Noteworthy Collections

2008·8.3 MB·English

Madrono, Vol. 55, No. 4, pp. 306-313, 2008
NOTEWORTHY COLLECTIONS
California McCloud site in the Cascade Range ofcentral Oregon
at Mink Lake Basin, Lane County, at 1410 melevation
Vib—urnum edule (Michx.) Raf. (Caprifolia- (Oregon Plant Atlas, Oregon Flora Project, [web
CEAE). Siskiyou Co., McCloud, in a spring-fed application]. Available http://www.oregonflora.org,
montaneriparian/montanemeadowhabitat. Associated [Accessed November 5, 2007]) (R. E. Brainerd #57,
species include Salix lucida, Crataegus suksdorfiii. September4, 1997; ZUMREB57).
Spiraea douglasii, Ribes nevadense. Primus virginiana, —
Rhanmuspurshiana, Cornus sessilis, Carex spp., Juncus Len Lindstrand III, Fisheries/Wildlife Biologist,
spp., Mimulusguttotus, Populus tremuloides. and Piims Terrestrial Biology Program Manager, North State
pRo3ndWeroNsEa'./4GirSaecr.d R12i,dgUeTUMSGS107.055'7q2u2a8d3rEang4l5e6,89T1329NN, dRiensgo,urcCeAs, 9I6n0c0.,2.50l0i0ndsBetcrhaenldl(i^nLsarnnee,t.cSoumi;tea2n0d3,JRueldi-e
elevation 945 m, 5 July 2007, L. Lindstrand III, s. n. KiERSTEAD Nelson, Forest Botanist, Shasta-Trinity
(North State Resources Herbarium' [private], Shasta- National Forest, 3644 Avtech Parkway, Redding, CA
Trinity National Forest Herbarium-, JEPS). 96002.jknelson(^fs.fed.us
Previous Knowledge. Viburnum edule has not previ-
ously been recorded from California. The species is
knowntooccuracrossCanadaandthenorthernU.S. in
moist forests and swamps. This finding represents the California
first record of the species in California, and also
represents the southernmost-recorded extent of the Atri—plexAMNICOLA Paul G. Wilson (Chenopodia-
species on the west coast of North America. At the CEAE). Los Angeles Co., City of Malibu, Malibu
McCloud site the species was first observed in Lagoon at Pacific Coast Hwy., UTM (NAD 83) IIS
vegetative and flowering condition on 12 June 2007, 0344636E 3766992N, elev. 10 m, locally common on
when a small amount ofmaterial was collected in the beach sands, in sandy scrub, edge of salt marsh, and
field. Following an initial examination, the plant was alongpathsandaccessroads, 8Jul2006, Riefner06-289
considered to be an undetermined species of Viburnum. (CANB, CDA, RSA). Orange Co., CityofDana Point,
Subsequently, the species was examined by the second beach south of Salt Creek near Ritz Carlton Hotel at
author and tentatively identified as Viburnum edule. Pacific Coast Hwy., UTM (NAD 83) 043360IE
Additional plant materialwascollected in the field on 5 3702917N, elev. 2 m, uncommon, 22 May 1999, Riefner
July 2007, and a voucher was sent to the Jepson 99-290(RSA); samelocality, 9 Sep2005, Riefner05-658
Herbarium for annotation, where herbarium staff (RSA); CityofNewport Beach, UpperNewport Bay, E
confirmed the species identification as Viburnum edule, ofBayside Dr. atconfluencewith BigCanyondrainage,
noting that the determination "is obvious". UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0418191E 3721588N, elev. 6 m,
Signifieance. This represents the first recorded obser- locally common, edge of salt marsh and in Atriplex
vation of Viburnum edule in California, and along with lentiformis scrub, 16 Sep 2005, Riefner 05-666 (CANB,
kVniobuwrnnutmoelolcicputricuimn, tishethsetastee.conTdhisspeacliseos orfeprVeisbeunrtnsuma C1-D5AF,reReSwAa)y;aCtitCyaomfiSnaondCeleEmsetnretlel,aaelxiotn,gUnoTrMth-(bNouAnDd
southern extension of the species in the west coast 83) lis 0439445E 3702126N, elev. 67m, frequent,
portionofitsrange. ViburnumeduleoccursfromAlaska annual grassland and planted Eucalyptus stand, 12 Feb
to Newfoundland, south to Oregon, northern Idaho, 2006, Riefner 06-21 (CANB, CDA, RSA); City of
Colorado, Minnesota, and Pennsylvania; including Newport Beach, N shore of Newport Bay, near
sixteen states and twelve provinces (NatureServe, 2007, Bayview Wy. and Bayview PI., UTM (NAD 83) IIS
NatureServe Explorer: An online encyclopedia of life 0419132E 3723855N, elev. 7 m, common, edge of
[web application]. Version 6.2, NatureServe, Arlington, riparian scrub and in coastal sage scrub, 17 Apr 2006,
Virginia, Available http://www.natureserve.org/explor- Riefner06-155 (CDA, RSA); CityofNewport Beach, E
ecru.rrAecntcleyssdeedsiNgonavteemdbebyr t1h9e, 2st0a0t7e)s. oVfibMiucrhniugmane,dulNeewis oBfayNeDwrp.o,rtUTBaMy,(BiNgACDan8y3o)nICIrSee0k4dIr7a9i9n7aEge3n7e2a1r4B9a3Nc,k
York, and Vermont as a threatened species, as elev. 9 m,common,edgeofsaltmarsh,onalkalineflats,
endangered by the state ofWisconsin, and as a special and in disturbed scrub, 6 Aug 2006, Riefner 06-381
concern species in Maine. In the northwestern U.S., (CDA, RSA); CityWof San Juan Capistrano, San Juan
Viburnum edule occurs in western, central and north- Creek, ca. 0.2 mi of intersection of Paseo Tirador
eastern Washington, northern Idaho, and north-central and Calle Arroyo St., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0439010E
Oregon (Hitchcock, C. L., A. Cronquist, M. Ownbey, 3706660N, elev. 31 m, locallycommon,edgeofriparian
andJ. W. Thompson [eds.], 1959, VascularPlantsofthe woodlandandinopen field,4Aug2007, Riefner07-344
Pacific Northwest, Vol. 4, Seattle, WA), and has no (RSA); City ofSan Juan Capistrano, San Juan Creek,
conservationstatusinthosestates.Thenearestrecorded vicinity of San Juan Creek Rd. and Paseo Christina,
locations are approximately 402 km north of the UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0440852E 3707792N, elev. 34 m,
locally common, dirt lot, disturbed creek bank, and
Baccharis salicifolia scrub, 11 Sep 2007, Riefner 07-378
Bec'hNeollrithLanSet,atSeuitRees2o0u3,rcReesd,diInngc,.CHAer9b6a0r0i2.um, 5000 (aRnSdA);AvCei.tyVoafqSuaenroC,lemUenTtMe, v(icNinAitDy of83C)all0e4V4i0c2e4n0tEe
~Shasta-Trinity National Forest Herbarium, 3644 3702184N, elev. 40 m, locally common on roadside
Avtech Parkway, Redding, CA 96002. slopes, 26 Oct 2007, Riefner 07-455 (RSA); City ofSan
NOTEWORTHY COLLECTIONS
2008] 307
Clemente, vicinity ofCamino de Los Mares and Calle documented outside ofthe Santa Ana River watershed
Nuevo, UTM (NAD 83) 0440303E 3702760N, elev. in Orange County (Roberts 1998, A Checkhst of the
45 m, large population on steep slope near residential Vascular Plants ofOrange County, California, 2nd ed.,
community, spreading to roadsides and coastal sage F.M. Roberts Publications, Encinitas, CA; Hrusa et al.
