NF-κB/Rel Transcription Factor Family

201 Pages·2006·4.119 MB·English

by  Tom Huxford, Gourisankar Ghosh (auth.), Hsiou-Chi Liou Ph.D. (eds.)

MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
INTELUGENCE
UNIT
NF-KB/Rel Transcription
Factor Family
Hsiou-Chi Liou, Ph.D.
Division of Immunology
Department of Medicine
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
New York, New York, U.S.A.
LANDES BIOSCIENCE / EUREKAH.COM SPRINGER SciENCE+BUSINESS MEDIA
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NF-KB/REL TRANSCMPTION FACTOR FAMILY
Molecular Biology Intelligence Unit
Landes Bioscience / Eurekah.com
Springer Science+Business Media, LLC
ISBN: 0-387-33572-2 Printed on acid-free paper.
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9 8 7 6 5 4 3 21
Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Liou, Hsiou-Chi.
NF-kB/Rel transcription factor family / Hsiou-Chi Liou.
p.; cm. ~ (Molecular biology intelligence unit)
Includes index.
ISBN 0-387-33572-2
1. NF-kappa B (DNA-binding protein) 2. Transcription factors. I. Tide. II. Series: Molecular biology
intelligence unit (Unnumbered)
[DNLM: 1. NF-kappa B. 2. Transcription Factors. QU 475 L763n 2006]
QP552.N46L56 2006
6ll'.018166~dc22
2006013944
Dedication
This book is dedicated to Dr. David Baltimore
for his pioneer work in the NF-KB field
and leadership in several fi-ontiers of biomedical sciences.
CONTENTS
Foreword xiii
Preface xix
1. Structural Analysis of NF-KB and IKB Proteins 1
Tom Huxfordand Gourisankar Ghosh
NF-KB Structure 4
NF-KB/DNA Complex 6
NF-KB/IKB Complex 7
NF-KB p50 Homodimer/RNA Aptamer Complex 9
2. NF-KB Signal Transduction by IKK Complexes 12
Zhi' Wei Li and Michael Karin
NF-KB, IKB, IKK and the Canonical Pathway
for NF-KB Activation 12
IKKa and Noncanonical Pathway for NF-KB Activation 15
Modification of NF-KB and Its Signaling Molecules 17
Molecules Involved in Multiple NF-KB Activation
Signaling Pathway 19
3. Receptors and Adaptors for NF-KB Signaling 26
ShaO'Cong Sun and Edward W. Harhaj
Antigen Receptors 26
Receptor-Proximal Signaling Events 26
Toll-Like Receptors 30
TNF Receptor Superfamily 32
Other Receptors Mediating NF-KB Activation 36
4. Cellular Dynamics of NF-KB Associated Proteins 41
Daliya Banerjee andRanjan Sen
Nucleocytoplasmic Shutding of IKB Proteins 41
Signal Induced Degradation of IKB Proteins AA
Shutding of IKB Kinase Components 46
Shuttling of Rel Proteins Aj
5. NF-KB in Lymphopoiesis 51
Estefania Claudioy Keith Brown and Ulrich Siebenlist
NF-KB in Early Stages of Lymphocyte Development 51
Double Negative, PreTCR^ Thymocytes 54
Double Positive Thymocytes 54
Single-Positive Thymocytes and Peripheral T Cells 56
6. NF-KB and Immune Cell Effector Fmictions 70
Hsiou-Chi Liou, Biao Feng, Wenzhi Tian, Shuhua Cheng
and Constance Y. Hsia
Brief Overview of the Immune System 70
NF-KB and Innate Immunity 71
NF-KB in Dendritic Cells 72
NF-KB in T Cell Development and Selection 7A
NF-KB in T Cell Effector Function 75
NF-KB in B Lymphocyte Clonal Expansion
and Cell Fate Determination 77
NF-KB in the Germinal Center Immune Response 78
7. Roles of NF-KB in Autoimmunity 84
Stacey Garrett and Youhai H. Chen
Roles of NF-KB in T Cell Development 84
Roles of NF-KB in Mature Lymphocytes 85
Roles of NF-KB in Apoptosis, Proliferation and Autoimmunity 86
