Nomenclature of the micas

8 Pages·1998·0.591 MB·English

by  Milan Rieder, Giancarlo Cavazzini, Yurii S. D'yakonov, Viktor A. Frank-Kamenetskii, Glauco Gottardi, Stephen Guggenheim, Pavel V. Koval, Georg Müller, Ana M. R. Neiva, Edward W. Radoslovich, Jean-Louis Robert, Francesco P. Sassi, Hiroshi Takeda, Zdenek Weiss, David R. Wones

905
Thz Canadian M ine ralo g is t
Vol. 36, pp. 90s-912 (1998)
NOMENCLATUROEF T HEM ICAS
MILANRIEDER'
Departmento f GeochemistryM, ineralogy, and Mineral ResourcesC, hnrles University,
Albertov6 , 12843P raha2 , CzechR epublic
GIANCARLO CAVAZZNI
Dipanimznto di Mineralogia e Petrologia, Universitd di Padova.C orso Garibaldi, 37, I-35122 Padova,h aly
YURtr S. D'YAKONOV
VSEGEIS, rednipi r.,74, Saint-Peterburg1,9 9026,R ussia
VIKTOR A. FRANK-KAMENETSKtr*
GLAUCO GOTIARDIT
STEPHENGUGGENMM
Depamnento f GeologicaSl ciencesU, niversityo f Illinois at Chicago,
845 WestT aylor Street,C hicago,I llircis 60607-7059,U .S.A.
PAVELV. KOVAL'
Institutg eokhimiiS OA N Rossii,u I. Favorskogola , Irkutsl<.664033R, ussia
GEORG nft-ll-lEn
Instinwir M inz ct^uthsa t'
;at";"':;#y : r T::;tr#f:#:d;;#r;E:#:;'"t
ANAM.R. NEIVA
Departamento dc CiAncias daTena, Universidade de Coimbra, Apartado 3014, 3049 Coimbra CODD{ Portugal
EDWARDW. RADOSLOVICH*
JEAN.LOUISR OBERT
Centre de Rechzrchz sur Ia Synthise et Ia Chimie des Mindraux, C.N.R.S.,
IA, rue de la Fdrollerie, F-45071 Orl4ans Cedex2, France
FRANCESCOP .S ASSI
Dipartimento di Minzralogia e Petrologia, Universitd di Padova, Corso Garibal.di, 37, I-35122 Padova" Italy
HIROSHITAKEDA
Chiba Insfinte of Techrclogy,2-17-I Tsudanuma,N arashino City, Chiba275, Japan
ZDENEKWEISS
Central Analytical Laboratory, TechnicalU niversity of Mining and Metallargy,
TL 17. Iistopadu,7083 3 Ostrava-PorubaC, zechRepublic
DAVID R. WONES{
' E-mail add,ress;r [email protected]
* Russia; died 1994; f Italy died 1988; * Australia; resigned 1986; g U.S.A.; died 1984.
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906 TIIE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST
ABSTRACT
End-members and species, defined with permissible ranges of composition, are presented for the true micas, the brittle
nicas, and the interlayer-deficient micas. The determilation of the crystallochemical formula for different available chemical
data is outlined, and a system of modifiers and suffixes is given to allow the expression of unusual chemical substitutions
or polltypic stacking affangements. Tables of mica synonyms, varieties, ill-defined materials, and a list of names formerly or
erroneously used for micas are presented. The Mica Subcommittee was appointed by the Commission on New Minerals and
Mineral Names of the Intemational Mineralogical Association. The definitions and recommendations presented were approved
by the Commission.
Keyvords: mica nomenclature, brittle micas, interlayer-deficient micas, species, end members.
Sovnuens
Lesp dlesd esd iverseess pbcedse m icas ontic i d6finisa, insqi uel esi ntervalledse c ompositiopne rmisc,e cip ourl esw ais
micas, les micas cassants, et les micas d6ficitaires dans Ia position interfeuillet. On d6crit Ia d6termination de la formule
sristall6ghimique d partir des diverses donndes chimiques disponibles; un systdme de qualificatifs et de suffixes permet
d'exprimer des vecteurs de substitution peu courants et des agencementsd 'empilement polytypique. Sont inclus un tableau de
synonymes, une liste de vari6t6s et de mat€riaux m6connus, ainsi qu'une liste de noms d6suets ou erronnds utilis6s pour d6crire
les rnicas. l,e comitd de nomenclature des micas a 6t6 mandat6 par la Commission des nouveaux min6raux et des noms de
min6raux de I'Association internationale de Min6ralogie. Les d6finitions et recommandations de ce conit6 ont 6t6 approuvdes
par la Commission.
Keyvyords:n omenclature des micas, micas cassants,m icas d6ficitaires dans la position interfeuillet, espdces,p 6les.
