nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge

95 Pages·2012·4.83 MB·English

Elisabeth Scheibmeir
NONLINEAR SEISMIC ANALYSIS OF A
MASONRY ARCH BRIDGE
Barcelona, 2012

Nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge

DECLARATION

Name: Elisabeth Scheibmeir
Email: [email protected]

Title of the Nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge
Msc Dissertation:
Supervisor(s): Luca Pelà
Year: 2012

I hereby declare that all information in this document has been obtained and presented in accordance
with academic rules and ethical conduct. I also declare that, as required by these rules and conduct, I
have fully cited and referenced all material and results that are not original to this work.

University: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya
Date: 16.07.2012
Signature:
___________________________

Erasmus Mundus Programme
ADVANCED MASTERS IN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTIONS i
Nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge

Erasmus Mundus Programme
ADVANCED MASTERS IN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTIONS ii
Nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The present work has been developed at the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya. Foremost the help of
Luca Pelà and Pere Roca have made this study possible. Especially I would like to thank Mr. Luca Pelà for
guidance, support and supervision.
I would also like to thank all the lecturers who participated during the classes of the “Master of
Structural Analysis of Monuments and Historical Buildings” in Guimarães from Sep. 2011 to March 2012
for sharing their great knowledge.
This study has been carried out with the financial help of the Erasmus Mundus Program of the European
Union, for which the author expresses its gratitude.

Erasmus Mundus Programme
ADVANCED MASTERS IN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTIONS iii
Nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge

Erasmus Mundus Programme
ADVANCED MASTERS IN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTIONS iv
Nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge

ABSTRACT

Seismic safety evaluation of existing masonry arch bridges in Italy is a major concern brought
forward by recent earthquake events in 2009 and 2012. Standard computation methods for
seismic safety evaluation include static and dynamic procedures, ranging from linear static to
the more sophisticated non-linear dynamic analysis. The difficulty concerning historic masonry
lies in the determination of representative material properties and the definition of an
appropriate constitutive law, taking into account that masonry, formed as a composite of units
and mortar, has some intrinsic complex mechanical properties especially in the nonlinear
range.
The present work determines the influence of different constitutive material laws and non-
elastic parameters for masonry on the seismic performance level of an existing triple-arched
masonry arch bridge built after World War II close to the village of San Marcello Pistoiese in
Italy. Seismic evaluation has been carried out with the help of DIANA FE software applying the
method of static pushover analysis; additionally a nonlinear dynamic analysis has been
conducted.
The different constitutive models applied include a simple Drucker-Prager criterion and a
model combining Drucker-Prager in compression and smeared cracking in tension;
furthermore two additional smeared cracking models which combine compressive crushing
and tensile cracking incorporated in the FE code were analysed. The variation of the material
parameters has been conducted following references found in relevant literature.
It will be shown how different laws of energy dissipation and the variation of parameters in
order to describe this dissipation qualitatively change the bridges behaviour regarding seismic
impact. The study points the necessity of experimental data in the non-linear range for the
correct assessment of the safety status and hints how small variations on the applied
parameters can change the output of safety evaluation.

Keywords: Nonlinear seismic analysis, masonry arch bridge, constitutive material laws
Erasmus Mundus Programme
ADVANCED MASTERS IN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTIONS v
Nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge

Erasmus Mundus Programme
ADVANCED MASTERS IN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTIONS vi
Nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge

RESUMEN
La evaluación de la seguridad sísmica de puentes de fábrica en Italia es una de las principales
preocupaciones puestas de manifiesto por eventos sísmicos recientes en los años 2009 y 2012.
Los métodos estándar de cálculo para la evaluación de la seguridad sísmica incluyen
procedimientos estáticos y dinámicos, desde la estática lineal, hasta el más sofisticado análisis
no lineal dinámico. La dificultad respecto a la albañilería histórica radica en la determinación
de propiedades representativas y la definición de una ley constitutiva adecuada, teniendo en
cuenta que la albañilería, formado como compuesto de unidades y mortero, tiene algunas
propiedades mecánicas intrínsecamente complejas, especialmente en el rango no lineal.
El presente trabajo determina la influencia de diferentes leyes constitutivos y parámetros
inelásticos de materiales de fábrica sobre el nivel de desempeño sísmico de un puente
existente de fábrica en tres arcos, construido después de la Segunda Guerra Mundial cerca del
pueblo San Marcello Pistoiese en Italia. La evaluación sísmica se llevó a cabo con la ayuda del
programa de elementos finitos DIANA aplicando el método de análisis estático no-lineal;
adicionalmente se realizó un análisis dinámico no-lineal.
Los diferentes modelos constitutivos aplicados incluyen un simple criterio de Drucker-Prager y
un modelo que combina Drucker-Prager en compresión con craqueo manchado en tensión;
por otro lado fueron analizados otros dos modelos de craqueo manchado que se componen de
un comportamiento de trituración en compresión y craqueo en tensión, incorporados en el
código de FE utilizado. La variación de los parámetros de los materiales se llevó a cabo
siguiendo referencias de literatura pertinente.
El estudio demuestra cómo las diferentes leyes de disipación de energía y la variación de los
parámetros aplicados para simular esta disipación de forma cuantitativa cambian el
comportamiento del puente ante las acciones sísmicas. El estudio señala la necesidad de
obtener datos experimentales en el rango no-lineal para el análisis estructural correcto y cómo
pequeñas variaciones en los parámetros aplicados cambian el resultado de la evaluación de
seguridad.
Palabras clave: Análisis no-lineal sísmica, puente de fábrica en arco, leyes constitutivas de
albañilería

Erasmus Mundus Programme
ADVANCED MASTERS IN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTIONS vii
Nonlinear seismic analysis of a masonry arch bridge

Erasmus Mundus Programme
ADVANCED MASTERS IN STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF MONUMENTS AND HISTORICAL CONSTRUCTIONS viii