scrub, 25 May 2008, Riefner 08-118 (RSA). San Diego 2002 loc. cit.\ Rebman and Simpson 2006, Checklist of
Co., University City, Governor Dr. on-ramp at Hwy. the Vascular Plants ofSan Diego County, 4th ed., San
805, UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0482779E 3635380N, elev. Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego, CA;
117 m, uncommon, roadside in ruderal vegetation, 19 Clarke et al. 2007 loc. cit.). Atriplex amnicola has not
Nov 2006, Riefner 06-681 (RSA). been documented from western Riverside County
Previous knowledge. Atriplex amnicola (river salt- (Roberts et al. 2004, The Vascular Plants of Western
bush) was not included in The Jepson Manual or in Riverside County, California: An Annotated Checklist,
recent publications listing non-native species or facul- F. M. Roberts Publications, San Luis Rey, CA).
tative exotic wetland plants recently established in Based on field observations in southern California,
California (Taylor and Wilken 1993, in Hickman, ed.. A. amnicola occupies habitats similar to big saltbush
The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of Cahfornia, [Atriplex lentiformis (Torrey) S. Watson], which in-
University ofCalifornia Press, Berkeley, CA; Hrusa et cludes saline to moderately alkaline soils ofsalt marsh
al. 2002, Madrofio 46: 61-98; DiTomaso and Healy transition zones, thecoastal strand, and non-salinesage
2003, Aquatic and Riparian Weeds of the West, U.C. scrub, stream bank and riparian communities, and
Agriculture and Natural Resources Publication 3421, ruderal or roadside habitats. Atriplex amnicola may
Oakland, CA; DiTomaso and Healy 2007, Weeds of have been introduced via seed mixes used to restore/
CaliforniaandotherWesternStates,Vol. 1,Aizoaceae- enhance coastal lagoon ecosystems before more rigor-
Fabaceae, U.C. Agriculture and Natural Resources ous guidelines were adopted that prioritize the use of
Publication 3488, Oakland, CA; Grewell et al. 2007, appropriately adapted native plants over exotic species
Estuarine wetlands, in M.G. Barbour, T. Keeler-Wolf, fornaturalcommunity revegetation programs (Rodgers
and A.A. Schoenherr, eds.. Terrestrial Vegetation of and Montalvo 2004, Genetically Appropriate Choices
California, 3rd ed.. University of California Press, for Plant Materials to Maintain Biological Diversity,
Berkeley, CA; Riefnerand Boyd 2007, J. Bot. Res. Inst. University of California, Davis). Atriplex amnicola,
Texas 1: 709-730). Atriplex amnicola, a native of however, is apparently still being utilized in seed mixes
Australia, however, is well established on sea beaches designed for habitat restoration and erosion control
and in coastal scrub near Malibu in Los Angeles projects in coastal Orange County and possibly in San
County (Welsh 2004, in Flora of North America, Diego County. It is spreading rapidly from landscaped
Vol. 4, Oxford University Press, New York, NY). A slopes in urban environments to native plant commu-
small population has recently been reported from nities. Owing to its availability on the commercial seed
Newport Back Bay in Orange County, where it is market, ecological adaptability, and widespread success
spreadingrapidly(Clarkeetal. 2007, Flora oftheSanta inrehabilitatingdegraded lands, it isexpectedelsewhere
Ana River and Environs, Heyday Books, Berkeley, in the South Coast region. Atriplexamnicola appears to
CA). be an invasive shrub that could displace native plants
In Western Australia, A. amnicola occurs in coastal and disrupt natural ecosystems in southern Cahfornia.
—
regionsandinland sites alongcreeksand themarginsof Atriplex glauca L. (Chenopodiaceae). Los
salt lakes (Wilson 1984, in Flora of Australia, Vol. 4, Angeles Co., Port of Los Angeles, City of San Pedro,
Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, Cabrillo Beach along Via Cabrillo Marina Rd. near
Australia.). It is one ofa suite ofsaltbushes utilized for Shoshonean Rd., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0380990E
rehabilitation of saltland pasture and harvested for 3731603N, elev. 10 m, uncommon, growing with
commercial seed production in Western Australia Atriplex semihaccata on unstable bluff soils, 21 Jan
(Barrett-Lennard 2003, Saltland Pastures in Australia- 2006, Riefner 06-11 (RSA); Palos Verdes Peninsula,
A Practical Guide, Land, Water and Wool, Canberra, vicinity ofVia Alar and Palos Verdes Dr. West, UTM
Australia; Tranen Revegetation Systems 2005, Austra- (NAD 83) 1IS 0371250E 3741020N, elev. 64 m, locally
lian Native Seed Catalogue, Jolimont, Western Aus- common on brushyslopes, 10 Mar2007, Riefner07-121
tralia; Stevens et al. 2006, Austrahan J. Agricultural (RSA); Palos Verdes Peninsula, Portuguese Bend,
Res. 57: 1279-1289). Due to its tolerance to saline soils 0.5 mi S ofPeppertree Dr. on Palos Verdes Dr. South,
andwaterloggedconditions, A. amnicolaisalsoused for UTM (NAD 83) 1 IS 0374057E 3734168N, elev. 68 m,
reclaiming salt-affected wasteland in developing coun- uncommon on roadsides and in annual grassland, 21
tries (Asad 2002, Communications in Soil Science and Apr 2007, Riefner 07-181 (RSA). Orange Co., City of
Plant Analysis 33: 973-989; Menzel and Lieth 2003, in Newport Beach, Upper Newport Bay, general vicinity
Leith and Mochtchenko, eds., Cash Crop Halophytes: ofBayview Wy. and Bayview PL, UTM (NAD 83) IIS
Recent Studies, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dor- 0419132E 3723855N, elev. 7 m, common, growing on
drecht). Saltbushes (Atriplex spp.), both native and edge ofriparian woodland and in coastal sage scrub, 4
exotic species introduced from Australia, South and May2002, Riefner02-88(CDA, RSA); CityofNewport
North America are also utilized in large-scale arid land Beach, E ofNewport Bay, E ofBack Bay Dr. near Big
rehabilitation in the Mediterranean Basin (Le Houerou Canyon Creek, UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0418138E
1992, Agroforestry Systems 18: 107-148). Accordingly, 3721615N, elev. 5 m, common, growing on edge ofsalt
Atriplexseed, includingA. amnicola, is readilyavailable marsh, 4 May 2002, Riefner02-89(CDA, RSA); Cityof
on the worldwide market for use in restoring saline soil Lake Forest, E side of SR-241 ca. 0.5 mi N of Alton
hSaabltiytatCson(dBit&ioTnsW,oraclcdesSseeeddsM2a0y08,20L0i8st, 1<5h4t-tPpla:n/t/swwfwo.r 2P3k0wym.,, UloTcaMlly(NcoAmDmo83n),1gISro0w4i3n6g66w7iEth37A2tr7i9p5l3eNx,seelmeiv-.
b-and-t-world-seeds.com/homepage.htm>). haccata on roadside and edge ofavocado grove, 13 Dec
Significance. First documented report ofA. amnicola 2005, Riefner 05-784 (CDA, RSA); City of Newport
W
for San Diego County, and the first populations Beach, side of MacArthur Blvd. near San Joaquin
MADRONO
308 [Vol. 55
St., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0419715E 3719909N, elev. and Rhus integrifolia, 16 Jan 2006, Riefner 06-1 (RSA,
75 m, locally common, growing with Atriplex semihac- UCR); City ofOceanside, BuenaVista Lagoon, vicinity
catain power line right-of-way and edge ofcoastal sage ofRuedesChateauxatOcean St., UTM (NAD83) 1IS
scrub, 1 Feb 2006, Riefuer 06-30 (CDA, RSA); City of 0466584E 3669564N, elev. 3 m, locally established on
Newport Beach, near Avocado Ave. and San Nicolas sand dune, 15 Oct 2007, Riefner 07-430 (RSA).