DBrrNmoN SunlrvsloNs
Micas are phyllosilicatesi n which the unit structure Dependingo n the interlayerc ation,t he micasa re
consistso f one octahedrals heet( Os) betweent wo subdividedin to true micas( if > 50VoI cattonsp resent
opposingt etrehedrals heets( Ts).T heses heetsfo rm a are monovalent)o r brittle micas (if > 50VoI cations
lnyer thatis separatedfr om adjacentla yersb y planeso f presenta re divalent); if the formula exhibits < 0.85
non-hydrateidn terlayerc ations( I). The sequencies : ... and > 0.6 positive interlayer charges,i t represents
I Ts Os Ts I Ts Os Ts ... The tetrahedrals heetsh ave an interlayer-cation-deficienmt ica or, statedi n an
composition2 205,a ndt etrahedra6 sel inkedb y sharing abbreviatedf ormo an interlayer-deficientm ica. In
eacho f threec orners( = basala tomso f oxygen)t o a speciacl ases(e .g.,w onesite)t,h ei nterlayerc hargem ay
neighboringt etrahedront;h e fourth corner (= apisal be lower than0 .6 providedt he materiald oesn ot have
atom of oxygen)p oints in one direction for a given swellingo r expandingc apabilitiesT. he 0.85 charge
tetrahedrals heet.T he coordinating anions around divide holdsf or dioctahedraml icas.T o date,t herea re
octahedrallyc oordinatedc ations( M) consisto f apical insufficient data to define an analogousl imit in
atoms of oxygen of adjacentt etrahedrals heetsa nd trioctahedralm icas.
anionsA . The coordinationo f interlayer cations is Regardlesosf the mica subgroupi,t is dioctahedral
nominallyt welve-fold,a ndt heir charges houldn ot be if it containsl esst han 2.5 octahedracl ations( W per
lesst han0 .6 per formula.T he simplified formulac an formula unit; micasw ith 22.5 octahedracl ationsa re
be written as: trioctahedral. Micas with intermediateo ctahedral
occupancieosc curf requentlyb, ut no provisioni s made
I M24n.4T4OLoAz,
for anyo therd ivisionso r terms( e.g.,"2Y2o ctahedral");
where/ is commonlyC s, K, Na, Nlt, Rb, Ba, Ca, theu seo f sucht ermsi s discouragedA.l so discouraged
M is commonlyL i, Fe (di- or trivalent), Mg, Mn is thed ivisiono f micasi nto "disilicic", "trisi1icic",a nd
(di- or trivalent),2n,! i, Cr, Y fi, "tetrasilicic"a ccordingto the numbero f silicona toms
n representas vacancy, per formula.
Octahedralty coordinated M cations may be
T is commonlyB e, Al, B, Fe (trivalent),S i, and
distributed over three crystallographic positions
A is commonlyC l, F, OH, O (oxy-micas)S, . (octahedraol rdering)o r two positionsi n structuresw ith
(The mostf requentlye ncounterede lementsa re seti n the Alm spaceg roup.B ecauseo f this ordering,s ome
bold face; note that other substitutionsa re possible). end-membefro rmulasd o not conformt o the "chemical"
The numbero f formulau nits,Z may vary depending 50Von ;JLoef Nickel (1992).T o a lessere xtent,t he same
on the structureb, ut is equalt o 2 in a lM structure. appliest o tetrahedrallyc oordinatedT cations.
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NOMENCLATURE OF TTIE MICAS 907
PnnlcpLBs or CrassrncarroN naturalm icas eriesw ill helpi n establishingsp eciesa nd
in positioningb oundariesb etweentl em.
The present classification is based on the chemical Lists of valid names for true, brittle, and
composition of micas and embodies generalizations interlayer-deficienmt icasa ppearin TablesI ,2, and3,
derived from crystal-structure determinations. The respectively. The compositional space for some
inclusion of physical determinative properties as dioctahedrali nterlayer-deficienta nd true micas is
classification criteria was avoided because these showni n Figure 1.
properties cannot unambiguously differentiate
members of the micas. Moreovero the approach adopted
here reflects the belief that mica classification should
be based on easily accessible chemical data and a
minimum of physical measurements.
