Nixon in the World: American Foreign Relations, 1969-1977 PDF
Preview Nixon in the World: American Foreign Relations, 1969-1977
Nixon in the World This page intentionally left blank Nixon in the World American Foreign Relations, 1969–1977 Edited by Fredrik Logevall and Andrew Preston 1 2008 1 Oxford University Press, Inc., publishes works that further Oxford University’s objective of excellence in research, scholarship, and education. Oxford New York Auckland Cape Town Dar es Salaam Hong Kong Karachi Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Nairobi New Delhi Shanghai Taipei Toronto With offi ces in Argentina Austria Brazil Chile Czech Republic France Greece Guatemala Hungary Italy Japan Poland Portugal Singapore South Korea Switzerland Thailand Turkey Ukraine Vietnam Copyright © 2008 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Nixon in the world: American foreign relations, 1969–1977 / edited by Fredrik Logevall and Andrew Preston. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-19-531535-6; 978-0-19-531536-3 (pbk.) 1. United States— Foreign relations—1969–1974. 2. United States—Foreign relations— 1974–1977. 3. Nixon, Richard M. (Richard Milhous), 1913–1994— Political and social views. 4. Kissinger, Henry, 1923—Political and social views. 5. Ford, Gerald R., 1913–2006—Political and social views. I. Logevall, Fredrik, 1963– II. Preston, Andrew 1973– E855.N46 2008 973.924—dc22 2007048019 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 Printed in the United States of America on acid-free paper Acknowledgments Inverting the traditional progression of most edited volumes, Nixon in the World began life as a book long before it was the subject of a conference. But against all expectations, we were able to hold a conference around the book’s chapters. It would be terribly remiss of us, then, not to thank Bob McMahon, the generous inspiration—not to mention the source of planning and funding—behind the conference. We will never forget Bob’s offer, which came totally out of the blue, to host a workshop on the chapters of this book at his home institution, Ohio State University. In December 2006, in a semi- nar room at Ohio State’s Mershon Center for International Security Studies, each of our contributors presented a draft of their chapter; each chapter was then commented upon by an outside participant, usually from Ohio State but in some cases from farther away. Richard Herrmann, the Director of the Mershon Center, not only graciously provided space and amenities, but was also an enthusiastic participant. Ann Powers organized everything—from travel and hotel arrangements to a steady supply of coffee—with such effi - ciency that the workshop participants were free to focus on the task at hand. We were exceptionally fortunate to have an all-star roster of commentators and are grateful for their valuable and stimulating participation. In every case, they have enabled us to write better chapters and thus to put together a much better book. And so, for participating as commentators, we would like to thank the following: from Ohio State, Carole Fink, Peter Hahn, Ted Hopf, John Mueller, Jason Parker (now at Texas A&M), Randall Schweller, and Alexander Wendt; from Ohio University, Alonzo Hamby and Chester Pach; from Bowling Green, Gary Hess; from Miami University, Jeffrey Kimball; and from the University of Akron, Walter Hixson. We are also grateful to vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS many others from Ohio State, and beyond, for participating in the work- shop on a more informal basis by attending the sessions and providing excel- lent commentary during the discussions. Our deepest thanks again to Bob and everyone at Ohio State for putting on such a memorable and valuable event. We are also, of course, indebted to the excellent staff at Oxford University Press. Mary Kelly did an outstanding job to streamline the text of several chapters on disparate subjects written by a wide range of people. Most of all, we’re grateful to our editor, the talented and indefatigable Susan Ferber, who had the faith in us to embrace our project and the expertise to improve it in innumerable ways. Abbreviations in the Notes DNSA Digital National Security Archive FRUS Foreign Relations of the United States (Washington: Government Printing Offi ce) GRFL Gerald R. Ford Library, Ann Arbor, Michigan NARA National Archives II, College Park, Maryland NPMP Nixon Presidential Materials Project, National Archives II, College Park, Maryland NSA National Security Archive, George Washington University, Washington, D.C. PPP Public Papers of the Presidents of the United States: Richard Nixon (Washington: Government Printing Offi ce) This page intentionally left blank Contents Contributors xi Introduction: The Adventurous Journey of Nixon in the World 3 Fredrik Logevall and Andrew Preston Part I: Parameters 1 An Elusive Grand Design 25 Jussi M. Hanhimäki 2 Nixon as Statesman: The Failed Campaign 45 David Greenberg 3 Henry Kissinger and American Grand Strategy 67 Jeremi Suri 4 Salesmanship and Substance: The Infl uence of Domestic Policy and Watergate 85 Dominic Sandbrook Part II: Openings 5 Nixon, Kissinger, and the Opening to China 107 Margaret MacMillan 6 Nuclear Nixon: Ironies, Puzzles, and the Triumph of Realpolitik 126 Francis J. Gavin
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