were recently in Kohleria et that al. many which Another morphological feature of species in Kohleria, is also present in K. hypertrichosa, is pouch The pouch on ventricose in K. hyper- the presence of a ventricose apical the lower side of the corolla. pouch was not and on herbarium the sometimes obscured anthesis pressed collections after (e.g., trichosa is & Dunn and 2406 Clark 2408). photographs and such Clark R.W. et apparent in early collections asJ.L. J.L. al. from supported by molecular data the nuclear The placement hypertrichosa also strongly generic of K. is DNA DNA and ribosomal internal transcribed spacer region, the chloroplast trnL intron trnL-trnF intergenic by Roalson One phylogeny published samples appeared in the spacer region (Roalson 2005b). of the that et al. al a tissue sample from silica gel-dried leaves of a paratype of K. hypertrichosa (cf., field collection J.L. et is & 2446" li Dunn The noted in Roalson (2005b) Kohleria sp. nov. Clark R.W. 2446). specific collection is et al. as, Wiehler. where was shown being strongly supported as the sister taxon to Kohleria villosa (Fritsch) as it & Ecuador. 1-2). Canton Kohleria hypertrichosa Clark L.E. Skog, sp. nov. (Figs. Carchi: Espejo, Par- Type: J.L. & AAU, o 1600-2000 m, Syka 8450 (holotype: US; isotypes: 00°49'46"N 78 07'03"W, 5 Jul 2003, J L. Clark, S.G. Clark, E. Folleco B. ) QCNE, UNA, COL, GH, MO, NY, QCA, SEL, US, W). BRIT, C, CAS, E, K, F, m Facultative epiphytic climber; rarely terrestrial, stems dorsiventral to erect, frequently branched, to 2 subwoody herbaceous, glabrescent below, densely pilose to sericeous above. Leaves opposite, long, to terete, mm 3-10 blade subcoria- unequal with petioles long, green, densely sericeous, in a pair; larger leaf terete, apex when 6-14 1.5-4 cm, base acute and occasionally asymmetrical, x ceous dry, elliptic to slightly falcate, on abaxially margin adaxially pale green, sparingly to densely pilose (especially veins), attenuate, serrate, mm densely green reddish-green, uniformly pilose; smaller leaf with petioles sessile to 3 long, green, to and cm, when narrowly 1-2.5 x 1-1.5 base blade subcoriaceous dry, broadly ovate (rarely ovate), sericeous, on abaxially apex rounded, margin adaxially pale green, sparingly to densely pilose (especially veins), serrate, reduced cyme, appearing epedunculate, fasciculate, uniformly green reddish-green, pilose. Inflorescence to than with flower per node or near stem apices; bracteoles absent; pedicels longer the petiole, (rarely at 1 2) cm zygomorphic, not resupinate; calyx lobes ventral lobe free, lateral 1.5-3 long, densely sericeous. Flowers 5, mm, 1.5-2.0 3-5 and connate lobes erect anthesis, reflexed in fruit, equal, ovate, dorsal lobes basally for at densely x 0.5-1.0 cm, apex margin nearly entire with 1-3 pairs of serrations, bright red, outside acute, cm cm 2.5-3.0 long; base in diameter, horizontal in calyx; sericeous, inside sparsely sericeous; corolla 1 appearing middle becoming ventricose on lower surface, throat slightly constricted, laterally ampliate, apically cm with dense white pubescence, covered compressed, wide mouth), outside yellowish-white, villous to 1 (at mouth subequal, rotund, mostly yellow with red with glandular trichomes, lobes glabrous, red, inside spots, mm mm around glands evenly distributed wide, rounded, nectary of separate 3 long, 5 entire; five to to mm mm wide stamens didynamous, included; ovary, each 1.0-1.5 high and 0.5-1.5 at base, glabrous; 4, mm cm adnate the base of the corolla tube, pilose; anthers longer than broad, ca. 2 filaments 1.6 long, to mm 2-5 wide, dehiscing by longitudinal staminode not observed; ovary inferior, villous, long, 1.5 slits; ca. mm mm 20-30 3-6 mm, 9-12 stigma included, forked. Fruit an oblong capsule, x long, sericeous, style 4-8 mm, by from apex seeds numerous, subglobose, base; diameter dehiscing single dorsal to a long, slit mm, brown. dark irregularly 0.4 x 0.3 striate, The with May, November, and December. only collections Phenology.