The crystalloshemical formula should be based on TABLE L TRUE MICAS: ENDMEMBER FORMUI-AS AND
TYPICAL RANGES FOR MINERAL SPECIES
chemical data, densify, and cell data. If chemical data
only are available, the recommended procedure to
DIGTNIEDRAL
calculatea formula is as follows: (1) If there is a reliable
determination of H2O, the formula should be based on Eurylb K Attr AlSi3O ro(OH),
twelve O + F atoms. (2) If there is no determination of rysi:3.0-3.1 tN: 1.9-2.0 K:0.7- 1.0(/>0 .t5)
H2O, as in electron-microprobe analyses,a n idealized w,.'tfllP- + qR*) < 0.25 qAr('Al + qFd): 0.5- 1.0
anion group must be assumed,a nd the formula should shElncdrdolite K A{Mc;Fd')tr SL Ore( oHh
be based on 22 positive charges. (3) If there is no uMRe&/((IuvlJgF +. +u Fqe.+IP)>) 0r .05.25 vAy(qAl + vFd):0.5 - 1.0
determination of H2O and there are grounds to suspect
freoruEh@ladoBlre KA(Fd.,Mg)tr SLO,o(OID
that a later oxidation of iron in the mica caused qAy(uA.l + uFs&): 0.5 - l.o l4g/G\,Ig+ vFd) < 0.5
deprotonation o1 thg anion group, the formula should qladoEtts K rf(Mg;Fd-)tr SL O'o (oID,
be based on 22 + e positive charges, where z is the qlP-l(qRt + qF) r 0.25 'AV("A.I + rFe*) < 0.5
quantity oftrivalent iron (Stevens 1946, Foster 1960, lvlg/(Mg + qFd-)>0.s
Rimsaite l97O). It should be noted that lithium, ferrocdvaAdyo(iulteA l + qFf) < 0.5 KM Fgf(/F(Melg,I 4+g r)Ftrd -) S<L 0 O.5rc( OtI)b
concentrations of which cannot be determined with
rw{dttc K Vrtr AlSi3O ro( OI{),
crrrent elecfon-microprobe techniquesoi s commonly chnnphynlte K Crrtr AlSi3O ro( OH)2
overlooked in wet-chemical analyses because of its low borcE@vlte K Alrtr Bsi3 Oro( OII!
molecular weight. Also, failure to establisht he concen- psngonlre Na Alrtr AlSi3O ro( OH)2
tration of lithium has caused a number of erroneous K<0.15 cs<0.11
idenffications. Mptrglte Cs Alrtr AlSi3O rc( OtIt
tobdhe G{IL) Al'tr Alsi" o'o (oH,
ENp MeMBens
End-member names given belorv are associated Trummru
with formulas containing the most frequently encoun-
unlte K F€e3 AlSi3 Orc (OII)b
tered A anion only. End members in which other A
pblogopite Klvb AISL Oro (OH)b
anions dominate should be designatedw ith the prefixes
sldmphyffte K FdrrAl AtSi, Oro (OH)2
"fluoro" (e.g., in muscovite), "hydroxy" (e.g., it @rtonlte K MgbAl Alrsi, ore (OII)b
polylithionite), or "oxy" (e.g.,in annile;. When such hqdrlcldte K zD. Alsis Oro (OII)b
phases are found in nature, their proposed new mineral Za> 1.5
stafus and name should nonetheless be submitted for montdorlte* KFee,.rllrDldtr4gutru Si{ Oro F,
approval to the Commission on New Minerals and trhlollte K LiMg, Si. Orc F,
Mineral Names, IMA. polylhhfonfte K LirAl SL Oro F,
trilfthtotrser K UBAIE AISL Orc F'
This report contains end-member formulas that are
MuaoEltte K UAIlih* AlSi! Oro F2
stoichiometric on tle scale of the asymmetric part of Mn'!.: 1.0 - 0.5 Li: 1.0- 1.5
the unit cell. Those mica species that do not meet si: 3.0 - 3.5 NAI: l.o - 0.5
this requirement (such as those in which the main norbhlte K Lil\iltr&, SL OD
'ospecies
end-members are not yet clear) appear as that fstra-fsrrt-arrtte K Fd*3 Ffsi, oro (oE)b
are not end members". To express chemical variation in tc!f,&fqfpH%ophs K M& Fs$S!! Oro (OH)2
compositional plots, hypothetical end-membersm ay be spldoltte Na Mg AlSir Oto (OI|,
employed. However, becauset hese end members have pnbTerldte Na IvIgAl Alzst Oro (OII)z
ephsltc Na uA.la Alrsi, oro (oHt
not been documented as mineral species, they may not
receive minerallike nzures, and only formulas or
formula-like expressionss hould be used in such plots. Nots: sp€is thd m lot @d |l@bqs @ d@oted with e assist-
Experimental determinations of miscibility limits in Coqositiolsl linits m cprosed in aoru po fo@ils Eit (ryt).
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908 THE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST
'ha-.
