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Notions of Nationhood in Bengal: Perspectives on Samaj, c. 1867-1905 (Philosophy of History and Culture) PDF

421 Pages·2009·2.711 MB·English
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Preview Notions of Nationhood in Bengal: Perspectives on Samaj, c. 1867-1905 (Philosophy of History and Culture)

Notions of Nationhood in Bengal Philosophy of History and Culture Editor Michael Krausz BrynMawrCollege AdvisoryBoard AnnetteBaier(UniversityofPittsburgh) PurushottamaBilimoria(DeakinUniversity,Australia) CoraDiamond(UniversityofVirginia) WilliamDray(UniversityofOttawa) NancyFraser(NewSchoolforSocialResearch) CliffordGeertz†(InstituteforAdvancedStudy,Princeton) PeterHacker(St.John'sCollege,Oxford) RomHarré(LinacreCollege,Oxford) BernardHarrison(UniversityofSussex) MarthaNussbaum(UniversityofChicago) LeonPompa(UniversityofBirmingham) JosephRaz(BalliolCollege,Oxford) AmélieRorty(HarvardUniversity) VOLUME29 Notions of Nationhood in Bengal Perspectives on Samaj, c. 1867–1905 By Swarupa Gupta LEIDEN•BOSTON 2009 Coverillustration:KantaNagarerMandir(templeofKantaNagar)inDinajpur.Courtesy:Dey's Publishing(Publisher:SudhangshuSekharDey),Calcutta. Thisbookisprintedonacid-freepaper. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Gupta,Swarupa. NotionsofnationhoodinBengal:perspectivesonSamaj,c.1867–1905/bySwarupaGupta. p.cm.–(Philosophyofhistoryandculture,ISSN0922-6001;v.29) Includesbibliographicalreferencesandindex. ISBN978-90-04-17614-0(hardback:acid-freepaper) 1.Bengal(India)–Intellectuallife–19thcentury.2.Bengal(India)–History–Autonomyand independencemovements.3.Bengal(India)–History–19thcentury.I.Title.II.Series. DS485.B49G8532009 954'.14035–dc22 2009013694 ISSN 0922-6001 ISBN 9789004176140 Copyright2009byKoninklijkeBrillNV,Leiden,TheNetherlands. KoninklijkeBrillNVincorporatestheimprintsBrill,HoteiPublishing, IDCPublishers,MartinusNijhoffPublishersandVSP. Allrightsreserved.Nopartofthispublicationmaybereproduced,translated,storedin aretrievalsystem,ortransmittedinanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,mechanical, photocopying,recordingorotherwise,withoutpriorwrittenpermissionfromthepublisher. AuthorizationtophotocopyitemsforinternalorpersonaluseisgrantedbyKoninklijkeBrillNV providedthattheappropriatefeesarepaiddirectlytoTheCopyrightClearanceCenter, 222RosewoodDrive,Suite910,Danvers,MA01923,USA. Feesaresubjecttochange. printedinthenetherlands FormyfatherMukulGupta andmymotherChhandaGupta CONTENTS Acknowledgments..................................................... ix Introduction ........................................................... 1 ChapterOne. NationalistIdeologues,Ideasandtheir Dissemination....................................................... 45 ChapterTwo. RecreatingaJati ....................................... 93 ChapterThree. SamajandPerspectivesonUnity.................... 139 ChapterFour. Caste,ClassandInternal‘Others’:‘LowerOrders’ inBengal ............................................................ 173 ChapterFive. ContiguousEthnicities ................................ 221 ChapterSix. Sub-Regional‘Essences’andtheRegionalSelf......... 271 ChapterSeven. FromRegiontoNation:TheIdeaofIndia .......... 309 Conclusion............................................................. 351 Bibliography ........................................................... 361 Glossary................................................................ 379 Index ................................................................... 385 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS This book is based on my Ph.D. thesis completed at the School of Ori- entalandAfricanStudies,UniversityofLondonin.Iamindebted to many, more than I am able to acknowledge, but most of all to my supervisorProfessorPeterRobb.Wordsseeminadequateforexpressing mygratitudeforhisconstantguidance,supportandconcern.Hissuper- vision opened my mind to new ideas and perspectives in my intellec- tualjourney,andhisconstructivesuggestionshelpedimprovemywork. I am also deeply grateful to Dr Subho Basu who was initially my co- supervisor. I greatly benefited fromhis suggestions that helpedmy for- mulation of methodological trajectories in analysing the interrelation betweenthekeyconcepts(samaj,jatianditihasorhistory)interrogated inthisbook.ThesuggestionsandcommentsofDrGordonJohnson,and Dr Joya Chatterji enriched mywork, andhelped merethink and recast somethemesexploredinthisbook.IamalsogratefultoProfessorRajat KantaRaywhogavemesuggestionsandinsightsbeforeIstartedmyfor- mal Ph.D. course work in London. Professor Chittabrata Palit, Profes- sorPapiaChakravartyandProfessorJayantaKumarRayhavehelpedme throughtheircommentsandsuggestions,aswellastheiradviceandsus- tenance.ProfessorSugataBose’sandProfessorDavidGilmartin’ssugges- tionsonearlierdraftsofthisworkalsohelpedmesharpenmyarguments. Igratefullyacknowledgethecontributionofscholarswhohavewritten onrelatedaspectsofthethemeofmybook.Theirworkshaveprovided afoundation,comparativereferencepointandinspirationalbackground forconceivingthisbook.Theyareacknowledgedinthenotes,butIwould particularly like to mention the seminal works of Professor C.A. Bayly, Professor Rajat Kanta Ray, Professor Tapan Raychaudhuri, Professor Anthony D. Smith, Professor Prasenjit Duara, Professor Peter van der Veer,ProfessorNiharranjanRayandDineshchandraSen. I am very grateful for the help given me by the staff of the School of Oriental and African Studies Library, and of the Oriental and India Office Collection, British Library, London. The staff of the National Library(RareBookSectionandtheMainSection),Calcutta,theBangiya Sahitya Parishat, Calcutta, the Hites Ranjan Sanyal Archival Collection

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