North and South in the World Political Economy

405 Pages·2008·3.09 MB·English

by  Rafael Reuveny

North and South in the
World Political Economy
North and South in the World Political Econom y Edited by Rafael Reuveny and William R. Thompson
© 2008 Blackwell Publishing Ltd. ISBN: 978-1-405-16277-7
North and South in the
World Political Economy
Edited by
Rafael Reuveny and
William R. Thompson
© 2008 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
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First published 2008 by Blackwell Publishing Ltd
1 2008
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
North and South in the world political economy / edited by Rafael Reuveny and
William R. Thompson.
p. cm.
Includes bibliographical references and index.
ISBN 978-1-4051-6277-7 (hbk. : alk. paper) 1. Developed countries–Economic policy.
2. Developing countries–Economic policy. I. Reuveny, Rafael. II. Thompson, William R.
HD87.N67 2008
337.09172′2–dc22
2007049381
A catalogue record for this title is available from the British Library.
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Contents
List of Figures viii
List of Tables x
Notes on Contributors xii
List of Abbreviations xiv
1 Observations on the North–South Divide 1
Rafael Reuveny and William R. Thompson
Part I Problems of Trade 17
2 Globalization, Poverty, and the North–South Divide 19
Arie M. Kacowicz
3 Reproducing the North–South Divide: The Role of Trade Defi cits
and Capital Flows 39
Bruce E. Moon
4 New Confi guration or Reconfi guration? Confl ict in North–South
Energy Trade Relations 65
Paul A. Williams
Part II Problems of Development 89
5 Virtuous or Vicious Cycle? Human Rights, Trade, and Development 91
Robert G. Blanton and Shannon Lindsey Blanton
vi Contents
6 Structural Adjustment, Development, and Democracy 104
Mark R. Brawley and Nicole Baerg
7 War as Development – in the North but not the South 122
Espen Moe
8 Infectious Disease: North and South in an Era of Deepening
Globalization 146
Dennis Pirages
Part III Points of Confl ict 163
9 Challenging Hegemony: Political Islam and the North–South Divide 165
Mohammed Ayoob
10 Fear and Loathing in the International System 183
Ays¸e Zarakol
11 Globalizing Media and North–South Initiatives 201
Francis A. Beer and G. R. Boynton
12 The UN Security Council and the North–South Divide:
Plus ça change? 216
Jane Boulden
13 “Failed” States and Global Security: Empirical Questions and
Policy Dilemmas 227
Stewart Patrick
14 Nuclear Proliferation and the Geocultural Divide:
The March of Folly 254
J. David Singer
Part IV Alternative Paths to Ameliorating the
North–South Divide 267
15 Lessons from/for BRICSAM about South–North Relations:
Economic Size Trumps All Else? 269
Andrew F. Cooper, Agata Antkiewicz, and Timothy M. Shaw
16 Dueling Imperialism or Principled Policies? A Comparative
Analysis of EU and US Approaches to Trade and Development 293
Vicki Birchfi eld
17 Assessing Strategies for Reducing Global Poverty 313
Barry B. Hughes and Mohammod T. Irfan
Contents vii
18 North–South Contradictions and Bridges at the World Social Forum 341
Christopher Chase-Dunn, Ellen Reese, Mark Herkenrath, Rebecca
Giem, Erika Gutierrez, Linda Kim, and Christine Petit
19 The Higher Realism: A US Foreign Policy for Transcending the
North–South Divide 367
Seyom Brown
Index 384
Figures
3.1 Income ratios between country categories 40
3.2 Trade balance by income group, 1975–2005 41
3.3 Trade as percentage of GDP, 1960–2004 41
3.4 Percentage of nations with trade defi cit of 5+ percent of GDP 42
3.5 Simplifi ed sketch of the major accounts within a nation’s
balance of payments 48
6.1 Sample distribution of factor endowments of SAP recipient
countries, 1980–2004 113
6.2 Who adjusts? Structural adjustment by factor endowment 115
11.1 Sample website pages for Aljazeera, BBC, and CNN 208
11.2 Three versions of the story of the revival of the Arab peace
initiative of 2002 on the Aljazeera website 209
11.3 The BBC’s presentation of the Arab summit story, showing
Libya’s leader, Muammar Khaddafi 210
11.4 The Algerian horse guard, the picture accompanying the
CNN report of the closing of the Arab conference 211
11.5 Aljazeera’s story about malaria, focusing on the victim 212
11.6 The BBC focuses on the mosquito enemy 212
11.7 CNN’s picture of a malaria victim 213
15.1 BRICSAM foreign reserves, selected years (US$ billions) 277
16.1 Global economic disparities 296
16.2 The EU-25’s share in world trade (export and import) in 2003,
in percent 297
17.1 The framework for policy analysis 314
17.2 The Millennium Project’s conceptual framework 319
Figures ix
17.3 The modules of International Futures (IFs) 321
17.4 World economic growth across three scenarios 325
17.5 The deeper drivers of economic productivity in IFs 328
17.6 Numbers living in absolute poverty 336
18.1 Residences of participants in the 2005 World Social Forum in
Porto Alegre 344
Tables
1.1 Participation in war by “hemisphere” 4
1.2 Intrastate warfare by “hemisphere” 5
3.1 Financing sources for defi cit countries 49
3.2 Change in GNI per capita, PPP 54
4.1 North–South energy trade confl ict 74
5.1 Human rights and trade 97
5.2 Human rights and trade: variable magnitudes 98
6.1 Preferences on trade liberalization 111
6.2 Modeling current account adjustment 114
6.3 Average adjustment 115
7.1 Length of railway line open 129
8.1 The disease gap 153
8.2 Polio cases worldwide, 2005 158
11.1 Global media networks: initiative frequency by issue category 204
11.2 Global media networks: initiative frequency by geographical
location (confl ict issue category) 205
11.3 Global media networks: initiative frequency by type
(health issue category) 206
11.4 Global media networks: initiative frequency by geographical
location (health issue category) 207
13.1 Indicators for state weakness in developing countries 234
13.2 Capacity and will as dimensions of state weakness in
developing countries 237
15.1 BRICSAM growth rates 1985–2005, selected years 273
15.2 FDI infl ows and outfl ows to/from BRICSAM, selected years 275