TABLE 2. BRJTTLEM ICAS: ENI).MEIVIBERF ORMULAII AND ^\o ,/(viR2+
IYPICAL RANCES FOR MINERAL SPECIES 4 *
%"1
i-("
DTCIAHDRAL x
Y'o9l
n|r8rrfto C8 Afrtr Alrst Oro( OII)b
I: C€, Na MAl,ll,tr>U l1AlSr,B€
ch.mtkhlts BsvF AlfiTOD(OID'
M V AtFe Ms
c
ThIOCTAIMAL
I
c|lrtonfto calq&AlAL$ qo (OID,
f Cs, Na, K M:lv{SFf,Al,Ff,Ma IAl,Sirfl (a) g
bftytro CsUAtBEAlSirOro( OII' o
uu>E o;ls
8mdlt B8 Fd-! FfSL oro s(oE) o 6
tB!,KN8 M: FeFI,U &Ff,M4 At,4: S>OH,C LF qo
Hrqhltaltt3 Bs lrt& Alrsl, Orc( OID, o
---
.I:Bs+K' 1.0 M lvft lvrf, Mf, Al Fo,1l l: OH, F grurinit. @
?.;l
-
,ts;;q-
Coqositiorsl liEits m eogrusedi a cm per fuml8 ud (qrt ). t
Molrrrens aNl Surpucs
Chemicadl eviationfsr om end-membecro mpositions o1o(oH)2
may be expressebdy adjectivalm offiers. Thesem ust
be basedo n actuald eterminationsto supportt he claim.
The usageo f adjectivalm odifiers is not mandatory. x re3*'[rrsos t; oio(oH)2
Modifiers like "rubidian" shouldb e usedo nly if the
elementi n questione xceedsl l%o, but not 50Vo,o f
the real occupancyo f tle respectivep osition in the
end-memberf ormulas involved. Thus, a rubidian
muscoviter nayc ontainb etween0 .1 and0 .5 Rb atoms
per formula unit. If an elementc an enterm ore than one otror.i o ore1o";,
coordinationa, furtherd ifferentiationis possibles, uch V "
as "tetra-ferrianooor "octa-ferriano'I.f the concentration
of an element is less than that necessaryf or the
aacsksnigonwmleedngote ift sa p mreosdeifniecerh,, a en odr isf hthem e aauy uthsoera w misohdeifsite or '.. '.a::i ' o. .
sucha s" rubidium-containingToh'. el attert ypeo f modifier r.3*o si4 o16(oH)2
should be used also if the analysis is incomplete,
fhusp reventingth ec alculationo f a completec rystallo- Frc. 1. A three-dimensional plot illustrating the relation of
some true dioctahedral micas to interlayer-deficient
chemicalf ormula.
dioctahedral micas. a. T$vo slabs cut from the
For casesw herea polytyped eterminationh asb een chemographic volume (b) shown in terms of formulas
madeoth e namem ay be suffixed with an appropriate (small solid circles). Dashed lines indicate approximate
polytypes ymbol( Nickel 1993),e .g.,m uscovite-3T. borders, dotted lines complete the solid. The ratio
Therea ret wo universasl ystemos f poly'types ymbolism, vrfi?+(\,rlR?++ vrR3+)i s equal to r/2 (fable 3) for micas with
both based on the modified Gard notation: one 2.0 octahedral cations. End-member formulas in (a) are
presentedjo intly by IMA and IUCr (Bailey et aI. shown by solid circles. Glauconite with Na > K should be
1978),a nda notherm, oreg eneralizedb, y IUCr (Guinier referred to as "natroglauconite".
et al. 1984).B ecauseo f internationaal cceptancea nd
commonu sage,t he Ramsdells ymbolismi s preferred
for the micasu nlesse xacts tackings equenceosr other
speciali nformation needc larification; for the latter
cases,s eeR osse t aL (1.966)T, akeda& Sadanagausingt he ottrers ystemso r whenu sings ymbolismt hat
(1969),Z vyagln( 19&, 1967),Z vyaglne t al. (1,979)o, r is not commonlyk nown,t he auttrorm ustr eferenceit s
Dornberger-Schif&f DuroviE( Durovid 1981).W hen sourceo r, preferably,s pecify the stackings equence
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NOMENCLATTJRE OF TIIE MICAS 909
TABI.E 3. INTERI./\YER-DEFICIENTM ICAS: Names whose usage is discouraged were divided
REPRBSENTATTVEFO RMTJLASA I{D RAI\GBS into synonyms and varieties (Table 5), ill-defined
materials and mixtures (Table 6), and names formerly
DrctArmRAL! or erroneously used for micas (Table 7).
id.ati".d ggsal fomls
6JraI" (trlgFslxAtFf)r-tr SLJA| Ff), Orc( OII)b JusrF'IcATroN
0.6<r+J,<0.85 Mg>Ff PAI>nFf
llllto(auiomo) &d AI!tr Alo6si.$ OF (OII)b This paragraph summarizes grounds for some of the
uF./eR& + ufis)s0.25 vAVfA + vtsf)>o.o
Mica Subcomminee'sd ecisions.
glrqsnlro (8 siE ffi) I{1aX f"dt-tr AL'SLT OD (OII)5
qxP/ene + ex1>0.15 vAy(vAl + vFf)<0.5
bnnmdllr!(amiem) Nao6 Alr!tr Ahasls Oro( OlD, . Aluminoceladonite. The alternative term for this
mica, leucophyllite, was considered unjustified because
TRIGTAIDRAL it invites confusion with an identical rock-name and
becauset he type-locality leucophyllite (Starkl 1883) is
wonsEsr NaortroMglAtBAtSLOrc(OH,
too low in alkalis to represent a mica.