Roles of NF-KB in Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis and Diabetes 87
8. The Central Role of NF-KB in the Regulation of Immunity
to Infection 91
Cristina M. Tato and Christopher A. Hunter
NF-KB: An Evolutionarily Conserved System Associated
with Innate Immunity 93
Toll-Like Receptors and Innate Immunity 93
The Role of NF-KB in Resistance to Infection 94
Pathogens That Interfere with NF-KB 100
9. Molecular Basis of Oncogenesis by NF-KB:
From a Bird's Eye View to a RELevant Role in Cancer 112
Yongjun Fany Jui Dutta, Nupur Gupta and Ciline Gilinas
Constitutive Rel/NF-KB Aaivity Is a Hallmark
of Many Human Cancers 113
Molecular Basis for Oncogenesis by Rel/NF-KB 117
Functional Consequences of Rel/NF-KB-Mediated
Gene Activation in Oncogenesis 119
Other Means for NF-KB to Participate in Oncogenesis 121
Conclusions and Perspectives for Therapy 122
10. NF-KB in Human Cancers 131
Elaine J. Schattner^ Richard K Furman and Alejandro Bemal
NF-KB Controls Cellular Proliferation, Adhesion and Survival 132
Tumors in Which NF-KB Is Implicated in Pathogenesis 133
Virus-Associated Tumors 135
Inhibition of NF-KB in Cancer Treatment 136
11. NF-KB in Neurons: Behavioral and Physiologic Roles
in Nervous System Function 147
Jonathan M. Levensony Marina Pizzi and J. David Sweatt
A Synaptic Messenger 147
Signaling Pathways That Regulate Neuronal NF-KB 149
Glutamate 150
Growth Factors 150
Calcium 150
Reactive Oxygen Species 150
Protein Kinases 150
A Model for Activation of NF-KB in Neurons 151
Synaptic Plasticity 152
Memory Formation 154
Fear Motivated Learning: An Explanation 154
Fear Potentiated Startle 155
Fear Conditioning 155
Radial Arm Maze 157
12. Inhibitors of NF-KB Activity:
Tools for Treatment of Human Ailments 162
Vinay Tergaonkar, Qiutang Li and Inder M. Verma
Inhibition of NF-KB Can Be Achieved at Multiple Points
in the Pathway 163
Biological Inhibitors 163
Synthetic Inhibitors 168
Future Directions 170
Index 179
EDITOR
Hsiou-Chi Liou
Division of Immunology
Department of Medicine
Weill Medical College of Cornell University
New York, New York, U.S.A.
Email: [email protected]
Preface, Chapter 6
CONTRIBUTORS
Daliya Banerjee Shuhua Cheng
Department of Biology Division of Immunology
Brandeis University Department of Medicine
Waltham, Massachusetts, U.S.A Weill Medical College
Chapter 4 of Cornell University
New York, New York, U.S.A.
Alejandro Bernal Chapter 6
Division of Hematology
and Medical Oncology Estefania Claudio
Weill Medical College Laboratory of Immunoregulation
of Cornell University NL\ID
New York, New York, U.S.A. National Institutes of Health
Chapter 10 Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Chapter 5
Keith Brown
Laboratory of Immunoregulation Jui Dutta
NIAID Center for Advanced Biotechnology
National Institutes of Health and Medicine
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A Graduate Program in Biochemistry
Chapter 5 and Molecular Biology
University of Medicine and Dentistry
Youhai H. Chen of New Jersey
Department of Pathology Piscataway, New Jersey, U.S A.
and Laboratory Medicine Chapter 9
School of Medicine
University of Pennsylvania Yongjim Fan
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A. Center for Advanced Biotechnology
Email: [email protected] and Medicine
Chapter 7 University of Medicine and Dentistry
of New Jersey
Piscataway, New Jersey, U.S A.
