Notes On Distribution And Taxonomy Of Five Poorly Known Species Of Pinnotherid Crabs From The Eastern Pacific (Crustacea : Brachyura : Pinnotheridae)

10 Pages·1998·3.1 MB·English

by  E Campos

PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
111(2):372-381. 1998.
Notes on distribution and taxonomy offive poorly known species of
pinnotherid crabs from the eastern Pacific
(Crustacea: Brachyura: Pinnotheridae)
Ernesto Campos, VictoriaDiaz, andJ. A. Gamboa-Contreras
(EC)FacultaddeCiencias,UniversidadAutonomadeBajaCalifornia,ApartadoPostal2300,
Ensenada, B.C.,22800Mexico; (VD)CentrodeInvestigacionCientfficaydeEducacionSuperior
deEnsenada,A.P. 2732,Ensenada,B.C.,22800Mexico; (JAGC)UniversidadAutonoma
Metropolitana-Iztapalapa,DepartamentodeHidrobiologia,Michoacan &Purisimas/n,Delegacion
Iztapalapa09340,Mexico,D.F.
—
Abstract. The Pinnotherid crabs Glassella costaricana (Wicksten, 1982)
[fromCostaRica],Pinnixa richardsoni(Glassell, 1936) [fromPanama] andP.
scamitMartin & Zmarzly, 1994 [fromCalifornia, U.S.A.] arereportedforthe
firsttimefromtheMexicanPacific.TheywerecollectedatAcapulco,Guerrero,
JuchitandeZaragoza, Oaxaca, andTodos SantosBay, BajaCalifornia,respec-
tively. The southerndistribution ofP. barnhartiRathbun, 1918 is foundtobe
restrictedtoPuntaBandaestuary,Todos SantosBay, BajaCalifornia,Mexico.
A second male ofPinnaxodes gigas Green, 1992, is reported from the upper
GulfofCalifornia; its range is extendedfromEstero Tastiota, SonoratoBajo
Macho, northeastConsagRock. Basedonthenewmaterialtaxonomicremarks
on the species are provided.
Thedistributionoffivepoorlyknownspe- geles, California (formerly Allan Hancock
cies of symbiotic crabs of the family Pin- Foundation, University of Southern Califor-
notheridae is updatedbasedonnew material nia, Los Angeles, California) (LACM); Co-
collectedonthewestcoastofMexico. Glas- lecciondeEquinodermos(CE)andColeccion
sella costaricana (Wicksten 1982), Pinnixa de Macroinvertebrados Bentonicos (EMU),
richardsoniGlassell 1936,andPinnixascam- Instituto de Ciencias del Mary Limnologia,
itMartin & Zmarzly, 1994, arerecordedfor UniversidadNacionalAutonomadeMexico.
the first time in Mexican waters. The new The new material is deposited in the Colec-
records extend the distribution of those re- cion de Invertebrados, Facultadde Ciencias,
portedbyZmarzly(1992),Martin&Zmarzly Universidad Autonoma de Baja California
(1994) and Hendrickx (1995). The southern (UABC). Abbreviations used are: Gulf of
distribution ofPinnixa barnhartiis foundto California (GC); Baja California (BC); Baja
be restricted to Punta Banda estuary, Todos California Sur (BCS); Sonora (SON); walk-
Santos Bay, Baja California, and the distri- ing legs (WL); thirdmaxilliped (MXP3).
butionofPinnaxodesgigasisextendedfrom
Tastiotaestuary, Sonora,toBajoMacho,NE SystematicAccount
ofConsag Rock, in the upper GulfofCali-
Glassella costaricana (Wicksten, 1982)
bfoarsneida.oFnortheeancehwspmeactieersi,altaaxroenpormoivcidreedm.arks Fig. 1A
Thenewmaterialhasbeencomparedwith Pinnixa costaricana Wicksten, 1982:579-
specimensdepositedintheNationalMuseum 582, figs. 1, 2A-D; Hendrickx, 1995:
of Natural Flistory, Smithsonian Institution, 148.
