New species in the Anthonomus salvini group (coleoptera: Curculionidae: Anthonomini)

7 Pages·1996·5.1 MB·

by  W E Clark

PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH.
98(2), 1996, pp. 267-273
NEW SPECIES IN THE ANTHONOMUS SALVINI GROUP (COLEOPTERA:
CURCULIONIDAE: ANTHONOMIND)
WAYNE E. CLARK
Department of Entomology and Alabama Agricultural Experiment Station, Auburn Uni-
versity, AL 36849-5413, U.S.A.
Abstract.(cid:8212)Three neotropical anthonomine weevil species, Anthonomus salvini Burke
(Brazil, Costa Rica, México, Nicaragua, Venezuela) and two new species, A. stockwelli
(Panama) and A. werneri (Brazil), are assigned to the Anthonomus salvini group. The
group and included species are described and a key to the species is presented. The habitus
and legs of the three species and the aedeagi of two of the species are illustrated with
photographs. The A. salvini group is hypothesized to be most closely related to the A.
marmoratus group.
Key Words: Coleoptera, Curculionoidea, Curculionidae, Anthonomini, Anthonomus sal-
vini, Anthonomus stockwelli, Anthonomus werneri, Luehea, TYiliaceae
Anthonomus salvini Burke (1979) was Tallahassee, Florida, USA (CWOB); Collec-
described from specimens from Costa Rica tion of H. P. Stockwell, Smithsonian Tropi-
reared from flower buds of Luehea speciosa cal Research Institute, Panama (HPSC); Mu-
Willd. (Tiliaceae). The species was said to seu de Zoologia, Universidade de Sao Paulo,
closely resemble an undescribed species Sao Paulo, Brazil (MZSP); Texas A&M
from Panama, but these two species were University, College Station, Texas, USA
said (cid:8220)... not [to] appear to be especially (TAMU); National Museum of Natural His-
closely related to any other species of An- tory, Washington, D.C., USA (USNM).
thonomus and probably [to] form a distinct Measurements were made according to cri-
species group within the genus.(cid:8221)(cid:8217) The pur- teria described by Clark (1994). Exact label
pose of this paper is to describe that unde- data are cited for types. Separate labels are
scribed species, also known to be associated indicated by brackets ([]), each separate line
with Luehea, along with a third species, by a virgule (/).
previously undescribed, from Brazil. These
three species form the Anthonomus salvini THE ANTHONOMUS SALVINI GROUP
group.
Recognition.(cid:8212)The species in the A. sal-
vini group (Figs. 1(cid:8212)6) are middle-sized
MATERIALS AND METHODS
(length 2.16(cid:8212)4.70 mm) Anthonomus with 7-
Specimens of 84 adult weevils were ex- segmented antennal funiculus, ferruginous
amined. These are from the collections of integument and ochreous to ferrugino-tes-
the following individuals and institutions taceous scales on the head, rostrum, pro-
(abbreviations identify the collections in the notum, elytra and legs. The profemur is
text): Auburn University Entomological strongly inflated and much larger than the
Collections, Auburn University, Alabama, meso- and metafemora; it bears a large ven-
USA (AUEM); Collection of C. W. O(cid:8217) Brien, tral tooth and a smaller, more anteroventral
268 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
Figs 1-6. Anthonomus salvini group members, habitus, lateral and dorsal views. 1, 2, A. salvini, male,
Granada, Nicaragua. 3, 4, A. stockwelli, male, holotype. 5, 6, A. werneri, female, holotype.
tooth (Figs. 7-10), both on a common base 0.8X width of rostrum at base. Rostrum:
in two of the species (Figs. 7, 8, 10). In strongly tricarinate. Prothorax: pronotum
addition, the pro- and mesotibiae each have with narrow median carina in basal %. Ely-
a well-developed ventral prominence, a tra: interstriae subequal in width and slight
long, slender, slightly curved apical uncus convexity. Legs: profemur strongly inflated;
and a large, stout, preapical spine (Figs. 7, protibia with well-developed midventral
9-11) and the pronotum has a narrow lon- prominence (Figs. 7, 9, 10); pro- and me-
gitudinal carina in the basal %. sotibiae each with a long, slender, slightly
The species also share the following char- curved apical uncus and a large, stout,
acters: Head: eyes round, slightly, nearly preapical spine (Figs. 7, 9-11); metatibia
evenly convex, separated by distance ca. straight, with slender apical mucro (Fig. 12).