Chapter 9
Biao Feng Nupur Gupta
Division of Immunology Center for Advanced Biotechnology
Department of Medicine and Medicine
Weill Medical College Graduate Program in Biochemistry
of Cornell University and Molecular Biology
New York, New York, U.SA University of Medicine and Dentistry
Chapter 6 of New Jersey
Piscataway, New Jersey, U.SA.
Richard R- Furman Chapter 9
Division of Hematology
and Medical Oncology Edward W. Harhaj
Weill Medical College Department of Microbiology
of Cornell University and Immunology
New York, New York, U.SA and
Chapter 10 Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center
University of Miami School of Medicine
Stacey Garrett Miami, Florida, U.S.A.
Department of Pathology Chapter 3
and Laboratory Medicine
School of Medicine Constance Y. Hsia
University of Pennsylvania SG Cowen & Co.
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.SA New York, New York, U.SA
Chapter? Chapter 6
Cdine Gdinas Christopher A. Hunter
Center for Advanced Biotechnology Department of Pathobiology
and Medicine School of Veterinary Medicine
Department of Biochemistry University of Pennsylvania
Robert Wood Johnson Medical School Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
University of Medicine and Dentistry Email: [email protected]
of New Jersey Chapter 8
Piscataway, New Jersey, U.SA
Email: [email protected] Tom Huxford
Chapter 9 Department of Chemistry
and Biochemistry '
Gourisankar Ghosh University of California, San Diego
Department of Chemistry La Jolla, California, U.SA.
and Biochemistry Email: [email protected]
University of California, San Diego Chapter 1
La Jolla, California, U.SA.
Email: [email protected] Michael Karin
Chapter 1 Department of Pharmacology
School of Medicine
University of California, San Diego
La Jolla, California, U.SA.
Email: [email protected]
Chapter 2
Jonathan M. Levenson Ranjan Sen
Department of Neuroscience Laboratory of Cellular
Baylor College of Medicine and Molecular Biology
Houston, Texas, U.S.A. National Institute on Aging
and Baltimore, Maryland, U.S A
Department of Pharmacology Email: [email protected]
The Waisman Center Forewordy Chapter 4
for Human Development
University of Wisconsin Medical School Ulrich Siebenlist
Madison, Wisconsin, U.S.A. Laboratory of I mmunoregulation
Email: [email protected] NL\ID
Chapter 11 National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
Qiutang Li Email: [email protected]
Laboratory of Genetics Chapter 5
The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
La JoUa, California, U.S A. Shao-Cong Sun
Chapter 12 Department of Microbiology
and Immimology
Zhi-WeiLi Pennsylvania State University
H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center College of Medicine
and Research Institute Hershey, Pennsylvania, U.S.A
Department of Interdisciplinary Email: [email protected]
Oncology Chapter 3
University of South Florida
Tampa, Florida, U.S.A. J. David Sweatt
Email: [email protected] Department of Neuroscience
Chapter 2 Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas, U.S.A.
Marina Pizzi Email: [email protected]
Division of Pharmacology Chapter 11
and Experimental Therapeutics
Department of Biomedical Sciences Cristina M. Tato
and Biotechnologies Department of Pathobiology
School of Medicine School of Veterinary Medicine
University of Brescia University of Pennsylvania
Brescia, Italy Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
Email: [email protected] Chapter 8
Chapter 11
Vinay Tergaonkar
Elaine J. Schattner Laboratory of Genetics
Department of Medicine The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Weill Medical College La JoUa, California, U.S.A.
of Cornell University Email: [email protected]
New York, New York, U.S.A. Chapter 12
Email: [email protected]
Chapter 10
Wenzhi Tian Inder M. Verma
Division of Immunology Laboratory of Genetics
Department of Medicine The Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Weill Medical College La Jolla, California, U.S A.
of Cornell University Email: [email protected]
New York, New York, U.S.A. Chapter 12
Chapter 6