Noto: ' wmito ir I spsis tbc is not m @d @bc. Corpoeilioml linits m
cprued in com pc 6rob rn (q/r). $ Se alrc Fgro I ; I - r +y. . Aspidolite. The Subcommittee voted to resumectt he
narnea spidolire (von Kobell I 869), which represented
an old description of what was in more recent years
referred to as sodium phlogopite (Schreyer er a/ 1980).
It must be pointed out that no one ever applied formally
representedb y the symbols used.A review of polytypes
for the mineral name sodium phlogopite.
in micas found to date can be found in Baronnet
(1980), Bailey (1984), orTakeda & Ross (1995).
. Brammallite. A reasoning similar to that concerning
SEREs NArEs RNp Llsrs oF INVALTDN aws illite has led the Subcommittee to list it as a series
name. A more precise end-member nomenclature might
This report also includes series names intended to develop at a later time.
designate incompletely investigated micas that are to be
used by field geologists or petrographers (Table 4).
. Divisions within the interlayer-deficient micas.
Such names (e.9., "biotite") are defined only in some
In the subgroup of interlayer-deficient micas, some
series, thus in fact sanctioning a practice that is
divisions comply with Nickel's (1992) nomenclature
common already.A ssigning a name to an incompletely
for mineral solid-solutions, but some do not. The non-
investigatedl ayer silicate may be risky, and it should be
507a limits adopted by the Subcommittee as divides
precededb y at least optical examination. Once such
between volumes in interlayer-deficient micas are
material has been studied in detail, end-member names
essentially those of Bailey et al. (1979).
should be preferred, with or without modifiers and
suffixes. Series names are not to be associated with
varietal modifiers. .Illite. This name has been usedr elatively vaguely, and
the Subcommitteef ound it suitable as a seriesn ame for
a relatively large volume in compositional space,a s a
counterpart to g lauco nit e.
. Interlayer-deficient micas versu^rh ydromicas. The
blottte riwtllEdnl Ei$ bstw€4 q clN to, the mite - pblogopitea d Subcommittee was unable to find any hydromica that
eidcophyllite- astuit€ joiu; dqk miq *ithow lithiu
glauontte di@tahedrsli derlsyd-d€fici€ot miru witb onpoeitim definedi n has an excess of H2O over the equivalent of (OH,F)z
Table3 and could not be interpreted as a mixed-layer structure
lllfre diwtahedml idqliryqdofici€d mic€s with @mpositim ddffd itr (such as biotite - vermiculite, illite - smectite). At
Table3
lepldolite dwrahedraln im o, o ctoF to, thet rilithi@ite- polylithionitejo i4 the same time, all micas described as hydromicas
ligE nie with obsootial lithim exhibit a deficiency in the interlayer cation position.
pbmgfte potasic di6tah€dFl mis betw€€o, u clooe o, the joiro
Mite - qft,min@lrdqit€ md rcvite - eladorito Accordingly, the Subcommittee opted to abandon
zdnnwaldlte riwtahedral mie on, tr cl@ to, ths sidmphylite - polylithi@ite the subgroup name hydromicas and replace it with
joiq dqk Ei6 codsining lithiu
interlayer-cation-deficient micas or, in an abbreviated
form, inte rlay er -defi c ient m icas.
Henblclsite, chemykhtte,,n otdorlte , nA wtomtl?te shouldb s add€d to th*
m6 if fuhrreM ch $bstsdids the qirtoe of plid slutim tminced by
tm 6d n€mbqc urh s K zq Alsi, ob (oH! md K Mtr'?.3A lSi3O ro( OH},. Tho . Phengite. Phengite was elevated to a series
'62rismt hoqf dthrioc&e,s iwte ", wlisht@€d mt hmeds -dm @brqh ohuqlddb dscn&es itr"" mshgomuoldht hm6d rbicsk rt3itom"€d. Thloo name for solid solutions involving muscovite,
me p€ttqn shoulde pplyi n all w girc aluminoceladonite, and celadonite.