Dr., W of MacArthur Blvd., UTM (NAD 83) IIS Previousknowledge. Atriplexglauca (gray saltbush or
0419405E 3719645N, elev. 77 m, locally common, glaucous-leaved saltbush) is native to the Mediterra-
growing with Atriplex semibaceata on roadside and in nean Basin (Tutin et al., eds., 1980, in Flora Europaea,
annual grassland, 19 Mar 2006, RieWfner 06-52 (CDA); Vol. 1, Cambridge UniversityPress,NewYork, NY). It
City of Rancho Santa Margarita, side of SR-241 has not been included in treatments of the Chenopo-
near Los Alisos Blvd., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0441877E diaceae in floras covering North America or other
3724130N, elev. 292 m, uncommon in coastal sage major publications addressing non-native plants estab-
scrub, 20 Jun 2006, Riefner 06-253 (CDA, RSA); City lished in California (Taylor and Wilken 1993 loc. cit.\
of Rancho Santa Margarita, vicinity ofTowne Center Hrusa et al. 2002 loc. cit.\ Welsh 2004 loc. cit.;
Dr. and Alton Pkwy., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0437713E DiTomaso and Healy 2007 loc. cit.; Grewell et al.
3726926N, elev. 291 m, uncommon in coastal sage 2007 loc. cit.). Atriplex glauca, however, is well
scrub and on roadside, 30 Jun 2006, Riefner 06-334 established outside of cultivation in coastal southern
(RSA); City ofSanJuanCapistrano, San JuanCreekat California, but has not been reported previously from
Hwy. 74, UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0441820E 3709001N, western Riverside County or San Diego County
elev. 56 m, locally common on roadsides and sparse (Roberts et al. 2004 loc. cit.; Rebman and Simpson
sage scrub, 22 Jan 2007, Riefner 07-20 (RSA); Ladera 2006loc. cit.). Itwaslikelyfirstintroducedinseedmixes
Ranch/San Juan Capistrano area, Antonio Pkwy. ca. used for erosion control programs (Boyd 1999, Aliso
0.6 mi S ofCovenant Hills Rd., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 18: 93-139; Clarke et al. 2007 loc. cit.).
0442042E 3710740N, elev. 170 m, uncommon, roadside Atriplex glauca seed has been available on the
and non-native grassland, 22 Aug 2007, Riefner 07-370 commercial market in California since at least theearly
(RSA). Riverside Co., City ofCorona, along Magnolia 1990''s, andiswellknownforitshardinessandtolerance
Ave. off-ramp on SW side of 1-15 Freeway, UTM to alkaline and harsh soil conditions (City ofRiverside
(NAD 83) lis 0450110E 3747033N, elev. 216m, Planning Department 1994, Water Efficient Landscap-
uncommon, growing with roadside ruderal plants, 12 ing and Irrigation Ordinance Summary and Design
Dec 2002, Riefner 02-521 (RSA); City of La Sierra, Manual, Riverside, CA; USDA 1995, Commercial
Gramercy PI. nearLa Sierra Ave., UTM (NAD 83) 1IS Suppliers ofTree and Shrub Seed in the United States,
0454476E 3754271N, elev. 227 m, rare, growing with Miscellaneous Report M8-MR 33, Washington, DC; S
Atriplex subereeta on disturbed lot, 30 Dec 2005, & S Seeds 2005, Seed Selection Guide, Carpinteria,
Riefner 05-792 (RSA); City of Corona, vicinity of CA).
Green River Rd. and Palisades Dr., UTM (NAD 83) Significance. First documented reports of A. glauca
lis 0440802E 3749217N, elev. 16m, uncommon in forRiversideand San Diegocounties,andextensionsof
coastal sage scrub, 22 Aug 2006, Riefner06-399 (RSA). range for Los Angeles County outside the Liebre
San Diego Co., City ofLa Jolla, E ofL5 Freeway near Mountains, and for Orange County outside of the
Town Center Dr., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0479754E Santa Ana River watershed (Boyd 1999 loc. cit.;
3638753N, elev. 104 m, uncommon in coastal sage Rebman and Simpson 2006 loc. cit.; Clarke et al. 2007
scruband marginofdirtroad, 17 Aug2003, Riefner03- loc. cit.). This shrub is more common than herbarium
339 (RSA, UCR); City of Carlsbad, Carlsbad Blvd. records indicate, and is spreading rapidly from land-
nearTierra del Oro St., UTM (NAD 83) 1IS 0468532E scaped areas to disturbed urban habitats and native
36663ION, elev. 18 m, locally abundant in coastal bluff plant communities. Much like A. amnicola, A. glauca is
scrub, 6 Dec2003, Riefner03-492 (RSA, UCR); City of a well-known halophyte (Menzel and Lieth 2003 loc.
Carlsbad, vicinity of Encina Power Station, Carlsbad cit.). Additional populations of A. glauca are to be
Blvd., ca. 0.3 mi N ofTierra del Oro St., UTM (NAD expected throughout the South Coast region and in
83) lis 0468471E 3666435N, elev. 13 m, locally many habitats, includingthecoastal strand, salt marsh-
abundant, coastal bluff scrub and coastal strand upland transition zones, dune swales, coastal sage
vegetation, 3 Jul 2005, Riefner 05-544 (CDA, RSA, scrub, non-native grassland, and ruderal or roadside
SD, UCR); City of Carlsbad, Agua Hedionda, inlet habitats.
channel at Carlsbad Blvd., UTM (NAD 83) IIS Based on field observations, A. glauca occupies
0468013E 3667422N, elev. 4 m, locally common on habitats similar to Australian saltbush {Atriplex semi-
road bank and along fisherman trail with Atriplex baceata L.), which is an aggressive invader that
semibaceata, 19 Sep 2005, Rie/ner05-668 (RSA, UCR); displaces native plants and disrupts natural ecosystems
UTM
City of Carlsbad, Carlsbad Blvd. at Shore Dr., (Bossard et al. 2000, Invasive Plants of California's
(NAD 83) lis 0468823E 3665819N, elev. 14 m, Wildlands, UC Press, Berkeley, CA). Atriplexglauca is
uncommon on disturbed lot with Atriplex semibaceata, morerobust and apparentlymorebroadlyadaptedthan
19 Sep 2005, Riefner 05-670 (RSA, UCR); City of A. semibaceata, and is invading undisturbed coastal
Carlsbad, South Carlsbad, Carlsbad Blvd. ca 0.2 mi N sage scrubcommunitieswhere A. semibaceatadoesnot.
of Island Wy. at Ponto Beach, UTM (NAD 83) IIS Owing to its invasiveness, A. glauca should not be
0469682E 3664127N, elev. 9 m, uncommon, disturbed planted outside of managed landscapes or for erosion
roadside and on ocean bluff, 23 Nov 2005, Riefner 05- control projects that are adjacent to native plant
767(CDA, RSA); City ofDel Mar, SWca. 0.2 mi from communities or natural open space areas without ii
intersection of Carmel Valley Rd. and Via Mar Valle careful consideration (University of California Coop-
Rd., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0475686E 3644616N, elev. erative Extension 2000, Estimating the Irrigation Water)
19 m, common, spreading from roadsides to native Needs of Landscape Plantings in California, Depart-
coastal sage scrub vegetation with Encelia californica ment ofWater Resources, Sacramento, CA).
