Notes on Canine Internal Medicine

560 Pages·2022·14.065 MB·English

by  Victoria L. Black, Kathryn F. Murphy, Jessie Rose Payne, Edward J Hall

FOURTH
Notes on
EDITION
Canine
Internal
Medicine
Victoria L. Black · Kathryn F. Murphy
Jessie Rose Payne · Edward J. Hall

NOTES ON CANINE INTERNAL MEDICINE

NOTES ON CANINE INTERNAL
MEDICINE
Fourth Edition
Victoria L. Black,
MA, VetMB, FHEA, DipECVIM-C A, MRCVS
Senior Clinician in Small Animal Medicine
EBVS® European Specialist in Small Animal Internal Medicine
RCVS Specialist in Small Animal Medicine
Langford Vets, Bristol Veterinary School
Bristol, UK
Kathryn F. Murphy,
BVSc, DSAM, PGCertHE, DipECVIM- CA, FRCVS
EBVS® European Specialist in Small Animal Internal Medicine,
RCVS Specialist in Small Animal Medicine
Rowe Referrals, Bristol
VetCT
UK
Jessie Rose Payne,
BVetMed, MVetMed, PhD, DipACVIM (Cardiology), MRCVS
Senior Clinician in Cardiology
ACVIM Specialist in Veterinary Cardiology
RCVS Specialist in Veterinary Cardiology
Langford Vets, Bristol Veterinary School
Bristol, UK
Edward J. Hall,
MA, VetMB, PhD, DipECVIM-C A, FRCVS
Emeritus Professor of Small Animal Internal Medicine
EBVS® European Specialist in Small Animal Internal Medicine
RCVS Specialist in Small Animal Medicine (Gastroenterology)
University of Bristol
Bristol, UK
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Murphy, K. F. (Kate F.), author. | Payne, Jessie
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Murphy, Jessie Rose Payne, Edward J. Hall.
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and for added warnings and precautions. While the Payne, Kathryn F. Murphy, and Victoria L. Black
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completeness of the contents of this work and 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
We all recognise the patience and support of our respective families during the production of this
book. However, individually we wish to dedicate it specifically to:
All the vets and vet students I have met with a curious approach to our patients – your enthusiasm
continues to inspire and motivate.
Victoria L. Black
Those who inspired me to know more as a student and resident (particularly Ed!) and my col-
leagues, clients and patients who continue to encourage me to learn more.
Kathryn F. Murphy
My patients, who make each day different from the last and continue to inspire me to learn every
day.
Jessie Rose Payne
All the Medicine Residents and colleagues (particularly Kate and Vicki!) I have worked with, who
have pushed me to learn more.
Edward J. Hall

CONTENTS
Preface xvii
Acknowledgements xix
Using this book xxi
Commonly used abbreviations xxiii
Section 1
Presenting Complaints 1
1.1 Abortion 3
1.2 Alopecia 4
1.3 Altered behaviour 7
1.4 Altered consciousness 10
1.5 Anorexia/hyporexia/inappetence 12
1.6 Anosmia 14
1.7 Anuria/oliguria 15
1.8 Ataxia 17
1.9 Bleeding 19
1.10 Blindness 21
1.11 Constipation 23
1.12 Corneal opacity 25
1.13 Coughing 26
1.14 Deafness 29
1.15 Diarrhoea 30
1.15.1 Acute diarrhoea 31
1.15.2 Chronic diarrhoea 34
1.16 Drooling 38
1.17 Dysphagia 39
1.18 Dyspnoea/tachypnoea 41
1.19 Dysuria 44
1.20 Dystocia 46
1.21 Epistaxis 48
1.22 Exercise intolerance 49
1.23 Faecal incontinence 51
1.24 Flatulence/borborygmi 52
1.25 Haematemesis 54
1.26 Haematochezia 55
1.27 Haematuria and discoloured urine 57
1.28 Haemoptysis 60
1.29 Halitosis 61
1.30 Head tilt 62
1.31 Melaena 64
1.32 Nasal discharge 66
1.33 Nystagmus 67
1.34 Paresis/paralysis 69
1.35 Perinatal death 70
viii Contents
1.36 Polyphagia 72
1.37 Polyuria/polydipsia (PU/PD) 73
1.38 Preputial discharge 77
1.39 Pruritus 78
1.40 Red eye (and pink eye) 80
1.41 Regurgitation 81
1.42 Seizures 84
1.43 Sneezing 86
1.44 Stiffness, joint swelling and generalised lameness 87
1.45 Stunting 89
1.46 Tenesmus and dyschezia 91
1.47 Tremors 92
1.48 Urinary incontinence 94
1.49 Vomiting 96
1.50 Vulval discharge 98
1.51 Weakness, collapse and syncope 100
1.52 Weight gain/obesity 104
1.53 Weight loss 105
Section 2
Physical Abnormalities 109
2.1 Abdominal enlargement 111
2.2 Abdominal masses 113
2.3 Abnormal lung sounds 115
2.4 Arrhythmias 118
2.5 Ascites 121
2.6 Cyanosis 124
2.7 Eye lesions 126
2.8 Hepatomegaly 129
2.9 Horner’s syndrome 131
2.10 Hypertension 133
2.11 Hypotension 134
2.12 Hypothermia 135
2.13 Icterus/jaundice 136
2.14 Lymphadenopathy 139
2.15 Murmur 140
2.16 Oral masses 141
2.17 Pain 142
2.17.1 Abdominal pain 142
2.17.2 Generalised pain 146
2.18 Pallor 147
2.19 Perineal lesions 148
2.20 Peripheral oedema 149
2.21 Pleural effusion 151
2.22 Pneumothorax 154
2.23 Prostatomegaly 154
2.24 Pulse abnormalities 156
2.25 Pyrexia and hyperthermia 158
2.26 Skin lesions 160