VOLUME 98, NUMBER 2 269
ra 3 11 12
Figs 7-12. Anthonomus salvini group members, legs. 7, 8, prothoracic leg, A. salvini, female. 9, Prothoracic
leg, A. stockwelli, female. 10, Prothoracic leg, A. werneri, female. 11, Mesothoracic leg, A. stockwelli, female.
12, Metathoracic leg, A. stockwelli, female.
Plant associations.(cid:8212)Two of the species Rica, México, Nicaragua, Panama and Ven-
in the A. salvini group are reported from ezuela.
plants in the genus Luehea Willd. (Tili- Relationships.(cid:8212)The A. salvini group ap-
aceae). One of these, A. salvini, is repre- pears to be most closely related to the A.
sented by specimens reared from flower marmoratus group. The greatly inflated
buds of the host plant (Burke 1979:208). A profemur and the structure of the profe-
single Brazilian specimen of A. salvini is moral teeth of the species of the A. salvini
labelled (cid:8220)(cid:8216)Sapindaceae sp.(cid:8221)(cid:8217) group are similar to those of some of the
Distribution.(cid:8212)The species in the A. sal- species in the A. marmoratus group (cf.
vint group are known from Brazil, Costa Clark 1992, Figs. 18, 19). Other anthon-
270 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
13 14
Figs. 13-14. Anthonomus salvini group members, aedeagus. 13, A. salvini, Grenada, Nicaragua. 14, A.
stockwelli, holotype.
omines also have similar teeth, however. coalesce into loose tufts on prothorax and el-
More interesting is the similarity in arma- ytra (Figs. 5, 6) A. werneri, n. sp.
(cid:8212) Body with uniform vestiture of slender,
ture of the apices of the pro- and mesoti-
ochreous, recumbent scales, without suberect
biae. The pro- and mesotibiae of some
scales (Figs. 1(cid:8212)4)
members of the A. marmoratus group, like 2. Profemur with a large, broadly triangular ven-
the species in the A. salvini group, have un- tral tooth and a smaller, more distal ventral
usually large (for anthonomines) apical tooth sharing a common base (Figs. 7, 8); el-
ytra strongly convex (Fig. 1); aedeagus nar-
unci. More distinctive are the large ventral,
rowly rounded at apex (Fig. 13)
preapical spines that characterize some of
the species in the A. marmoratus group and (cid:8212) Profemur with a long, slender ventral tooth and
the similar but even larger spines in the A. a smaller, widely separated, more distal ventral
salvini group (cf. Figs. 7, 9-11, and Clark tooth that does not share a common base (Fig.
9); elytra less strongly convex (Fig. 3); aede-
1992, Figs. 18(cid:8212)20). Strictly speaking, these
agus more broadly rounded at apex (Fig. 14)
similarities indicate that the A. salvini group
ahaciaitylbe Soe eed ak ee ee A. stockwelli, n. sp.
is sister to only a subgroup of the A. mar-
moratus group. This relationship is called
into question, however, by the fact that the Anthonomus salvini Burke
development of the preapical tooth exhibits (Figs: 1) 25) 7e. sels)
a more marked sexual dimorphism in the A.
Anthonomus salvini Burke 1979:206, 208.
marmoratus group (Clark 1992). The spe-
Holotype (male). COSTA RICA. Guan-
cies in the A. salvini group do not have fas-
acaste: [Santa Rosa National Park/ Guan-
cicles of broad, rounded scales around the
acaste Prov., COSTA RICA. D. H. Jan-
elytral strial punctures like those in mem-
zen 12 Dec/ 1978-10 Jan 1979.] [ex
bers of the A. marmoratus group. Nor do
flower buds/ Luehea/ speciosa] [HOLO-
the species in the A. marmoratus group
TYPE/ Anthonomus/ salvini/ Burke]
have a pronotal carina. Known hosts of
(USNM).
members of the A. marmoratus group are
members of the plant family Fabaceae Recognition characters(cid:8212)(cid:8212)Burke (1979:
(Clark 1992). 206, 208) provided a detailed description of
A. salvini, asserting that the species (cid:8220)
KEY TO SPECIES IN THE ANTHONOMUS may be easily recognized by its robust
SALVINI GROUP form, uniformly distributed pubescence,
median carina on the pronotum and greatly
1. Body with admixture of long, slender, attenu-
enlarged profemur with the two teeth dis-
ate, ferrugino-testaceous, recumbent scales and
similar but slightly longer, suberect scales that tinctly separated.(cid:8221)(cid:8217) The species is distin-
VOLUME 98, NUMBER 2 271
guished from the other members of the A. types (18). PANAMA: Bocas del Toro
salvini group by the following combination [PANAMA, Bocas del/ Toro, Miramar, sea/
of characters: Body with uniform vestiture level, 82°15(cid:8217)W, 9°N/ 30 Mar. 1979 H. Wol-
of slender, ochreous, recumbent scales, da] [Anthonomus/ # 7] (1 female CWOB).