2008] NOTEWORTHY COLLECTIONS 309
—
Atriplex muelleri Benth. (Chenopodiaceae). for rehabilitation of saline soil habitats (Menzel and
Imperial Co., E ofEl Centro, along Ross Rd. near Bass Lieth 2003 loe. eit.; B & T World Seeds 2008 loe. eit.).
C36o2v8e0R1d3.N,,Neloefv.Hwcay.. —8,9UmT,Mco(mNmAoDn83a)lo1nIgS0i6rr3i8g0at0i8oEn forSiNgouriftiheaAuemee.riFciar.stAdtoricpulmeexnsttiepditartae.p.orat1ofmA.talsltisphirtuabt,a
ditch and on roadsides, 9 Oct 2006, Riefuer 06-513 has narrowly elliptic to orbicular leaves and could be
(CANB, CDA, RSA); E of El Centro, Ross Rd. ca. confused with small forms ofA. leutiformis in southern
0.2 mi E of Dogwood St., N of Hwy. 8, UTM (NAD California. Atriplex stipitata, however, is readily sepa-
83) lis 0637549E 362805IN, elev. ca. -9 m, common rated from A. leutiformis by its reniform, cordate
mm mm
on vernal alkaline flats with Suaeda nwquiniL 9 Oct bracteoles, generally 5 long and 10 wide, that
2006, Riefuer 06-515 (CANB, CDA, RSA); E of El are born on a slender stipe in open panicles (Wilson
UTM
Centro, Ross Rd. at Hawkeye Rd. offHwy. Ill, 1984 loe. eit.). Atriplex stipitata is likely more wide-
(NAD 83) lis 0640473E 3628049N, elev. ca. -8 m, spread in urban environments and coastal native plant
common along roadside in ruderal vegetation, 9 Oct communities than our records indicate. It is one of a
2006, Riefuer 06-519 (RSA); near Seeley, along Drew numberofnon-native unidentified Atriplex species now
Rd. at Hwy. 8, UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0622670E widely established in the South Coast region that could
3627210N, elev. ca. —10 m, uncommon, roadside be easily mistaken for A. leutiformis. These undeter-
depression with Malvella leprosa, 9 Oct 2006, Riefuer mined Atriplex species are often vegetatively similar to
06-520 (RSA). A. leutiformis, but differ by the long-stipitate, often
Previous kmmledge. Atriplex muelleri (Mueller's denticulate bracteoles that are cordate, reniform, or
saltbush) is native to Australia (Wilson 1984 he. eit.\ orbicular in shape.
Barker et al., eds., 2005, Census of South Australian Since A. stipitata and several other unidentified taxa
Vascular Plants, 5th ed., J. Adelaide Bot. Gard. may be difficult to identify in the field, seed may be
Supplement I, Botanic Gardens ofAdelaide and State inadvertently collected and included in native seed
Herbarium, Adelaide). It was not included in the mixes applied during native scrub restoration projects,
treatment of Atriplex for California by Taylor and thereby spreading exotics to new sites in southern
Wilken (1993 he. eit.), and Welsh (2004 he. eit.) was California's native plant communities. Accordingly, A.
unable toverify itspresencein North America. Atriplex stipitataisexpectedtooccurelsewhereoncoastalbluffs,
muelleri has recently been reported, however, for scrub, and lagoon habitats in the South Coast region.
Riverside County from specimens collected in 1965 Botanists, restoration ecologists, seed collectors, and
nearBlythe{Rooss.u.; COLO, UC, UCR!)(Hrusaet al. the resource agencies should be vigilant regarding the
2002 he. eit.). The Blythe population has apparently often locally abundant and widespread distribution of
been extirpated (Hrusa et al. 2002 he. eit.). many ofthe non-native Atriplexin southern California.
—
Siguificauce. First documented reports ofA. muelleri Atriplex undulata L. (Chenopodiaceae). San
for Imperial County. Atriplex uiuelleri is a halophyte, Diego Co., City of Del Mar, San Dieguito Wetlands,
and seed is available for purchase on the world market Racetrack View Dr. ca. 0.25 mi W of Racetrack View
for use in restoring degraded saline soil habitats Ct., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 04764484E 3647165N, elev.
(Menzel and Lieth 2003 he. eit.; B & T World Seeds 20 m, locally common on alkaline sandy flats and in
2008 he. eit.). Atriplex muelleri is similar to A. opencoastal sage scrubaroundthelagoon, 1 Mar2003,
semibaecata (Welsh 2004 loe. eit.). Therefore, it may Riefuer03-65 (CDA, RSA); same locality, 19 Apr2003,
be overlooked in the field and could be more Riefuer03-218 (CANB, CDA, RSA); City ofDel Mar,
widespread than our records indicate. Atriplex muelleri San Dieguito Wetlands, San Dieguito Dr. ca. 0.25 mi
is expected to occur elsewhere in disturbed and ruderal from Jimmy Durante Rd., UTM (NAD 83) IIS
habitats, and in low-lying, vernally moist alkaline sites 0475704E 3647724N, elev. 3 m, locally common on
in the California deserts and the inland valleys of the roadside and upland transition zone along salt marsh, 6
South Coast region, especially the saline-alkali vernal Aug 2006, Riefuer 06-367 (CDA, RSA).
plains ofwestern Riverside County. — Previous hiowledge. Atriplex uudulata (wavy-leaved
Atriplex stipitata Benth. (Chenopodiaceae). saltbush) is native to Argentina (Patagonia and Buenos
Los Angeles Co., City of San Pedro, Cabrillo Beach Aires) (Cabrera 1963/1970, Flora de la Provincia de
Park near Salinas de San Pedro, UTN (NAD 83) IIS Buenos Aires, Col. Cient. INTA, Buenos Aires,
0380844E 3730983N, elev. 13 m, local in coastal sage Argentina; Carretero 2001, Multequina 10: 67-74). It
scrub exhibit garden and uncommon on nearby bluff iswidely planted for forage and isadventive in Western
slope, 21 Jan 2006, Riefuer 06-11 (CANB, CDA). Australia (Hussey and Lloyd 2002, Western Weeds,
Previoushiowledge.Atriplexstipitata(malleesaltbush Additions, Deletions and Name Changes, Department
or kidney saltbush) is native to the semi-arid regions of of Conservation and Land Management, Western
Southern Australia (Wilson 1984 he. eit.\ Walsh 1996, Australia; Barrett-Lennard 2003 loe. eit.). In North
Chenopodiaceae, in N.G. Walsh and T.J. Entwistle, America, A. uudulata has not been included in
eds.. FloraofVictoria,Vol. 3, Inkata Press, Melbourne, treatments ofthe Chenopodiaceae in major floras that
Australia; Barker et al. 2005 loe. eit ). It has not been include non-native exotic plants established in Califor-
reported previously for North America (Taylor and nia or in local floras covering the South Coast region
Wilken 1993 loe. eit.; Welsh 2004 loe. eit.). Atriplex (Taylorand Wilken 1993 he. eit.; Roberts 1998 loe. eit.;
stipitata was also not included in recent publications Hrusa et al. 2002 loe. eit.; Roberts et al. 2004 he. eit.;
addressing non-native species established in California Welsh 2004 loe. eit.; Rebman and Simpson 2006 loe.
or in local floras covering the South Coast region eit.; Clarke et al. 2007 loe. eit.; DiTomaso and Healy
(Roberts 1998loe. eit.;Hrusaetal. 2002loe. eit.; Roberts 2003, 2007 loe. eit.; Grewell et al. 2007 he. eit.; Riefner
etal. 2004 he. eit.; Rebman and Simpson 2006 loe. eit.; and Boyd 2007 loe. eit.).
