Edited by Søren Askegaard · Jacob Östberg Nordic Consumer Culture State, Market and Consumers Nordic Consumer Culture Søren Askegaard • Jacob Östberg Editors Nordic Consumer Culture State, Market and Consumers Editors Søren Askegaard Jacob Östberg University of Southern Denmark Stockholm Business School Odense, Denmark Stockholm University Stockholm, Sweden ISBN 978-3-030-04932-4 ISBN 978-3-030-04933-1 (eBook) https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04933-1 Library of Congress Control Number: 2018968446 © The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s) 2019 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and trans- mission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. This Palgrave Macmillan imprint is published by the registered company Springer Nature Switzerland AG The registered company address is: Gewerbestrasse 11, 6330 Cham, Switzerland This book is dedicated to the memory of our friend and colleague Per Østergaard (1958–2016) Pioneer of Nordic consumer culture investigations from Svalbard to the Baltic Sea Contents 1 Introduction: The Institution and the Imaginary in a Nordic Light 1 Søren Askegaard and Jacob Östberg Part I Nordic Consumer Culture and the State–Market Nexus 23 2 Democracies of Taste Ruled by the Law of Jante? Rudiments of a Nordic Sociology of Consumption 25 Henri A. Weijo 3 Market Wonderland: An Essay about a Statist Individualist Consumer Culture 49 Sofia Ulver 4 Why Can’t They Behave? Theorizing Consumer Misbehavior as Regime Misfit between Neoliberal and Nordic Welfare Models 71 Diane M. Martin, Frank Lindberg, and James Fitchett vii viii Contents 5 Unacceptable Consumption: Conflicts of Refugee Consumption in a Nordic Welfare State 95 Maria Hokkinen 6 Swedish Dads as a National Treasure: Consumer Culture at the Nexus of the State, Commerce, and Consumers 119 Susanna Molander, Jacob Östberg, and Ingeborg Astrid Kleppe 7 Experiencing Nature through Nordic Restrictions and Freedom 147 Emma Salminen Part II The Nordic as Market Imagery 169 8 Danish Welfare Exports as the “New Bacon”: Myth and Meaning of the Nordic Welfare Model as Glocal Cultural Commodity 171 Stine Bjerregaard and Dannie Kjeldgaard 9 Dark, Difficult, Depressing: Nordic Crime Novels in the Eyes of the Beholder 193 Pamela Schultz Nybacka 10 Nordic Branding: An Odyssey into the Nordic Myth Market 213 Lars Pynt Andersen, Dannie Kjeldgaard, Frank Lindberg, and Jacob Östberg 11 Mythologies of Finnishness in Advertising 239 Juulia Pietilä, Jack S. Tillotson, and Søren Askegaard Contents ix 12 Perspectives on Hygge: The Kolonihave Discourse 267 Jeppe Linnet and Jonathan Bean Part III Epilogue 293 13 Nordic Consumer Culture Theory Research: Conversation in a Wine Bar 295 Benjamin J. Hartmann and Eric J. Arnould Index 329 Notes on Contributors Lars Pynt Andersen is associate professor of Strategic Communication at Aalborg University, Department of Communication and Psychology (Copenhagen campus). His PhD from Copenhagen Business School was on the rhetorical strategies of television advertising. He has published papers on the uses of irony and personification metaphor in advertising, as well as advertising genre and related effects. Research interests include parental consumption, the “tween” consumer, and vicarious consumption as status negotiation. He is cur- rently researching the (re-)construction of the “Nordic” and “Nordic values” in consumer culture and branding strategies. Eric J. Arnould is Visiting Professor of Marketing at Aalto University School of Business. He has pursued a career in applied social science since 1974. The University of Arizona awarded him a PhD in anthropology in 1982. Aalto awarded him an honorary doctorate in 2016. Arnould’s research on consumer culture, cultural marketing strategy, qualitative research methods, services, and development appears in major social science and managerial periodicals and books. Søren Askegaard is Professor of Consumption Studies at the University of Southern Denmark in Odense. Of northern origin, more precisely from Northern Funen, he is educated in Odense and in Paris (and not least in the general interaction with his colleagues). He considers himself a rooted cosmo- politan. His career has meandered him to and through various positions such as professorships at Lund University in Sweden, Lille University in France, and xi xii Notes on Contributors Suffolk University in Boston, USA. His publications appear in various journals ranging from the Flag Bulletin to the Journal of Consumer Research. In terms of research, he is interested in encounters of the local and the global in consumer culture, as well as in humans as imaginary beings and the consequences for phe- nomena of consumer culture. Jonathan Bean is Assistant Professor of Architecture, Sustainable Built Environments, and Marketing at the University of Arizona. His research on taste and consumption spans the fields of consumer research, human–computer interaction, architecture, and design. He has received grants from the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada, the National Institute for Transportation and Communities, and others. Bean writes the Consuming Tech column for ACM Interactions magazine and gave a TEDx talk as part of his immersive study of market transformation in the US building market. His work on IKEA hacking was featured on an episode of the 99% Invisible podcast. Stine Bjerregaard is a former PhD student in the Consumer, Culture and Commerce group at the University of Southern Denmark. She now works as a marketing professional—currently with sustainability in the fashion industry. Bjerregaard’s research focuses on the early stages of market formation, with spe- cial attention to the role of politics and ideology. Theoretically, she works in the intersection between consumer culture theory and market studies, exploring the performativity of ideas and representations. Other research interests include place branding and subtle forms of consumer resistance as it plays out in branded consumption scapes. James Fitchett is Professor of Marketing and Consumption at the University of Leicester School of Business. He is associate editor for Marketing Theory. His research interests include investigations into the politics of consumption, neo- liberalism and consumer culture, and theory development in marketing. Benjamin J. Hartmann is an Associate Professor at the School of Business, Economics and Law at the University of Gothenburg. Originally from Berlin, Hartmann has been a lifetime friend and connoisseur of Nordic consumer cul- ture. His award-winning research generally explores the intersection of con- sumption, markets, and society, and is published in Consumption, Markets & Culture, Marketing Theory, Journal of Consumer Research, Psychology & Marketing, Journal of Marketing Management, and Advances in Consumer Research. Maria Hokkinen is a PhD candidate at the Åbo Akademi University in Turku, Finland. Her research interests lie in the field of consumer behavior, with a spe-