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( L Fulfillment/PrintingforINPUT Bv ProgramCode ProjectCodeC. Title:l^eA 6&AC INPUTP.0.* BACRef.* A^lit<ifhlP5 fcrA^gi Reports F.vecutiveOV Report Fulfillment Fulfill. J^UResearchBulletin Stock Stock Profiles TUPkg. Newsletter Total Total Reprints Other ResearchBulletin Newsletter Fulfillment Fulfill. Fulfillment-Pleaseprintlisttoordercovers» flzxip- TCOo:veGrBsCOrder Date/FedXGBC DateDueINPUT Date DateRec.INPUT Quantity Color Size P.0.Number Date C-3CControlNumber PLEASEPRINT labels packingslips To: BAC TOBRADFORDADAMS Folder Disk HardCopy BlueForm Dates GBCCover ForSetUp/Proof ProofrtntoINPUT _ FinalproofrtntoBA_ ScheduledtoShip Instructions: WindowCover HotStrip 3-HoleDrill Staple ShrinkWra'p Other 'ReturntoINPUT ShipDate. Originals/Diskin ForStock: RP. OV RB. PR InternalsforDisJ Internationalfor Other INPUTaddstockquantitytoinventoryreport Vol.Ill,No.2 1997 Next Generation of Client/Server Applications Emerging SmartStreamLeadsPack Broker(ORB)technologyisintegratedinto Anumberoflargesoftwarevendorshave Webbrowsers,nextgenerationapplications object-orientedversionsoftheirclient/server basedoncomponents,suchasJava,willbegin enterpriseapplicationsforthcoming,butGeac toreplacetraditionalclient/server SmartStreamleadsthepackoflargevendors, applications. andalreadyoffersanextgenerationHR Thesenextgenerationclient/server application. GeacSmartStreamhasalready applicationspromisetolowermaintenance startedtore-architectandmigratetheir andtrainingcosts,andsupportawiderrange SmartStreamapplicationtotheInternet ofdistributedclientsandservers. Notonlydo pllaantgfuoargmebayndusCinOgRtBheAJIaIvOaPpsrtoagndraarmdm,ing tthheeisreraepapclhictaoticounsstoamlelrosw,csoumpppalniieressatnodextend designedtoovercometheobstaclesof businesspartners,butalsoallowapplications traditionalclient/serverapplications. tolinkandinteractwithotherapplications Secondgenerationclient/serversystems andservicesacrosscorporateboundaries. introducedamiddletiertoimprovelogicreuse GeacSmartStreamaddressesthe andallowuserstomixandmatchdifferent requirementsfornextgenerationapplications databases. Butsomelogicanddataremained andoffersflexibility,application,andcost ontheclients,requiringuserstodeploy, advantagestoitscustomers. updateandmaintainplatform-specific,client- sidesoftware. BenefitsofNextGeneration Applications Nextgenerationclient/serversystemsbring Theclient/servereraemergedasameansof thecomputingworldbacktothedaysof addressingtheissueofmanagingdesktop mainframemaintenancebyeliminatingstored systemsinanenterpriseenvironment. client-sidesoftware. Theseapplicationsare Traditionalclient/serversystemsrelyon developedonaplatformwhichfusestheease proprietarynetworkprotocols,whereas3rd ofuseanddeploymentoftheInternetwiththe generationclient/serversystemsusetheopen, performanceandextendabilityoftoday’s Internetprotocol. Architecturaldifferencesof client/servertechnologies. AsObjectRequest ©1997byINPUT.Reproductionprohibited. CLRB INPUTResearchBulletin client/serversystemsaresummarizedin applications. Keyamongtheseareapplication Exhibit1. flexibilityandre-configurability,open applicationinteraction,continuousapplication TheInternethasbroughtaboutarevolution enhancement,lowerITcosts,andapplications incomputingandwilloffermanybenefitsto thatextendbeyondtheboundariesofthe usersofnextgenerationclient/server enterprise. Exhibit1 ArchitecturalCharacteristicsofClient/ServerSystems Need 1stGeneration 2ndGeneration 3rdGeneration Scope 2-tier 3-tier n-tier Networkprotocol Proprietary Proprietary Open(TCP/IP) Client-sidesoftware Platform-specific Platform-specific Platform-independent Userinterface GUI GUI Visualobjects Middleware