Washington, D.C. (USNM); Natural History Glassella costaricana: Campos & Wick-
Museum of Los Angeles County, Los An- sten, 1997:69-73, figs. 1, 2A-D.
VOLUME 111,NUMBER2
Fig. 1. Thirdmaxilliped.A,PinnixascamitMartin&Zmarzly, 1994;B,PinnixabarnhartiRathbun, 1918;
C,ScleroplaxgranulataRathbun, 1893;D,AlarconiaseaholmiGlassell,1936:E,Holothuriophilussp.(A,from
Martin&Zmarzly 1994;D,fromGlassell 1936).Nottoscale.
PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
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Previous distribution. Playa de Coco, ciesshareasuborbicularcarapace,aMXP3
Guanacaste province, Costa Rica (about with a spoon-shaped dactylus proximally
10°5'N,85°45'W);lowintertidalzone,sand inserted on the spatulate propodus, and a
and rocks (type localit—y). narrow and triangularabdomen (Figs. 2A-
Material examined. 1 female holotype F; 3A, C, E). However, morphological dif-
(LACM 2252-17); 1 female, Manzanillo ferences between the former two species
Beach,Acapulco,Guerrero,Mexico,4Aug and O. transversus do exist, including
1988 (UABC—). Hostunknown. shapeofthefront, meriofWL, andtelson.
Remarks. The singular shape ofMXP3 Pinnaxodes gigas and P. floridensis have
allows separation of G. costaricana from the front entire (Fig. 2A, C), meri ofWL
American species with aPinnixa-ftke mor- distally swollen (Fig. 3B,D)andtelsonba-
phology. These species have a wider than sally expanded (Fig. 3A, C). Opisthopus
long carapace, firm or hard, and the third transversus, incontrast,hasthefrontemar-
pair of walking legs are the longest. The ginated (Fig. 2A), meri of WL uniformly
MXP3 in Glassella costaricana has a pyr- wide (Fig. 3F), and telson not basally ex-
iformischium-merus. Moreover,thepalpof panded (Fig. 3E).
this appendagehas acarpus largerthanthe Regarding the taxonomic status of the
conical propodus and a small, digitiform monotypic genus Opisthopus Rathbun,
dactylus inserted subdistally on the inner 1893, Rathbun (1918) noted that perhaps
face of the propodus (Fig. 1A). Pinnixa this genus should be united with Pinnaxo-
spp., Scleroplax granulata Rathbun, 1893 des Heller, 1865. The shared features here
and Alarconia seaholmi Glassell, 1938, in recorded among O. transversus, P. gigas
contrast, have a subtrapezoidal or subrec- andP.floridensis, seemtosupportthisuni-
tangular ischium-merus (in the latter spe- fication. However, we prefer to maintain
cies these articles are well-separated). Fur- Opisthopus separated fromPinnaxodesun-
thermore,thepalphasacarpusshorterthan til an ongoing systematic revision of the
the spatulated propodus and, a large and pinnotheird crabs symbiotic with sea cu-
spatulate dactylus inserted on the proximal cumbers is completedby the seniorauthor.
ventral margin of the propodus (Fig. 1B- Hopkins& Scatland(1964)reportedthat
D). O. transversus develops a bright-red mot-
tling on the carapace when harboredinthe
Pinnaxodesgigas Green, 1992 cloaca of holothurids. This is due to the
Figs. 2A-B, 3A-B crab eating mud rich in carotenoids from
Pinnaxodes gigas Green, 1992:775-779, thecloacaofitshost.Wells&Wells(1961)
and Green (1992) reported the same red
figs. 1, 2A-B, 3A-F; Hendrickx, 1995: spots on P. floridensis and P. gigas. The
141 (listed). — drymalerecordedhere,featuresred-orange
Previous distribution. Morro Colorado spots on the carapace as well. Thehypoth-
(Tastiotaestuary), SON—, Mexico. esis is thatP. gigas is a symbiont ofholo-
Material examined. 1 male, Bajo Ma- thurids, capable ofleaving its host tempo-
cho, northeastofConsag Rock, upperGulf rarilyperhapsinsearchofasolitaryfemale
ofCalifornia, Mexico, May 1995 (UABC); harboredin the cloacaofanotherhost.
shrimp trawl—.