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910 THE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST
TABLE s. SYNONYMS (s) AND VARIETIES (v) TIIAT HAVE BEEN USED IN NAMING MCAST
adesl@ @& lilhim|''@ib(B) rilhhiodqhHdtltll!@ire
slugho (v) -i"g'.twtrclnq ddgam[lh9 Ihhh phogib (v) litbimt@ib
aJ':'MEye3 t@vfr6 msmlepidotu G) bddoho
menhldrodeG) bbdiF oagc;s Eie (a) phlogopire
@iu@neG) bbdit€ n'sd(ffiib(y) cli@nib
mpbilogno G) t@ft naSGim sicib (v) @g@i4 illib
a'llrr@ bio&o n'nrri@ Ei@ (v) bio&o
aslto (s) |:@ns @!g@l4r# @g@I@
bdim phloEopib (v) phlogopb. nmg'ngrn,@ire (v) glq@d!
bottbiodE (v) pbl€opib m|rq'@ nd8El@ffi
binial di@ |llll@iF @g!ffilw DmgMtl@tu
boelsyib G) biryib dmgfophy[ (v) bidib
bmdilho (v) .!ffi6 @geqpbynno (v) biorib
bmite (Fmcn)( v) .lffie @gepblogopiE (v) @ge@ pbloSopits
@im-biotiF (v) biotib E48Fodib l@
elciobiotie (v) bio&o MEi@glas lr@ib
elcioralc (r) di@ib @iFri@G) c,hodia pk$itq choaie t@ib
@ gold lll]l8ffi mrd4kno 8l'il@fF
d3ilq I@ Effiyehlo dr!@i@
cbselbi@ ir.cso |]l€Im€(Y) bl06!
chlorphaMib BI-'mito I]]€tam@ l]]lrs@ib
cbobbiotib (v) biotib ni@lepidolib lepidolhe
oh@ nie (3) choo;o l@ng ch@ie ph@gib mEEeib (s) fqri4 @ib
Clromglitll@ G) ch@ie|@itq ch@idpbsgib Na hifllo mi€ (e) F&wstit
d@n*h6 ch@iell@vis Na.@ibG) pmiffitito
chy@pbeo dituEn6 @iEffh@)G) I]1ffi
dnB-""r (s) MBM @iuIltF(s) btr@llbo
@Iodb rc3SIib |]@slt@bidib (v) biotit , sodim sidqophyDib
t1lFftrtuphlogopno (v) biodtg sodid pblogppib
@nEdeltb (s) 868,@ ffiEbioiiE (v) biofto
@ib(v) ododpblogopib (v) sodie phloee'pno
qyophylire (v) zimwalditc, ftrrce EilithioDilq I@mrg8fu(3) elcic paagmn€, @lclc €phsilo
to@ polylilhi@tu lickol phlogspi@ (v) rickol@ pblogopi@
dsmi@ t']lls@ib obliqE Bi@ lllllqiE
diddoiu tl]ll!@iE odeib biotile
didJEfE OdiEit bio(i!!
diphmiro (3) @E6ib odith btotbe
dideib (v) cfid@he dr.r6ie b8iem@vtt6
dyritrlttiE 'l@ (rephtAi@ I@
@yhdG) @BEiE oDkophylit
ochlofte (s) biotiF paroritbiod@ G) rnithidib
ftniald@ (s) @-ftnl-@ite p6l-Ei.a G) EA'8Ene
ftnlbiotib (v) biorib PstgliffiG) @Bsi@
ftni-ph@gib (v) ftni@I@ib pi@ph@eib (v) ElgldetllrMviF
ftrrtphlogspi@( v) f6da phlogopilq ffi-ftfripf'b8opib poly-iNiDgiE (v) teprdolit!
