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Nourishing the land, nourishing the people: a Madagascar success story PDF

243 Pages·2010·8.07 MB·English
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Nourishing the Land, Nourishing the People The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) works with poor rural people to enable them to grow and sell more food, increase their incomes and determine the direction of their own lives. Since 1978, IFAD has invested over US$12 billion in grants and low- interest loans to developing countries, empowering more than 350 million people to break out of poverty. IFAD is an international financial institution and a specialized UN agency based in Rome – the UN’s food and agricultural hub. It is a unique partnership of 165 members from the Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC), other developing countries and the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). Website: www.ifad.org. This book was written within the framework of an initiative to promote innovations in rural development, financed by the UK Department for International Development (DFID). Other studies were vital to the production of this book, most notably the improvement of knowledge sharing and the monitoring and evaluation systems for IFAD programme in Madagascar. The results can be seen at : www.segs-mada.net (Information on the progress of the initiative, in French) and www.capfida.mg(Information on IFAD activities in Madagascar, in French and English). This book was published in French in November 2008 by L’Harmattan Paris: NOURRIR LA TERRE, NOURRIR LES HOMMES La mise en valeur réussie du haut bassin du Mandraré à Madagascar L’Harmattan 5-7 rue de l’Ecole-Polytechnique F – 75005 – PARIS Brett Shapiro Assefa Woldeyes Harifidy Ramilison Andrianiainasoa Rakotondratsima Under the coordination of Benoît Thierry NOURISHING THE LAND, NOURISHING THE PEOPLE THE STORY OF ONE RURAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECT IN THE DEEP SOUTH OF MADAGASCAR THAT MADE A DIFFERENCE This page intentionally left blank Published by International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) and CABI (a trading name of CAB International) CABI Head Office CABI North American Office Nosworthy Way 875 Massachusetts Avenue, 7th Wallingford Floor Oxfordshire OX10 8DE Cambridge, MA 02139 UK USA Tel: +44 (0)1491 832111 Tel: +1 617 395 4056 Fax: +44 (0)1491 833508 Fax: +1 617 354 6875 E-mail: [email protected] E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.cabi.org © IFAD2010. All rights reserved. Reproduction and dissemination of material in this information product for educational or other non-commercial purposes are authorized without any prior written permission from the copyright holders provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction of material in this information product for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without written permission of the copyright holder. Applications for such permission should be addressed to the Director, Communications Division, IFAD, Via Paolo di Dono 44, 00142 Rome, Italy or by e-mail to [email protected] (website: www.ifad.org). The designations employed and the presentation of material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of IFAD and/or the co-publisher concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The designations “developed” and “developing” economies are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgement about the stage reached by a particular country, territory or area in the development process. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of IFAD. Photo Credits: ©IFAD Photo Archives, PHBM staff, 1996-2008 Rindra Ramasomanana, www.tophos.com, 2007 Frédéric Loward, 2007 Sylvie Le Guével, 2007 Assefa Woldeyes, 2007-2008 Benoît Thierry, 2000-2008 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library, London, UK. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nourrir la terre, nourrir les hommes. English. Nourishing the land, nourishing the people : the story of one rural development project in the deep south of Madagascar that made a difference / Benoit Thierry ... [et al.]. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references. ISBN 978-1-84593-739-3 (hardback : alk. paper) -- ISBN 978-1-84593-740-9 (pbk. : alk. paper) 1. Projet de mise en valeur du haut bassin du Mandrare (Madagascar) 2. Rural development--Madagascar. 3. Madagascar--Economic conditions. I. Thierry, Benoit. II. Title. HD2129.5.N6813 2010 338.9691--dc22 2010019849 ISBN-13: 978 1 84593 739 3 (hardback) 978 1 84593 740 9 (paperback) Commissioning editor: Nigel Farrar Production editor: Tracy Head Printed and bound in the UK from copy supplied by the authors by CPI Antony Rowe, Chippenham. TABLE OF CONTENTS ABOUT THE AUTHORS.............................................................9 ACRONYMS...............................................................................11 LIST OF TABLES, CHARTS AND GRAPHS............................13 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS.........................................................14 PREFACE...................................................................................16 FOREWORD..............................................................................26 1 THE RED ISLAND, ITS PEOPLE AND ITS ECONOMY.....27 2 “TSY MITOLIKE” AND THE BIRTH OF A PROJECT.......39 3 USING AND MANAGING IRRIGATION, A COMPLEX PROCESS...................................................................................47 4 MORE WATER, MORE RICE: A GREEN REVOLUTION ...7 0 5 INVOLVING THE COMMUNITIES......................................84 6 THE POWER OF ONIONS AND GARLIC.........................106 7 WHERE THE ZEBU REIGNS.............................................117 8 MONEY MATTERS – SAVINGS AND LOANS...................141 9 ACKNOWLEDGING THE ROLE OF WOMEN IN DEVELOPMENT....................................................................156 10 RESTORING THE FORESTS............................................168 11 SPREADING THE WORD.................................................176 12 WORKING WITH OTHERS..............................................184 13 WHEN THE PROJECT LEAVES…...................................188 REFERENCES........................................................................201 7 This page intentionally left blank ABOUT THE AUTHORS Brett Shapiro is a writer and journalist. For the past 15 years, he has written and edited numerous technical, policy, advocacy and general audience publications for more than a dozen United Nations agencies. He also provides specialized training in writing to UN staff at the United Nations System Staff College in Turin, in headquarters offices and in the field, as well as to diplomats at the Italian Ministry of Foreign Affairs. In addition, he is a visiting professor at the University of Siena. Outside of the United Nations System and his development work, Mr. Shapiro is the author of the best-selling “L’Intruso”, a memoir published in Italy (Feltrinelli) and subsequently a film and theatrical production. He collaborated with the conductor Robert Craft on a biography of Igor Stravinsky entitled “Dearest Bubushkin”, published in the United Kingdom (Thames and Hudson). He has also written two children’s books, “The Adventures of Bailey the Bag Dog” (1998), winner of Austria’s National Book Award and published in France, Germany, Austria and South Korea, and “Bailey Strikes It Rich”. His essays and articles have appeared in numerous magazines and newspapers in Italy and the United States and he has made many guest appearances on Italian television. Assefa Woldeyes is a field practitioner and has been an international consultant for agricultural and rural development projects/programmes in many countries of Sub-Saharan Africa for nearly 34 years. He has worked with the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD), the World Bank, the African Development Bank, the European Development Fund, the United Nations Development Programme, the United Nations Office for Project Services, FAO, USAID, and other international agencies. He has occupied major positions, including: (i) Project/Programme Supervisor of IFAD-funded projects in Burundi and Madagascar; (ii) Senior Technical Assistant and Advisor, for 17 years to initiatives in Burkina Faso, Madagascar and Mali; (iii) Expert for 11 years in ten countries in Africa. With respect to the Upper Mandrare River Basin Development Project, he supervised the project from 2006 to 2008, and in 2007 prepared a series of technical notes assessing the 12- year performance of the project. In 2008 he contributed to the project’s second review. Dr. Woldeyes holds a Master of Science and a PhD in Economics and Planning of Agricultural Development and Tropical Agronomic Studies from Paris, France. Harifidy Ramilison, a rural hydraulic engineer, was the first Director of the PHBM (1996-2004) and paved the way for its success. He 9

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