Clarke et al. 2007 loe. eit.; DiTomaso and Healy 2007 Atriplex uudulata, a halophyte, isanother species ofa
he. eit.; Riefner and Boyd 2007 loe. eit.). Atriplex suite ofsaltbushes frequently utilized for rehabilitation
stipitata, a halophyte, is sold on the worldwide market of saltland pasture and harvested for commercial seed
MADRONO
310 [Vol. 55
W
production in Western Australia (Barrett-Lennard Angeles Co., Signal Hill, of405 Fwy., Temple Ave.
2003, loc. cit.\ Menzel and Lieth 2003 loc. cit.\ Tranen at 29th St., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0392713E 3741666N,
Revegetation Systems 2005 loc. cit.). Its seed is also elev. 24 m, rare, in pavement cracks and moist soil in
available on the world market, specified for use in roadside gutter, 23 Nov 2003, Riefner 03-472 (RSA);
rehabilitating saline soils (B & T World Seeds 2008 loc. same locality and date, Riefner 03-474 (RSA); City of
cit.). Atriplex imdulata, much like A. aninicola and A. Pasadena, Arroyo Seco Creek, vicinity of Lower
stipitata, may have been imported for coastal lagoon Arroyo Park, UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0392515E
enhancement projects before the consequences of 3778822N,elev. 119 m, uncommonbutwidelyscattered
introducing exotic species into salt marsh and transi- alongcreek in wet sand and in Salix-Baccharis riparian
tional upland habitats were fully understood (Callaway scrub, 22 Aug 2004, Riefner 04-380 (RSA); City of
and Zedler 2004, Urban Ecosystems 7: 107-124; South El Monte, San Gabriel River at Thienes Ave.,
Rodgers and Montalvo 2004 loc. cit.). UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0405107E 3766943N, elev. 74 m,
Significance. First documented reports ofA. undidata uncommon, wet sand on river bank with Hydrocotyle,
for North America. Its unique wavy-margined leaves Ludwigia, and Scirpus, andondisturbedclaysoilsalong
andsmallbracteolesmakeforeasyidentification.Owing bike trail, 28 Aug 2004, Riefner 04-404 (RSA); near
to its availability on the commercial seed market, and Griffith Park, E bank ofLos Angeles River near River
use in rehabilitating degraded saline lands, it is likely RideStables, ca. 0.5 mi S ofColorado St., UTM (NAD
that A. undidata will continue to be applied in erosion 83) lis 0382604E 377733IN, elev. 120m, widely
control and habitat enhancement projects in southern scattered, moist sandy soil in open riparian scrub, 2
California. Atriplex undidata is expected to occur Oct 2006, Riefner 06-464 (RSA); San Dimas, Pudding-
elsewhere in coastal scrub, salt marsh transition zones, stone Reservoir, Bonelli Region County Park at East
and other lagoon habitats in southern California. Shore Dr., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0426247E 3771609N,
The potential to utilize saline water for irrigation elev. 290 m, uncommon on receding lake shoreline, 3
while incorporating halophytes for developing sustain- Aug 2007, Riefner07-34W1 (RSA); CityofMalibu,UalTonMg
able agricultural production, animal fodder, and Malibu Rd. ca. 0.5 mi ofPacific Coast Hwy.,
rehabilitation ofdegraded lands are promising, attain- (NAD 83) lis 0340836E 3767080N, elev. 10 m, local,
able goals for the Mediterranean Region and subtrop- wet roadside depression, 10 Nov 2007, Riefner 07-498
ical dry regions where freshwater resources are limited (RSA). Orange Co., City of San Clemente, San
and conventional agricultural products are unsuited for Clemente State Beach, SW corner of park at camp-
strongly saline soils (Koyro 2003, in Leith and ground number 156, UTM (NAD 83) US 0444133E
Mochtchenko, eds.. Cash Crop Halophytes: Recent 3696183N, elev. 37 m, uncommon, disturbed ground in
Studies, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht). runofffromcampground showers, 14Oct 2003, Riefner
Atriplex, which is comprised of nearly 150 species 03-457 (RSA); City of Anaheim, Santa Ana River
identified as halophytes, will likely become an impor- bottom, E of 57 Fwy. between Orangewood St. and
tantcomponentofthecropsutilizedduringtheseefforts Chapman Ave., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 04183HE
(Osmond et al. 1980, Physiological Processes in Plant 3739098N, elev. 41 m, locally abundant, disturbed
Ecology: Towards a Synthesis with Atriplex, Springer- wetlands, margin of active channels, and on sandbars
Verlag, BerHn; Asad 2002 loc. cit.- Debez et al. 2003, in in riparian scrub, 8 Aug 2004, Riefner 04-372 (RSA);
Leith and Mochtchenko, eds.. Cash Crop Halophytes: City of Irvine, San Diego Creek at Woodbridge High
Recent Studies, Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dor- School, S of intersection of Barranca Rd. and West
drecht; Menzel and Lieth 2003 loc. cit.). The dilemma Yale Loop Rd., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0425279E
nowpresentedishowtobalancethegrowingdemandto 3727007N, elev. 27 m, common, native plant-dominat-
cultivate non-native crops that provide economically ed wetlands and sandy wash habitats, 27 Aug 2004,
beneficial usesin one regionwhile restrictingimports to Riefner 04-386 (RSA); City ofIrvine, San Diego Creek
minimize the risk of introducing potentially noxious at405 Fwy., UTM (NAD 83) 1IS 0429935E 3724259N,
weedsorinvasivepestsintonativeecosystemselsewhere elev. 50 m, uncommon, sandy wash and sandbars in
(Barney and DiTomaso 2008, Bioscience 58: 64-70). riparianscrub,27Aug2004, Riefner04-391 (RSA);City
Therefore, we should expect to find other non-native ofFountainValley, alongNewlandAve. at EdingerSt.,
Atriplex species established in southern California's UTM (NAD 83) 1IS E 409083E 3732691N, elev. 14 m, ,
alkaline coastal ecosystems. rare, weed in moist soil along sidewalk, 28 Aug 2004,
— Riefner 04-407 (RSA); City of Los Alamitos, Oak ;
CRoalnlceRhgieochASavaernndtuaeE,.AnRCailaerfBenometoran,nti,cJr.C,GaARredse9en1a,7r1c1h.150Ar0srsioeNcfionarettreh,@ cUMioTdmdMmloen(,NScAmhoDoiosl8t,3)devpIircIieSnsis0ti4yo0n0osf1i7nO2bEaakl3l7fS4ite1.l2d4att2uNr,Cfagterlaaelsvis.,na13W4SSmte.,p, ::;
earthlink.net; G. Frederic Hrusa, California Depart- 2004, Riefner04-423(RSA);CityofLosAlamitos, of
ment ofFood and Agriculture, Botany Laboratory and Oak Middle School along San Gabriel River, UTM
Herbarium, Plant Pest Diagnostics Center, 3294 Mead- (NAD 83) lis 0400172E 3741242N, elev. 10 m, rare,
owviewRoad, Sacramento, CA95832-1448; and David bank of drainage ditch with Leptocliloa, 3 Sep 2004,
,
Mallinson and Brendan Lepschi, Australian Na- Riefner 04-424 (RSA); City of Huntington Beach,
|
tsieoanraclh,HGePrbOarBioumx,16C0e0n,trCeanbfoerrrPal,anAtustBriaoldiiav,er2s6i0t1y. Re- GBoonlndeetn WeAsvet.,CollUegTe,Malo(ngNAGoDlde8n3)WesItISSt.0n4ea0r67B5l7uEe ^i
3733198N, elev. 14 m, locally common, moist soil in
roadside gutter, 12 Sep 2004, Riefner 04-426 (RSA);
City ofIrvine, Irvine Valley College, along Jeffrey Rd.