Storedprocedures ORBsoverProprietary ORBsoverIntenet Networks (HOP) Re-useofbusinesslogic No Yes Yes Messaging middletier,similartosecond-generation Thecrucialpieceofdistributedobject applications,whichallowsuserstouseany computingwhichdrivesbothflexibilityand typeorcombinationofstandarddatabase scalabilityismessaging. Through solutions. encapsulationtheapplicationisshieldedfrom HardwareAdvantages theoperatingenvironmentandseparate Itisimpossibleindevelopinganddesigning discretebusinessprocessesfromoneanother. third-generationsystemstopredicttherange omeEsrevearescdvnsihetafrfgocefesar.utenphnpebtEsleapeyclaiaphnctrgldofiicoiesernncsmftrssoerertasemeqanctubdaieunossisntir,iniunenongsvrsooibknnpoefrttdoohhrcvemetiasoastsaiaoomrne,a otssNfeheereptcvalsleircirefaanestptoeseafdnoaadfrnrssbdoyermsrOotvpwseeseemrren.svreslMrCiasklf.reirlekoynHemtettsnoccoanbermeee,pesadiIunnnptictopreeoebsrarenstleiietkndegloyver anotherevent. beingusedasplatformsforthird-generation applications. Scalability Applicationsserversbuiltonadistributedand Servers secdcacalinpaisppvletlaianribrtbiclo/lbaesenutetmioraeofevrdnnehcrthaapirpnattopdpoecllpceialitscinnusacgritaneni-tlgotioc.nioaasendnrTssahesnarinclderavsqdliooue-rfiigofornenrpetnmtodreeimorbnmdayttiut,hzcirieoenneag-tier bbNdrtsouieyhesspaxbtcirrtelrneeiiesgtebtseaenuhsnitnteltseeaordcaparacpeostrrldemiaoirtomcsnvonasgeotrseantipsphoe,opefcnfliuespiIfapirncotoctariunetcraorieepbwno/spjenhpletsoieic.fcrctuafsihttToinitlrhtrooieemenzsrabesifnse,daececbareivcunpectgoreistswnhsiteetsdyh 2 ©1997byINPUT.Reproductionprohibited. INPUTResearchBulletin legacycodeanddatabasesanddelivering clientsessionssothattransactionscanbe applicationservicestoclientdevices. The completedorrolledbackifaclientshouldlose term“Applicationserver”isalogical aconnectionwithaserverinthemiddleofa distinctionandmaybecombinedwithWebor transaction. objectservers. Nextgenerationapplicationsallowremote Clients branchesandexternalorganizationsto Becauseapplicationsareindependentofthe connectintomainstreamcorporate underlyingtargetclientdevice,thesame environments. Theyenhancetheabilityto applicationisdynamicallydownloadable, furtherextendtheirreachto“casual"and withoutmodification,toabroadrangeof traditionalendusersinandoutsideofan clientdevicesincluding“smart”telephones, enterprise. point-of-saledevices,PCs,workstations, Internetappliances,set-topboxesandmore. InteractionwithOtherApplications INPUTestimatesthatover34%oftheclient Thethird-generationiswhereleading-edge devicespurchasedbycorporationswillbe usersareabletoaccelerateprocessesthemost Internetappliancesornetworkcomputersby byfinkingsystemsacrossenterprise theyear2000. boundaries. Tfohristhweislelenenxsturgeentehreawtiidoensatppploiscsaitbiloensa.udiNeenxcte Twihlilrpdrgoveindeera"tpiloungcalinedntp/lsaeyr"vecrapaapbpilliictaiteisownisth generationapplicationswillallowcompanies othernextgenerationenterprisesystems,or toselecttheclient-sidedevicewiththebest applicationobjects. Theseapplicationsenable price/performanceforeachparticularuser. transactionstocrossenterpriseboundaries Andnextgenerationarchitectureareresident andinteractwithmorethanonebusiness tnoetcwhoarnkgetsecihnnoulnodgeirelsy.inghardwareand uapnpdleirclaytiionng,oebjveecntipfrtohgeyraumsmeidnigfflearenngtuages. ApplicationCharacteristics Nextgenerationapplicationsbreakthe enterprisesoftwaremonopolymodelandallow Withnextgenerationclient/server companiestoselectbest-of-breedcomponents applications,objectbrowsersandcross- tobuildenterprisesolutions platform,architecture-neutralcomponents replaceplatform-specific,client-sidesoftware. InteractionwithOtherServices Applicationsarebuiltfromcomponentsthat Third-generationclient/serverapplicationscan