Remarks. Green(1992)pointedoutthat Pinnixa barnhartiRathbun, 1918
fPl.orgiidgeanssisreWseelmlbsle&s tWheellAst,la1n9t6ic1.spMeaclieess Po.f Fig. IB
these species arealsomorphologicallysim- PinnixabarnhartiRathbun, 1918: 130, 144,
ilartomalesofthePacificspeciesOpistho- 149, 150.pi. 32,fig. 1; Schmitt,McCain,
pus transversusRathbun, 1918. These spe- & Davidson, 1973:103; Garth & Abbott,
Fig.2. PinnaxodesgigasGreen, 1992:A,carapace;B,thirdmaxilliped.P.floridensisWells&Wells, 1961:
C,carapace;D,thirdmaxilliped.OpisthopustransversusRathbun, 1893;E,caparace;F,thirdmaxilliped.Scale
(mm),A = 3.4:B = 0.87;C = 1.45;D = 0.4;E= 1.27,F=0.36.
PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
Fig. 3. Pinnaxodesgigas Green, 1992: A, abdomen; B, walking legs 2-4. P.floridensisWells & Wells,
1961:C,abdomen;D,walkinglegs2-4. OpisthopustransversusRathbun, 1893:E,abdomen;F,walkinglegs
2-4.Scale(mm),A = 1.46;B =2.17;C = 1.18;D = 1.52;E=0.73;F= 1.27.
VOLUME 111.NUMBER2 377
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1980:614; Ricketts, Calvin & Hedgpeth, Previous distribution. Balboa, Canal
1985:338; Bonfil, Carvacho & Campos, Zone, Panama (type l—ocality).
1992:47-48; Zmarzly, 1992:679-682, Materialexamined. 4males,2females,
figs. 2, 3; Hendrickx, 199—5:141 (listed). LagunaSuperior, inletfrontto SantaMaria
Previous distribution. From Puget Xadani, Juchitan de Zaragoza, Oaxaca, 17
Sound,Washington,U.S.A.,toPuntaBanda Nov 1994; m—udbottom, 1.6 m.
estuary, Todos Santos Bay, Ensenada, BC, Remarks. The morphology of our
Mexico; Ixtapa Island, Zihuatanejo, Guer- specimensagreeswiththeoriginaldescrip-
rero, Mexico (Zmarzly—1992). tionofP. richardsoniprovidedbyGlassell
Material examined. 2 females, Punta (1936). Henotedthatthemaleinthisspe-
dBaa,ndBaC,esMteuxariyc,o,To2d4osJuSnan1t9o3s5,BaLy,AECnMsen3a5-- Wciiecskshtaesn'tshe(a1b9d82o)misntaaltesmoemnittetsha3t-a5bfduosmeid-.
i1n8f9e-s1t;in1gmtahleeh,olsoatmheurliodcaCliatuyd,i2n4aFaerben1i9c9o5l;a nal somites 1-3 arefusedinthis speciesis
(StRiemmpasrokns,.—185C7a)s,oU(A1B96C5.) reportedPinnixa irniccohrarredcst.onAicicsovredriyngcltooseGllyasaslelliled(t1o93P6.),vaPl.-
barnharti to Ixtapa island, Zihuatanejo, erii Rathbun, 1931. This is widely sup-
Guerrero, Mexico in Paraholothuria riojai portedbythevery similarshapeofMXP3
Caso, 1964.Oneofus(EC)studiedthecrab andabdomeninthesespecies(Fig.4A-D).
specimen on which Caso based her report WickstenpointedoutthatP. valeriicanbe
(CEuncat),anditactuallyisaspeciesofthe separatedfromP. richardsonibythepres-
genus Holothuriophilus Nauck, 1880. Man- enceofsixfreeabdominalsomitesandtel-
ning (1993) discussed the taxonomy ofthis son in the former. One of us (EC) exam-
genus. Typical members of the Pinnixa- ined two male specimens of P. valerii
complexdifferfromHolothuriophilusbythe (UABC) and although a demarcation line
enlargement of the third pair of walking isfaintlyindicated,somites3-5areclearly
legs. InP. barnharti, that leg is not notori- fused and the arthrodial membrane is ab-
ouslyenlarged.Pinnixabarnhartiandmem- sent (Fig. 4D). Michel Hendrickx, on our
bers ofthe genus Holothuriophilus share a request,examinedthemalespecimenofP.
carapace broader anteriorly, chelipeds large valerii(EMU646)fromElVerde,Sinaloa,
androbust,andwalkinglegsshortandwide.