California near Irvine Center Dr., UTM (NAD 83) 1IS 0427758E!,
3726570N, elev. 49 m, uncommon, wet ditch along
(KeEnlne.u-sOi'nBeyrcnoe)racHialnua &(L.)DeGaeWrettn.(sPuobAsCp.EAEA)f.ri—caLnosa pRiaerfknienrg0l4o-t5a5n2d(aRdSjAa)c;entCisttyroawfbSearrnyCflieelmde,nt1e2,Dealcon20g04E,l
,
2008] NOTEWORTHY COLLECTIONS 311
Camino Real ca. 0.15 mi S of intersection with Los in many warm temperate and tropical countries (Holm
Molinos Rd., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0441920E etal. 1977, TheWorld'sWorstWeeds: Distribution and
3699403N, elev. 35m, common, moist soil on irrigated Biology, University Press ofHawaii, Honolulu, HI). It
slope with ornamental shrubs, 20 Sep 2005, Riefner05- grows in disturbed areas and lawns throughout the
671 (RSA); City ofYorba Linda, near Horseshoe Bend California Floristic Province and most of the contigu-
along the Santa Ana River, UTM (NAD 83) IIS ous United States (Smith 1993, in Hickman, ed.. The
0431309E 3749053N, elev. 102 m, widespread but Jepson Manual: HigherPlantsofCalifornia, University
uncommon, banks ofurban runoffditch and wet sand of California Press, Berkeley, CA; Hilu 2003 loc. cit.).
along active channel of Santa Ana River, 5 Oct 2005, Eleusinecoracana subsp. africana (African fingermillet,
Riefner 05-718 (RSA); City ofIrvine, San Diego Creek wild finger millet), an annual, is native to East Africa,
between Alton Pwky. and 405 Fwy., UTM (NAD 83) but is also known from India where it was likely
lis 0429336E 3724184N, elev. 51 m, uncommon and introduced with imported seeds ofthe cultivated finger
scattered on moist sandy banks and wet sand along millet {E. coracana [L.] Gaertn. subsp. coracana). In the
creek channel, 8 Oct 2006, Riefner 06-474 (RSA); City Western Hemisphere, E. coracana subsp. africana has
ofLos Alamitos, Arroyo Park, Heather St. at Lamson been accidentally introduced to Coahuila {Columbus
Ave., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0402697E 3738566N, elev. 2842\ RSA) and Sonora {Columbus 2721, 3627; RSA),
10 m, common and widespread, wet ditches and moist Mexico, andtoCalhounCounty, SouthCarolina,inthe
depressions in turf grass, 17 Oct 2005, Riefner 05-724 eastern United States (Neves et al. 2005, Molecular
(RSA); City of Huntington Beach, along Slater Ave. Phylogenetics and Evol. 35: 395-419).
near Goldenwest St., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0406860E Eleusine coracana subsp. africana is also weedy in its
3730121N, elev. 11 m, uncommon, moist soil in native East Africa, where it frequently occupies
Eucalyptus woodland and edge of drainage ditch, 4 disturbed ground of roadsides, villages, and cultivated
Oct 2006, Riefner 06-477 (RSA); City ofIrvine, Shady lands (Phillips 1972 loc. cit.; Van Wyk and Van
Canyon Rd. at Quail Hill, UTM (NAD 83) IIS Oudtshoorn 1999, GuidetoGrassesofSouthernAfrica,
0427699E 3724253N, locallycommon in drainage ditch BrizaPublications,Arcadia, SouthAfrica). Itisthought
and irrigated landscapes, elev. 35 m, 15 Nov 2006, to be the wild progenitor ofthe cultivated E. coracana
Riefner 06-677 (RSA). Riverside Co., near Jurupa, subsp. coracana (finger millet or ragi) that was
UTM
intersection of Hellman Ave. at Pine Ave., IIS domesticated in East Africa over 5,000 yr ago and is
0443544E 3757824N (NAD 83), elev. 195 m, locally now grown as a cereal crop in many parts of Africa,
abundant in roadside drainage ditch, 20 Dec 2003, Asia, the Arabian Peninsula, China, India, and
Riefner03-548(RSA); CityofNorco, Sixth St. at Sierra elsewhere (PhiUips 1972 loc. cit.; De Wet et al. 1984,
Ave., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0448759E 3755512N, elev. Am. J. Botany 71: 550-557; Brisht and Mukai 2002,
200 m, locally abundant, weed in moist clay soil along Plant Syst. Evol. 233: 243-258; Hilu 2003 loc. cit.;
urban equestrian trial, 30 Jul 2004, Riefner 04-282 Neves et al. 2005 loc. cit.). In North America, E.
(RSA). San Bernardino Co., City of Fontana, Merrill coracana subsp. coracana is often cultivated at agricul-
St. at Olive St., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0459593E turalexperimentstationsandoccasionallyescapes(Hilu
3772444N, elev. 381 m, uncommon in drainage ditch 2003 loc. cit.). In the United States, it has been
with Cyperus in vacant dirt lot, 5 Oct 2005, Riefner05- successfully grown as far north as Davis, California,
721 (RSA). San Diego Co., City of Carlsbad, near but with difficulty owing to problems of photoperiod
UTM
LagunaRivieraCityPark, Kelly Dr. atPark Dr., sensitivity (National Research Council 1996, Lost
(NAD 83) lis 0471025E 3667607N, elev. ca. 13m, Crops ofAfrica, Vol. I, Grains, Board on Science and
uncommon, drainage ditch and open riparian scrub, 14 Technology for International Development, National
Oct2006, Riefner06-542(RSA); CityofSan Diego, San AcademyPress,Washington, DC). Smith(1993 loc. cit.)
Diego River Trail, Robb Field at San Diego River, and Hilu (2003 loc. cit.), however, did not provide
UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0477053E 3624151N, elev. 3 m, specific locaHties for adventive populations.
locally abundant in moist sandy soil, 13 Sep 2007, In general, there has been little disagreement regard-
Riefner 07-385 (RSA). Ventura Co., City of Santa ing the taxonomy of most Eleusine species and
Paula, near intersection of Hallock Dr. and Lemon- distinctive morphological features easily distinguish
wood Dr., UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0312334E 3803599N, most taxa. However, the taxonomic status of E.
elev. 85 m, rare, growingwith Cyperus, Leptochloa, and coracana s.str., E. africana Kenn.-O'Byrne s.str., and
Baccharis in urban runoffditch draining into the Santa E. indica has often been disputed (Phillips 1972 loc. cit.;
Clara River wash, 27 Jun 2004, Riefner 04-215 (RSA); Neves et al. 2005 loc. cit.). Eleusine coracana subsp.
same location, 24 Sep 2004, Riefner04-439 (RSA);WCity coracana, a robust annual, is readily distinguished from
ofFillmore, Santa Clara Riverbottom, ca. 0.5 mi of othertaxainthegenusbyitslarge, almostgloboseseeds
SR-123, UTM (NAD 83) IIS 0323579E 3807088N, anduprighthabit,whichexplainsthepreferenceofsome
elev. 133 m, scattered in wet sand along low-flow river authorstotreatitasadistinctspecies(Hilu2003loc. cit.
channel, 5 Jul 2007, Riefner 07-295 (RSA). Neveset al. 2005 loc. cit.). However, the largegrain size
Previous knowledge. Eleusine species are predomi- and upright habit are likely the result of agricultural
nately African, but E. coracana (L.) Gaertn. subsp. selection producedduringdomestication. Thefewgenes
africana (Kenn.-O'Byme) Hilu & De Wet and E. indica that control these agriculturally desirable traits and the
(L.) Gaertn. are widely distributed weeds that are easily remaining genome are indistinguishable from its wild
misidentified (Phillips 1972, Kew Bull. 27: 251-270; progenitor and genetically similar E. coracana subsp.