assembleinreal-timeattheclientdevice. makeuseofotherInternetservicesavailable oncorporateIntranets. Theseclient/serverapplicationsofferseveral advantagesoverearlygenerationclient/server Theseservicesincludedirectory(LDAP), applications. networkadministration(SNMP),namingsuch asDNSorcommonInternetfilesystem OpenApplicationInteraction (CIFS),security,eventsandworkflow. These ManagedInteractionwithClients servicesareaccessiblebyobjectsandallowIT Nextgenerationapplicationsmaintain managerstocentrallymanageenterprise informationaboutthesessionwiththeclient applications. andabouttheclient’scurrentstateby employingtheHOPovertheInternet. They alsohaveamechanismformanagingthe 3 ©1997byINPUT.Reproductionprohibited. rr.r INPUTResearchBulletin Self-Service Anotheradvantageofnextgeneration Nextgenerationapplicationscreateanew applicationsisthatthereisnoneedtomove businessparadigmof"self-service”, desktopcomputerfileswhenapersonis empoweringtheindividualusertoperform moved. Allpermanent-stateinformationis dataprocessingtaskstypicallyassignedto maintainedintheapplicationserver,noton trainedadministrativestaff. thedesktop.Companiesareabletoswap componentsinandoutofasystemtosupport Withobjectbrowsers,nextgeneration newhardware,failedclientdevices,andmake softwarewillemphasizeselfservice,by businesschanges. extendinginformationandapplicationaccess LessTraining andupdatingcapabilitiestoeveryemployee, supplier,andcustomer. TdheisirgdngeednweiratthitohnecWlieebnt/bsreorwvsererasppilnicmaitnido.nsare ContinuousApplication Applicationsthataresimplyconnectedtoa Enhancement Webbrowserdonotlendthemselvestothe Multi-tiered,object-orientedapplicationsallow Webexperience. Applicationswhichfallunder forfastincrementalimprovementofsoftware. thiscategoryarere-architectedinorderto Nextgenerationapplicationswhichutilize retaintheWebformattowhichusershave objecttechnologiesandplatform-independent becomeaccustomed. ThefamiliarWeb programminginfrastructurescaneasily interfaceleadstoreducedtrainingcosts. handletheevolutionofacompany’sbusiness model. Theypresentdatainameaningful,intuitive manner. Usersofnextgeneration Applicationswillexistasasetofobjects, applicationsrequirelesstrainingthanthose businessrules,anddatamodelsinanobject usingtraditionaluserinterfaces. repository. Theseobjects,businessrulesand Conclusion datamodelsareindependentofanyspecific platform,database,orexecutionenvironment. Nextgenerationapplicationscanprovide Withrepositories,userswillbeabletotake quantumimprovementsinenterprise-wide advantageofimprovementsincomputing softwaremaintenanceandre-usability. Itwill tapepclhincoaltoigoyn.withouthavingtore-engineerthe dapopmliincaattieontshedfeuvteulroepmoefnsto.ftNwaerxetsgeernveircaestiaonnd enterprisesoftwarewillhavetobe CostCharacteristics implementedusingobjecttechnologybecause LessMaintenauce currentproceduralmethodsandtoolscannot rCleideunctedsowfittwharneexmtangeangeermateinotniasppglriecaattliyons. All ssuypsptoermtatnhdencoemtpwloerxkitmyaonfatgheemoepnetranteiendgedto code,dataandconfigurationinformationis controltheinfrastructure. storedandmanagedcentrally. Useofother TheInternetandobjectbrowserswill Internetservicessuchasdirectory,naming acceleratethemovementtowardstheuseof andsecuritydecreasesITadministrationcosts objectstocreatenetwork-awaxeapplications becauseindividualapplicationpreferencesare thatextendbeyondtheboundariesofthe storedcentrally. corporation. TqhuiesstRieosnesaorrchcoBmumlleenttisnirseigsasrudeidngasthpiasrbtuollfeItiNnP,UplTesasCeliceonntt/aScetryveorurSolfoctawlarIeNPPrUoTgroarmg.aniIzfaytoiuonhoarveGaarnyy Lundbergat: INPUT,1881LandingsDrive,MountainView,CA94043-0848,Ph.(415)528-6341. 4 ©1997byINPUT.Reproductionprohibited.