ftniriblbiorib (v) botite Pobsh ffi8Eh€ (v) d4@
fdrhrcdeito (v) biciE po@h mi€
f6ri@ib(v) biotiE PregIdiFG)
f@ftni@geib (v) EsgEib Foblithiotrib (v) - zi@wldb, libd @iF, Ethie sid@phylrrt€
tureftnl-t@iEG) ftrde mib pyaophyllbe - lrotFi!€d lllevib q il'lbo
ft@|@vib (v) bio&e Pyhophylit - !ao{Fi@d lIllls@ib 6 [tt6
Rncphlo8opib (v) ftr@ phlogspib Rsbogli@ G) - zideddito
ftrrcphlosopib (v) ftr'@ phlogopta Rhodbddioffi(v) - pfilogopitqbiodb
floSope (s) pllosopbe rhonbic Eie (v) - pblogopno, bicailo
fiuotuilioliE (s) biniolire mesgib - bdl4lIl]l!@ib
F@68laj t]ll@vlE '@@kito = iliE
gSggghnbhha@rloreediEt'cdelgnmqdlbhdsblotit6ioteinrbbpbedimreEahiitenyos fljftbtroe('v ()v) bccli1bccllliihhll1iiboiiorEd@o1ortoidoiirb8dioiieEo-t2@etlM]]vlt3ib@ire sBSBrssBsHyohior€hdkdlbl€ d[dodrssidpnaadliiiikepitb mb€ ihgnqE f(fidlavaiba oG-)l€i @gFn )sGd ii(b&F)Gv (G )B) l)t udG( v)) (s) "-=-F---= 6flggl@lFde€rg€plll]ilcpdepi@@adiibtdoidcddoiif| @6b@obohl)oiipiEiFtr!mafgsd|@iloi,lh e elcic @h6ib
hMhbiibbirRrc|//ic/ndndddinnngrprrr- cgoccnbsdtxmixiislbaeclyyr gii'lyl@El-@(@ibvt si )ioiE(b(rsv it))s G((ss))) teiibfblu@liflld|iihbro"til6hleqd@8 rtoqIidbmeidllfdshlcvs.itodbp hyubo, mi@biodo 3BB@w@btTi@0liooic@dli&ddioiDrbb ihle8@iiStdrilotiEmh@ie bie @ (iplvhh )(ol3((o vs()Sv))(o)Bp)ib G) baehbbtsliiirtdo@prdi&iboi@dt6lliiobtnoE8E
IkhIGoiMlplIiirnjgdib6loi @E(re)lee (v) @Ii6nMii!ibdb@, it6s,i dsofptn@iEq €lrdfdfii-bfori.@itq biorib tEvwvita,'a,@mflududdibimeihoe( dvg )erh a(mv.()i3c()vo) (B) bbcrr@cliifddro@iilFbohdolhloo
lepidodorphito phdgi@ vrdiF chodd@vite
l@@phylb€ G) almineladoit ver@dh(B) 6ladodt!
rildib G) Ispidolno veuib(s) €laddits
r"ilahh (s) lepidolno vm9a Blyds (vF ,t@abnq hlie sDitq lihi@ sidqoph/lbo
li@ Ei6 (s) neg{it! eal('@ib (v) - dhqftl
lithio Ei@ G) Iepidolbo, zi]]@ldbe walwib (v) - clhoib
Lithimiraglimc (s) zidwaldib Waluj@it (Y) E didodo
Lnhimglimq G) lepidolib wodeito (v) - biod€
LilhioDh (B) lepidolbo rchi@ (v) = bioeo
lithimib G) lspldolib xdhophyllito (v) = di4@iE
Iitbimnesili@ (s) lepidolito einigdclims = ttlllsib
Neiles in the left cohrmn strould be abandoned in favor ofthose in the right. The absene ofa symbol in parentheses hdicates casesw here it could not be
decided shetrer the name is a synonlm tr a vsriety. t 'frf' ninval geblwdite hast he brmula PbsO(A+Or)rCk. 'zA ls has bm used to reftr to hemdite.
' 'Raven mica" or 'cros' mi€" itr Russia!-
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NOMENCLATURE OF THE MICAS 9ll
TABLE 6. ILLDEFINED MATERIALS AND MDffUREST TABLE 7. NAMES FORMERIY OR ERRONBOUSLYU SEDF ORM ICAS
scblurit€ I sodiu Eiq ? agatnatolite pyrcphyllite d a niefe with dofiinad pfphyliE
sfropbyllite 8Ei€? a.Umrdite rwtqite
awlito chouiq illite q a miaqal nitrre bmistqite reldql to isledlike modui.ded 2:1 lsts silicds
bsdd@kita @it€udh@dit€ Bildltei! ptrcphyllite or s Eixture with domind Mophy'tit!
brdoln€ iltqdrEd0ed biotit€ ed vmiedits ? cbsl@dite stilpmEele
b@dte id@ffid hotiro md t@i@lite Fercvite itrvalid nsne, hypotheti@l @d-n@bsr
bastonit8 idssbstifed biotit€ ard @ielits fmi|llllswite itrvalid D@q hypotheticsl od-mabq
bm€irito ilite ud nonhdil@ite fnophqgite iwalid nme, hypothetical 6d-m@ber
buldyoit€ biotite md miohe or idslsyq-dedcied UFtiE farosilpnonolre gtilpnonde
@eellite mie od nmgum aadndir SstroPhY[ito modulrted 2: I IEyq siliele
car$pilit€ eltqciq produst *ith dmiud rcvite hydrcbiotile rcgulE I : I ids$Eficdi@ of biode @d miodiE
Frlirmo t@ihedpyrcphylite ironwite itrvalid @q hypothstiql @d-o@bq
chs.altsite illite prodmorph afto ordioito kqite vmiqilite
cyE6olite witomdalbito tttamite rclated to @islito
dudlsyite 8 ffitfte ? manmdouito bom-rich sp@tile
ekosite e megite ? pagodite pyrcp!$ite or a mbore wih dmi!@t pyrQhy[it!