Hilu 2003, in Flora of North America Editorial africana (Neves et al. 2005 loc. cit.; Dida et al. 2006,
Committee, eds.. Flora of North America, Vol. 25, Genetic Diversity in Finger Millet [E. coracana] and
Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Poaceae, Part Related Wild Species, poster presented at the Plant &
2, Oxford University Press, New York, NY). Eleusine Animal Genomes XIV Conference, January 14-18,
indica (goosegrass or wiregrass) is a highly successful 2006, Town & Country Convention Center, San Diego,
cosmopolitan annual that is often a troublesome weed CA). Therefore, therank ofsubspeciesmoreadequately
MADRONO
312 [Vol. 55
reflectstheancestralrelationshipandgeneticsimilarities riparian habitats and is dispersing rapidly via the
ofthe E. coracana taxa (Hilu and De Wet 1976, Econ. numerous urbanized drainage systems located at the
Bot. 30: 199-208; Neves et al. 2005 he. cit.). wildland-urban interface (WUI) in coastal southern
Morphologically, E. coracana subsp. africana is most California. New water sources generated by over
similar to E. indica and the two have often been irrigation of lawns and landscaping, discharge of
confused, making clear-cut identifications problematic municipal water treatment plant effluent into natural
(Phillips 1972 loc. cit.\ Brisht and Mukai 2002 loc. cit.- drainages, increaseddry-season stream flowsassociated
Neves et al. 2005 loc. cit.). However, ongoing taxo- with decreased precipitation infiltration and increased
nomic study and recent molecular analysis have hard-surface runofffollowing storm events, and chang-
provided important insights regarding the separation es in historic hydrologic regimes have facilitated the
of the two taxa. The grains of Eleusine species are establishment of exotic plants and have significantly
ornamented and have a unique surface pattern and modified WUI riparian and wetland communities
shape that are useful for identifying and separating E. in coastal southern California (Burkhart 2006, Fre-
coracana subsp. africana from E. indica; i.e., oblong montia 34: 14-19; White and Greer 2006, Landscape
seeds with the grain surface shallowly ridged and and Urban Planning 74: 125-138; Riefner and Boyd
uniformly granular in E. coracana subsp. africana and 2007 loc. cit.).
elliptic to ovoid seeds with the grain surface obliquely Historically, summer drought and the seasonal
striate in E. indica (Phillips 1972 he. cit.; Hilu 2003 he. nature of stream course flows in the South Coast
cit.). Ehusine coracana subsp. africana is also a region have acted as a barrier to colonization by many
considerably more robust plant and has lower glumes moisture-dependent exotic plants in theWUI (Brigham
that are 2- or 3-veined, whereas E. indica is much more 2007, in Knapp, ed.. Flora and Ecology of the Santa
slenderand has lowerglumes that are 1-veined (Phillips Monica Mountains, Southern California Botanists
1972 he. cit.; Hilu 2003 he. cit.). Dida et al. (2006 he. SpecialPublicationNo. 4, Fullerton,CA). Accordingly,
cit.), however, note that the length ofthe upper glume increasedmoistureavailability in an otherwisesummer-
and broader leafwidth of E. coracana subsp. africana dry Mediterranean climate has thereby promoted the
are also reliable morphological characters that can be establishmentand spread ofE. coracanasubsp. africana
used to separate it from E. indica. In addition to and several other warm-season moisture-dependant
morphological distinctions, molecular analysis has exotic grasses in southern California, including Dinebra
established that E. indica, a diploid, is genetically retro/lexa (Vahl.) Panz var. retroflexa, Elvliarta ereeta
isolatedfromthetetraploid E. coracanasubsp. africana, Lam., Paniewn eoloratimi L., and Setaria adhaerans
andattemptstoproduceartificial hybridsbetweenthem (Forssk.) Chiov. (Riefner et al. Madroiio 50: 312-313;
have resulted in sterile plants (Chennaveeraiah and Clarke et al. 2007 he. cit.; Riefner and Boyd 2007 he.
Hiremath 1974, Euphytica 23: 489-495; Hiremath and cit.). Although E. coracana subsp. afriecma is relatively
Salimath 1992, Theor. Appl. Genet. 84: 747-754). widespread and can often be locally abundant, these
Accordingly, molecular analysis has discounted hybrid- new records suggest that detailed taxonomic and
ization as an explanation for the difficulties in floristic studies are needed to identify and thoroughly
separating the two taxa (Neves et al. 2005 he. cit.). document the establishment and dispersal of exotic
Significance. First records of E. coracana subsp. plants in southern California (Riefner and Boyd 2007
africana reported for California. Eleusine coracana he. cit.). Additional occurrences ofE. coracana subsp.
subsp. africana has not been included in recent africana should be sought in urban settings and native
treatments of the Poaceae dealing with exotic plants plantcommunitiesassociated withsummer-wethabitats
creocveenrtilnygOesrtaanbglei,shLedosiAnngCealleisf,orRniivaersoirde,inSalnocaDliefglooroars othfeseadngdeyosftpreeraemnnbieanlchweest,lainndsopaetnthreipWarUiIantshcrrouub,ghaonudt
Ventura counties (Smith 1993 loc. cit.; Roberts 1998, A southern and central California.
Checklist of the Vascular Plants of Orange County,
—
California, 2nd ed., P.M. Roberts Publications, En- Richard E. Riefner, Jr., Research Associate,
cinitas, CA; Hrusaetal. 2002, Madrofio46: 61-98; Hilu Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, 1500 N. College
2003 loc. cit.; Roberts et al. 2004, The Vascular Plants Avenue, Claremont, CA 91711. rriefner(a^earthlink.net;
eodfWCheesctkelrisnt,RiFv.erMs.idReobCeorutnstyP,ubClailciaftoironnisa,:SAannLAuninsotRaety,- JR.aTnrcahvoisSaCnotlaumAbnuas,BoCtlanaircemGoanrtdeGnr,adu15a0t0eNUn.ivCeorlslietgy,e
CA; Rebman and Simpson 2006, Checklist of the Avenue, Claremont, CA 91711; and Steve Boyd,
Vascular Plants of San Diego County, 4th ed., San Herbarium, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, 1500
Diego Natural History Museum, San Diego, CA; N. College Avenue, Claremont, CA 91711.
Clarke et al. 2007, Flora of the Santa Ana River and
Environs, Heyday Books, Berkeley, CA; DiTomaso
and Healy 2007, Weeds of California and Other
Western States, U.C. Agriculture and Natural Resourc- California
es Publication 3488, Oakland, CA; Riefner and Boyd
2007, J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 1: 709-730). Senecio linearieolius a. Richard var. linearieo-
In southern California, E. coracana subsp. africana is Lius (ASTERACEAE).—Orange Co., City of Irvine,
most common in disturbed, moist-soil urban habitats, University of California campus, just north of Bonita
including irrigated residential and commercial orna- Canyon Dr. (i.e., directly west of T-intersection of
mental landscapes, nuisance runoffand sedimentdebris Shady Canyon Cr. and Bonita Canyon Dr. [=Culver
flows in street gutters, in culvert outflow basins and Dr.]), low-lying seasonal wetland along a mapped
drainage ditches, along roadsides and sidewalks, and in intermittent ''blueline" stream, USGS Tustin topo-
m
turf grass. However, unlike E. indica, which is largely graphic map, ca. 33°38'N, 117°49'W, ca. 70 elev.;
m
restricted to urban environments, E. coracana subsp. abundantina soHtarypatchabout 5-10 across: Scott
africana has become established in native wetland and D. White 6783, 26 Jun 1998 (BRIT, RSA, UCR). At
L
2008] NOTEWORTHY COLLECTIONS 313
least four other collections from the same or nearly the ranges from "sea level to alpine altitudes." The variety,
same location: Scott D. White 9613, 1 Jul 2003 (RSA); S. linearifolius var. linearifolius is widespread through-
R. Nolls.ft, 20 Aug 2003 (UCR); Mark A. Elvin 301 out much of the species' range. Its common name is
24Aug2003 (UCR, CAS [not yetaccessioned]); R. Noll "groundsel fireweed."
s.n., 15 Sep 2003 (RSA, UCR). Senecio linearifolius var. linearifolius is a shrub, ca.