They differ in their MXP3 morphology. In Mexico on which Wicksten (1982) based
P. barnharti the exopod has an external her report. Hendrickx observed that Pin-
lobe, and the endopod has a carpus shorter nixa richardsoni also has a demarcation
than the spatulated propodus (Fig. IB). In line among the fused abdominal somites
Holothuriophilustheexopodlacksanexter- 3-5 (Fig. 4B). However, morphological
nallobe,andtheendopodhasacarpuslarger differencesbetweenthese speciesdoexist,
than the conicalpropodus (Fig. IE). including shape androbustnessofWLand
The southern distribution ofP. barnharti shapeofsixthabdominalsomite.Wicksten
Rathbun, 1918 is found to be restricted to (1982), who studied the holotype of both
PuntaBandaestuary,TodosSantosBay,BC, species, pointed out that the legs ofP. ri-
Mexico. This crab seems to occur only in chardsoni are stouterthan those ofP. val-
the cloacaofthe holothurid Caudina areni- erii. She noted that the formerspecieshas
cola (Stimpson). the merus of WL3 1.9 times as long as
Pinnixa richardsoniGlassell, 1936 wide; in P. valerii it is 2.7 times as long
Fig. 4A-B aswide.Regardingthesixthabdominalso-
Pinnixa richardsoni Glassell, 1936:301- mite, P. richardsoni has the distal margin
302, pi. 21, fig. 3; Wicksten, 1982:356- concave;inP. valeriiitisstraight(Fig.4B,
357,Fig.2;Hendrickx, 1995:141 (listed). D).
PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
D
Fig.4. PinnixarichardsoniGlassell, 1936:A,thirdmaxilliped;B,abdomen.P.valerii:C,thirdmaxilliped;
D,abdomen.Scale(mm):A=0.3;B = 1.26;C =0.36;D =0.83.
Pinnixa scamitMartin & Zmarzly, 1994 354-359, Figs. 1, 2.
—
Previous known distribution. Western
Pinnixa scamit Martin & Zmarzly, 1994: Santa Barbara Channel, just seaward of,
VOLUME 111.NUMBER2
Fig.5. PinnixascamitMartin&Zmarzly, 1994: anterodorsal viewofcarapace,A,male;B,juvenile(sex
indetermined). P. occidentalis Rathbun, 1893: C, female; D, malejuvenile, anterodorsal view ofcarapace.
Arrows indicate the subhepatic tooth. Scale = 1 mm (B-C fromMartin &Zmarzly 1994; D, fromZmarzly
1992).
380 PROCEEDINGSOFTHEBIOLOGICALSOCIETYOFWASHINGTON
and SSW of, Pt. Arguello, California, Table1.—Commonpolychaetewormsdredgedwith
34°29.04'N, 120°44.01—'W. thecrabPinnixascamitatTodosSantosBay,Ensen-
Materialexamined. 2males,2females, ada,BajaCalifornia,Mexico.
all lacking pereiopods, Todos Santos Bay, Specif
Ensenada, BC, Mexico (UABC); dredge,
slime-claybo—ttom, 27-48 m. Cirratulidae MCoanuipceerilellilnaaatleastsealaStoautHhaerrtnman
Remarks. Bonfil et al. (1992) and Paraonidae AricideawassiPettibone
Zmarzly (1992) recorded eight species of Cirrophourssp.