spicblqite m altsed cblorite ? PMffi moduldql 2:l lsyq siliqte
epil@ite @vito ed K-field8psr psdoEorph affs stilp!@hlo@ oodrcnite
@rdisite tamevite regulr 3: I irrasraifcaio of diwtaledral mie md
spisicite illite ? mcrite
erks&ptite 8l6ed biode
qphynite psBgonite ed @vitg q pqagoit€
gigmtolite rcvit€md@rdiqite Note th6 m €ffii6 lid€d in the ld-h@d mlum m re of valtul epcic; thw
hsllqite pamgmiteod llrimmite tlr@ dE trot to bs @Bidqed disedit€d b@& they apper in this table.
helM d@qosed biodte
hmgood nie I de?
bdrlehlogopit€ idsdrEcifed pblogopne ed vmiqdite
hydrcpolyhhimito e ahqed le'pidolite ?
Dedte altqed qdiqirc md atte
ivigtiE rcvito ? sodiru ftarugiru aie ?
krypotile prbably oo1 a Eiq
ledikite imqmded biotite qd vmi@lile
l6lsyite I wi€'ty of @rgrite or a miMal nisrre
lEesvbfiaiqditweil€ Fu obAalb-rliyc ht rboito Id eE i€? . Srrnonyms( s) and varieties (v). The list is basedo n
Meleglim biotitl ? *ilpnmelm ? qoBtedfile ? tabulationso f Heinriche t al. (1953)a ndHey( 1962,
ndsbiotiE wahoiog product of biorite
Mg-ilitshydromica idqstded pblogopito md vmiqiito 1963),m odifieda nd supplementedL.a bels" (s)" or
mingugtite imqmded biotie md @ioJib ? "(v)" could only be attachedw heret herew as sufficient
re rcvite * quffE * othq ph@
Ookoei! wit€i$eErothqphe information. If a seriesn amea ppearst o the right of
@ko8ire @it! t q-ubsiorEtit e+ othq Dhrs ayaiety rathert hana speciesn ame,i t is becausen o
pdlqsEtE trqnded ua vefu srtlte
philadelphte d@ryositi@ pro&rt of biotie, a \@icdite ? morep recisein formationi s available.
pholidolite pblogopite ? spotrito ?
pilits psdomrph EodV of nice anq ordiqitrr
p@dobiotite fnuoteprhterflfiia€de , c @bioptoitleile ed @i@li& or . Tainiolite. The Subcommitteep referst he original
imolsyqd€ff ci€d biolite spellingt ainiolitet o taenioliteT. he spellingo fFlink
pt@lite dqnpositim produc{ of homblode ouistiag
of Eie 8d slksli pyrcme (1899)w asb asedo n Greekw ordst ctvfc (a bando r
mstolyte altqed biotits q ioqlsyq{€dcied biolito strip) and l,fOoq( a stone).I t shouldb e notedt hat the
rub€lla! altaed biotito u imalayc{dci€d biotitq
Ymislito? Russians pellingh asa lwaysb eenr afrsrro.nz'r.
sicite fiegraiad aggrqae of oie-like pbrc
spodiophyli'te po$sibly a dca reLded to tailioliE
tricahedql illne itrqsrarifled biodto strd @i@lib . Tetra-ferri-annite. Inasmuch as Wahl's (1925)
uuaiqliiEal oie Ia bv@iotiiqtsd it?e ? analyticalr esultsd o not maket he casef or IvFe3s* uffi-
rcicfro wedhqhg product ofbiotite or idqlsyqd!flcied ciently strongly, his monrepite was rejected as an
biotite
waddoite anie? end member,w ith tetra-ferri-annitet aking its place.
Parallelw ith it is the namet etra-ferriphlogopite.
* Usge of th* re is disung€d 'nls lhc ill{edrcd mie m sbgtaniaed
bywrcrcb-
AcKNowLencet\G,NTs
Since its establishment in 1976, the Mica Subcom-
. Speis that arc not end members. The Subcomminee mittee benefitted from, and is indebted for, ideas
voted to consider as end members only formulas that offered by a large number of mineralogists; there were
are stoichiometric on the scale of the asymmetric part so many of them that they cannot be acknowledged
of the unit cell. This principle ruled out a number of individually. The votings on the nomenclature in
micast the Subcommiftee decided it would be besr the CNMMN, IMA and the handling of associated
to refer to nonstoichiomefic micas that have a fairly problems were facilitated thanks to the expertise of Joel
constant and recurring composition as"species thqt are D. Grice and William D. Birch. We thank Charlie V.
not end nrcmbers''. The micas so designated are Guidotti and Robert F. Martin for valuable final
montdorite, trilithionite and wonesite, comments on the text and tables.
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9t2 THE CANADIAN MINERALOGIST
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