North African Women after the Arab Spring: In the Eye of the Storm PDF
Preview North African Women after the Arab Spring: In the Eye of the Storm
North African Women after the Arab Spring LarbiTouaf(cid:129)SoumiaBoutkhil(cid:129)ChourouqNasri Editors North African Women after the Arab Spring In the Eye of the Storm Editors LarbiTouaf SoumiaBoutkhil EnglishDepartment MohammedIUniversity MohammedIUniversity Oujda,Morocco Oujda,Morocco ChourouqNasri MohammedIUniversity Oujda,Morocco ISBN978-3-319-49925-3 ISBN978-3-319-49926-0(eBook) DOI10.1007/978-3-319-49926-0 LibraryofCongressControlNumber:2017940528 ©TheEditor(s)(ifapplicable)andTheAuthor(s)2017 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher,whetherthewholeorpartofthematerialisconcerned,specificallytherightsof translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval,electronicadaptation,computersoftware,orbysimilarordissimilarmethodology nowknownorhereafterdeveloped. Theuseofgeneraldescriptivenames,registerednames,trademarks,servicemarks,etc.inthis publicationdoesnotimply,evenintheabsenceofaspecificstatement,thatsuchnamesare exemptfromtherelevantprotectivelawsandregulationsandthereforefreeforgeneraluse. Thepublisher,theauthorsandtheeditorsaresafetoassumethattheadviceandinformation in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publishernortheauthorsortheeditorsgiveawarranty,expressorimplied,withrespectto thematerialcontainedhereinorforanyerrorsoromissionsthatmayhavebeenmade.The publisherremainsneutralwithregardtojurisdictionalclaimsinpublishedmapsandinstitu- tionalaffiliations. Coverillustration©PhotobyMonaZubair/GettyImages Printedonacid-freepaper ThisPalgraveMacmillanimprintispublishedbySpringerNature TheregisteredcompanyisSpringerInternationalPublishingAG Theregisteredcompanyaddressis:Gewerbestrasse11,6330Cham,Switzerland C ONTENTS 1 Introduction 1 LarbiTouaf andSoumia Boutkhil 2 Post-2011 Pressuresfor Expanded FemaleCitizenship and FamilyLawReformin Mena: TheorizingonChange amidst PoliticalTransition 11 RaniaMaktabi 3 The LiberatingForce of Art,Humor,andSocial Media: Women Cartoonistsof the ArabSpring 53 ChourouqNasri 4 The ArabSpringand Women’sRights Activismon Facebook 77 AndréFecteau 5 Watered-Down Feminism: AnExamination of Gender and RevolutionaryIdeals inMorocco 97 JessicaLambert 6 Tradition and Modernityor the AmbivalentPublic Sphere: Women’s PoliticalParticipation in Morocco Before andAfterthe ArabSpring 121 LarbiTouaf v vi CONTENTS 7 Who’s Underthe Robe?OnWomen inthe Judicial System inMorocco 135 SoumiaBoutkhil 8 The Women’sMovementandthe 20 FebruaryMovement in Morocco: AnAwkward Relationship 149 LenieBrouwerandEdien Bartels 9 Mediated Femininity andFemaleCitizenship in Moroccan Electronic News Sites– Hespress.com as aCaseStudy 169 SoumiaBen Rochd 10 The Reform ofthe Moroccan FamilyLawandWomen’s Daily Lives: NavigatingBetweenStructural Constraints and Personal Agency 191 OkaStorms andEdien Bartels 11 Winds of Change:Egypt’sIslamic FamilyLawBetween Two Centuries (1920–2013) 211 NadiaNader andRihamE.A.Debian 12 Women inLibya: The OngoingArmedConflict, Political Instability andRadicalization 239 AsmaeKhalifa Index 251 L C IST OF ONTRIBUTORS Edien Bartels Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands SoumiaBoutkhil EnglishandGenderStudies,MohammedIUniversity, Oujda, Morocco Lenie Brouwer Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam,Amsterdam,The Netherlands RihamE.A.Debian FacultyofArts,InstituteofAppliedLinguisticsand Translation, AlexandriaUniversity, Alexandria,Egypt AndréFecteau Independent Researcher, Ottawa, Canada Asmae Khalifa MA Peace and Conflict Studies, Social Science Institute, Hacettepe University,Ankara, Turkey Jessica Lambert Sociocultural Anthropology, Boston University, Boston, MA,USA Rania Maktabi Political Scientist, Faculty of Business, Languages, and SocialSciences, Østfold University College, Østfold,Norway Nadia Nader Islamic Legal History, University of California, Santa Barbara,USA Chourouq Nasri Department of English Studies, Mohammed I University,Oujda, Morocco Soumia Ben Rochd Gender Studies, Mohammed I University, Oujda, Morocco vii viii LISTOFCONTRIBUTORS Oka Storms Department of Social and Cultural Anthropology, VU University,Amsterdam,The Netherlands Larbi Touaf English and Gender Studies, Mohammed I University, Oujda, Morocco L F IST OF IGURES Fig.2.1 SpheresofmembershipintheMiddleEast 25 Fig.9.1 Womenauthors’profiles 177 Fig.9.2 Subjectstackledbywomenauthors 178 Fig.9.3 Article’sdepthlevel 179 Fig.9.4 Politics 179 Fig.9.5 Women’ssocialrole 180 Fig.9.6 Rolecentredaroundphysicalappeal 181 Fig.9.7 Typeoffemininity 183 Fig.9.8 Theeroticizedbody 184 ix L T IST OF ABLES Table2.1 TypologyonfemalecitizenshipintheMENAregion 1920–2010 18 TableA.4 Meansandstandarddeviations(S.D.)associatedwitheach traitforFacebookpictures(byethnicity) 93 Table8.1 Comparisonofthewomen’smovementandthe20 Februarymovement 162 Table9.1 Criteriaofanalysischart 175 Table9.2 Womenauthors’profiles 176 Table9.3 Subjectstackledbywomenauthors 177 Table9.4 Article’sdepthlevel 178 Table9.5 Women’ssocialrole 181 Table9.6 Typeoffemininity 183 Table10.1 Divorcenumber(underjuridicalcontrol)through theyears 201 Table10.2 Divorcerate2010–2011 202 xi
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