thegenusPinnixaforthewestcoastofBC. AlliaramosoAnnenkova
Pinnixa scamitMartin & Zmarzly, 1994, a Spionidae LaonicecirrataSars
species morphologically close to P. occi- PSapriaopprhiaonneosspbioombpyinxnaCtlaapEahrleedres
dentalis Rathbun, 1893, is the ninth newly
recorded Pinnixa species in Mexico. Al- *Deposited in the Invertebrate Collection (Marine
thoughourmale(previouslyunknown)and EcologyDepartment)ofCentrodeInvestigacionCien-
female specimens lack WL, we assigned tBief,icaMeyxdiecoE.ducacionSuperiordeEnsenada,Ensenada,
themtoP.scamitbythepresenceofseveral
morphological features: a well developed,
granular, cardiac ridge on the carapace; was partially financedby program UABC-
lawanertlgelerr-o,dleaatvceeurtlaeol,pemsdlairgsghuitblnhyeopcfautrtivhceedtcoatoreteahtpha(caFeil;go.nagn2dtAh-ea MC01eO3xN4iAc"CaCnyrouT"st4a3ac1ne1do0s0b-sy5i-mb3ai5go8rn7etNee9ms3e1dn1etl.UPTaAhceiBfCisce-o-
C). Males andfemales ofPinnixa occiden- niorauthorisafellowofthe "Programade
tal have: an acute, sometimes bilobate estimulo al Personal Academico 96/97" of
cardiac ridge; anterolateral margin with a the Universidad Autonoma de Baja Cali-
granulated ridge; and no trace ofa subhe- fornia.
patic tooth (Fig. 2D).
Although the host ofPinnixa scamitre- LiteratureCited
mains unknown, specimens of polychaete Bonfil, R., A. Carvacho, & E. Campos. 1992. Los
worms belonging to 20-28 families co-oc- cangrejos de la Bahia de Todos Santos, Baja
curred in the dredges. Members ofSpioni- California.PerteII.Grapsidae,Pinnotheridaey
dae, Cirratulidae and Paraionidae were the Ocyp—odidae (Crustacea: Decapoda: Brachy-
most abundant. They remain as potential Camposu,ra)E..,&CieMn.ciKa.sWMiacrkisntaesn.(Me1x99i7c.o)A18n:e3w7—5g6e.nus
hosts forthis crab (Table 1). forthe Central Americacrab Pinnixacostari-
cana Wicksten,—1982 (Crustacea: Brachyura:
Acknowledgments Pinnotheridae). ProceedingsoftheBiological
SocietyofWashington 110:69-73.
The authors are grateful to M. Hen- Caso, Mlo.sEH.olo1t9h6u4.roiCdoenotsridbeucMieoxnicalo.coDneosccirmiipecnitoonddee
drickx, R. Lemaitre, J. W. Martin, and an un nuevo subgenera del genera Holothuria,
anonymous reviewer for their useful com- Holothuria{Paraholothur—ia)ydeunanuevaes-
ments on this report; to M. Hendrickx for pecie Holothuria riojae. Anales del Instituto
providing valuable information on P. val- de Biologfa, Universidad Nacional Autonoma
Merairiti(nEfMoUrt6h4e6l);oantoofG.thEe.hDolaovtiyspeanodfGJ.laWs.- di.ceo.1M9eC6ox5ni.tcroEisbt3uu3cd(ii1oo-n2s)ao:lb1rc0eo5n-eo1qcu1i4im.nioednteormdoesldoesMhoelxo--
sella costaricana; toF. Solis-Martinforthe turoideosdeZih—uatanejoydelaIsladeIxtapa
loan ofthe crab specimens reportedby the (primeraparte). Analesdel InstitutodeBiol-
late Dra. MariaElenaCaso. The seniorau- ogfa,UniversidadNacionalAutonomadeMex-
tahnodrmiys dweiefpelyAlgmraateRfouslatfoorR.enBc.ouMraangneimnegn,t Garth,ciJ.rcaoSb.s3,.6&:P2pD5.35-9P2.49A-1b6.b3o0tti.nR1.98H0..MBorrraicsh,yuDr.a:P.tAhbebtortute
ofmy pinnotheird crab studies. This work & E. C. Haderlie,eds., IntertidalInvertebrates
—— —
VOLUME 111,NUMBER2
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