— Flowering in January, April, and December. from May, are fruits July, known on from northwestern Ecuadorian cloud forests the Distribution.—Kohleria hypertrichosa is 2000 western Andean slopes of the Carchi and Esmeraldas provinces from 1100 to meters. It is locally new and A Clark Skog, species of Kohleria from northwestern Ecuador Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2(1) new Clark and Skog, A species of Kohleria from northwestern Ecuador 23 abundant sometimes and covering trees trailsides, especially in the Mirador de las Golondrinas, a private managed Awa reserve by Fundacion Golondrinas and the Gualpi area near the Reserva (collections exist No both and made inside outside the Territorio Awa). collections of Kohleria hypertrichosa have been outside and of the Carchi Esmeraldas provinces, but likely to also occur in the adjacent Department of Narino, is it Colombia where limited recent botanical exploration has taken place. — The from Etymology. epithet hypertrichosa derived the congenital condition of generalized "Hyper- is trichosis," the medical term referring to a condition of excessive growth of body hair in humans. The condi- commonly known tion as "Werewolf syndrome" which comes from a mythological werewolf of which the is commonly person completely covered Although grown is in hair or fur. not in cultivation, the plant species known among horticulturalists as "Chewbacca," the famous hairy biped character ("Wookie") from is for A New phenomenon the popular 1977 movie Wars Hope. cult Star IV: :anton Espejo, Bosqi e Protector Mira or de Golondrinas, bDeettwweeeenn tthhee vviillllaaggee LLaass jJuunnttas and Cabana la 1996 J.L. Clark, Espejo, QCNE, (MO, " SRP, I 000 m, Apr 1996 10 J.L Qu the village of QCNE, Clark &O.Mejia 6288 (MO, US) J.L. fr) 3WN, m,7D 00-1800 O.Mejia& 78°34'W, 2001 E.Diaz 12 c J.L. Clark 63. (fl, fr) Aug 1992 11 G. lipaz, (fl), b. Support was by McDonald Endowment Fund for this project for the author provided the Elvin Research first of The Gesneriad Society, the National Science Foundation (DEB 0206512), the Explorers Club Washington We Group, and Fulbright Graduate Study and Research Abroad a Scholarship. are grateful to Alice Tangerini for new preparing illustrations of the species and Harold Robinson for assisting with the Latin diagnosis. Herbaria We MO, QCNE, and SEL acknowledged making acknowledge are for their collections available to us. also Roalson and and comments on Eric Christian Feuillet for their careful reviews the manuscript. REFERENCES A and Dunn, R.W. 997. bright shining Gesneriad 8(3-4):4-9. star. 1 J. ^Donde McDowell, M. 1995. Esta Gloxinian 45(4):16-22. Lita? and Kvist, LP. LE. Skog. 1992. Revision of Kohleria (Gesneriaceae). Smithsonian Contr. Bot. 79:1-83. Journal of the Botanical Research Institute of Texas 2(1) 24 and boundaries the Gloxinieae and 2005a. Reorganization of generic in Boggan, LE. Skog. tribal Roalson, E.H., J.K. new and the Gesnerioideae, Sphaerorrhizeae. (Gesneriaceae: Gesnerioideae) the description of a tribe in 25:225-238. Selbyana Phylogenetic and 2005b. Untangling Gloxinieae (Gesneriaceae). Roalson, E.H.J.K. Boggan, LE. Skog, E.A. Zimmer. I. and morphological datasets. and generic boundaries inferred from nuclear, chloroplast, cladistic patterns Taxon 54:389-410.

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