Orange Co., City of Laguna Niguel, roadside and 0.6-1.8 m tall, with linear to oblanceolate leaves. There
steep slope along Pacific Island Drive, USGS Dana are about 10-50 heads in compact corymbose arrays.
Point topographic map. Township 8S, Range 8W, The involucres are about 3 mm wide. The ray corollas
Section 9; ca. 33"29.8'N, 117^43.3'W, ca. 60-120 m are about 2-3 mm long; the ray and disc flowers are
elev. Locally common in roadside seeps, both sides of yellow. The young stems are weakly woody, straight,
the road. Scott D. White and Michael Honer 10401, 17 wand-like, and vertical. It spreads laterally as older
May2004(RSA) and ScottD. White 10606, 1July2004 stems lay onto the ground and sprout new vertical
(CDA, RSA, UCR). shoots. The lateral stems may grow to at least 2-3 cm
San Diego Co., ChulaVista, canyoneast ofHighway diam., and may not be evident beneath the foliage and
805 on East H Street, between Terra Nova Rd. and closely spaced erect stems or if buried by sediments.
Rancho del Rey Parkway; ca. 32°39'39"N, 117°2'13"W; Superficially, S. linearifolius var. linearifolius may
riparian, rocky, sandy loam soil, with Baccharis resemble the native Euthamia occidentalis. Photographs
salicifolia, Salixlasiolepis, S. gooddingiiand scrub, with ofpressed specimens in Thompson (2004, op cit.) may
Artemisia californica, Encelia ccdifornica; Brant Prim- be useful for identification.
rose31, 16 Oct 2002 (BRIT, SD). Same location. Brant Significance. First records for North America.
Primrose32, 15 Jan 2003 (SD) and Jon P. Rehman and Similarplantswere seen by Fred Roberts (pers. comm.)
Brant Primrose 8298, 20 Jan 2003 (SD, UMO). in 1985 along Oso Creek in San Juan Capistrano, near
San Diego Co., Mission Valley, ca. 32'48'21"N, the Laguna Niguel site (above), but were never
117''6'2"W; near sea level; riparian drainage, with Scdix identified. This observation suggests that Senecio
laseolepis, S. goodingii, Baccharis salicifolia, B. saro- linearifolius var. linearifolius may have been established
throides, Lonicerasubspicata, Quercusagrifolia, Populus in that areawithout beingdocumentedfornearly20 yr.
fPrheomeonntiixi,canFaoreinenisciusl;umBravniitlgParrei.mrPoiseeri3s3,ec1h2ioiAduesg, 2a0n0d4 Twahteerre RailsvoerisinanSaunnvDoiuecghoerCeodunretpyor(tM.froDmodtehreo,Swpeeerts-.
(SD). comm.). In southern California, S. linearifolius var.
Identifying these specimens was a years-long inter- linearifolius grows in wetland margins at roadsides,
national project. Duplicates of the first California seeps, alkalineflats, and streamchannels. Itsaffinityfor
wfssoeparnestcditecmotoeneTnfrhsimedioen(nadWtthoiirottenhe.eBy6aBr7awk8rel3kreleyaenyandtedBiwPdRrfiInomoTrrto(NsrFoeeorcrto3tg1hn,WioAzarmebteohrtvi,hece)Tame.wxaeaHnrsede) cdrioasuntlguderbbieendcAosuimsteetsr,ianlmvieaassii(cvTehhtaohbimrtopaustgsoh,noauontpdciciitsts.m)ownistduaegngeeelsestvoautthtiahotenrainlt
suggested that they may represent an undescribed California in riparian or seasonal wetlands, as Arundo
taxon, though he evidently had no opportunity to donax and Tamarix ramosissima have. Its occur-
compare them with Senecios ofother continents before rence in mesic Australian forests and woodlands
tb2lha0eeb0ce4olmmeadiGtneug"r5yi"i.alll.NsPeearrsniedomnrameossoe(imanlbeesdeo.gs"apnoeAfcwfitomBererRknIsBToa)nr(kaalbceodoyve'messp)caridrmpeetaadityohntbhoieenf (dZaienTsadhtlouamrnnbpodesrdt(ohTnuwhpaoorlmpdap.ncsdiot.In)tsitoieapmslprclieiitane.)dsyTctohhaeiassttCaanliltaitfccueoornruatnllriidaazleaodlcCscaouilnriirfneoNvnracnedeiwesa
specimens with Australian material at MO and probably escaped from local cultivation. Senecio
iicdonercnrlteuicsftiioenddettienhremmtihneaatsiFoSln.o,rlaibnueotafriiftNoloiciriastm.heThAtamoteorwilaactsae tfShoeerneffciurilsolt cAlieunssestaerrdiafH2ola2iuOsacntids20gT0ra7os)wmnaanndaisaseae(nddaiosvreansvagamaielrnadbtelanel.cboiymn,mamiasliitneolradanecdr-
treatment. Instead, the Editorial Committee added S. from a French dealer (b-and-t-world-seeds.com, site
2li0n0e6a,rifvoolli.us20aspap.n5o4t4e-5in70t,heFlionrtarodoufctNioornth(T.AmBearrikclae,y laocccaelslsyedin2s1pecOicatlty20n0u7r)s.eriItesporrobtarbaldyedisambeoinngg ggarrodwenn
OsxafmoerddeUtneirvm.inaPtreisosn). sLoeornoyafGterro.ssTh(eRrSeA)armeadseevetrhael hobWbeyisatrse.grateful forTed Barkley's interest and efforts
vvaarr.ietdieasngaorfensS.is,linaenariefonldiausngeirnceldudniangrro5*w.-elnindeeamriifcoliousf wasistohcitahtiess polfanBtR.ITM,anCyANtBh,ankCsASt,o CcuDrAat,orRs,SAs,taUffMaOn,d
basaltic soils on Mt. Dangar in New South Wales (I. and UCR, including Randy Bayer, Steve Boyd, Judy
Thompson 2004, Muelleria 20:67-110). The determina- Gibson, Leroy Gross, Fred Hrusa, Robin Kennedy,
tion of S. linearifolius var. linearifolius was made by Guy Nesom, Jon Rebman, Andy Sanders, Debra
Randy Bayer at CANB (Canberra, Australia) in May Trock, and Leszek Vincent for their efforts in
2006 from Rehmcm and Primrose 8298 (above, anno- identifying and piecing together the identifications,
tated specimen at UMO). history, and whereabouts ofthe specimens cited here.
Previous knowledge. Senecio linearifolius is native to —
southeasternmainland AustraliaandTasmania "within Scott D. White, Scott White Biological Consult-
a few hundred km of coastlines in medium to high ing, 201 N. First Ave., No. 201, Upland, CA 91786.
rainfall areas ofwoodlands and forests" (Thompson op [email protected]; and Brant Primrose,
cit.). Thompson noted further that "it can be a Jones and Stokes, 9775 Businesspark Ave., San Diego,
dominant component of understory vegetation espe- CA.92131 [email protected]_2000@
ciallyondisturbed sites such asroad verges" and that it yahoo.com.