PANAMA: Panama [PANAMA: Pma.
without suberect scales (Figs. 1(cid:8212)4); profe-
mur with a large, broadly triangular ventral Prov./ 9 km. SE Bayano Bridge/ 9°10'N,
tooth and a smaller, more distal ventral 78°46'W/ 8 Sept (cid:8217)74 H. Stockwell] (3
tooth sharing a common base (Figs. 7, 8); males, 1 female HPSC); [Panama: Canal
elytra strongly convex (Fig. 1); aedeagus Zone/ Albrook Forest Site/ Fort Clayton]
narrowly rounded at apex (Fig. 13) [Lot No. 167/ Jan. 30/31, 1968/ R. Hutton/
Distribution.(cid:8212)In addition to 10 speci- Black light trap] [University/ Arkansas/
mens from Santa Rosa National Park, Collection] (4 females CWOB); [Panama:
Guanacaste Province, Costa Rica, including Canal Zone/ Albrook Forest Site/ Fort
one labelled (cid:8220)PARATYPE(cid:8221) (TAMU), 52 Clayton] [Lot No. 168/ Jan. 30/31, 1968/ R.
specimens of A. salvini from the following Hutton/ Black light trap] [University/ Ar-
localities were examined. Brazil. Goias: Ja- kansas/ Collection] (1 male, 2 females
tai (1 MZSP). Mato Grosso: Sinop (1 CWOB); [Panama: Canal Zone/ Albrook
CWOB). Santa Catarina: Nova Teutonia (1 Forest Site/ Fort Clayton] [Lot No. 171/
ELSC, 1 MZSP). Sao Paulo: Piracicaba (37 Jan. 15/16, 1968/ R. Hutton/ Black light
AUEM). México. Yucatan: 28 km. N Be- trap] [University/ Arkansas/ Collection] (1
canchen (1 CWOB). Nicaragua. Granada: male CWOB); [PANAMA: ZONA DEL
Granada (8 TAMU). Rivas: 10 km. S Sapoa CANAL;/ Pipeline Road, 7/ km NW of
(1 CWOB). Venezuela. Anzoategui: 18 km. Gamboa./ Lubin 24 Oct 1975] [Canopy
E Periaguan (1 CWOB). Sample/ Luehea seemannii] (1 male
Plant associations.(cid:8212)Literature and label HPSC); [PANAMA, Canal/ Zone, Marga-
data indicate that A. salvini is associated rita/ May 30, 1957/ at light] (1 male
with the following plants: TAMU); [Panama C. Z./ Margarita, 4 km
NE/ 4 May (cid:8217)75/ H. Stockwell] (1 female
Sapindaceae
HPSC); [PANAMA: C. Z./ 5 mi. NW
sp. (Nova Teutonia, Santa Catarina, Bra- Gamboa/ 24 Oct. (cid:8217)75/ H. P. Stockwell]
zZil)
[Malathion/ Canopy fog] (2 females
Tiliaceae
HPSC).
sp. (Granada, Granada, Nicaragua)
Recognition characters.(cid:8212)Most, if not all
Luehea divaricata Matt. (Piracicaba, Sao
of the specimens in the type series of A.
Paulo, Brazil, reared from flower
stockwelli are the ones Burke (1979:208)
buds [Geraldo Papa, in lit.])
referred to as representing (cid:8220)... an unde-
Luehea speciosa Willd. (Santa Rosa Na-
scribed species from Panama which differ
tional Park, Guanacaste, Costa Rica,
... [from A. salvini] by their smaller size
reared from flower buds [Burke
(2.5(cid:8212)3.0 mm, av. 2.7 mm, n = 5), the larg-
1979:208])
est profemoral tooth being broadly trian-
gular, and the two profemoral teeth being
more widely separated.(cid:8221)
Anthonomus stockwelli Clark,
Unfortunately, this statement attributes
NEW SPECIES
the (cid:8220)broadly triangular(cid:8217)? profemoral tooth
(ti@s, 35 45 95 iil, 125 145)
to the undescribed species instead of to A.
Type series.(cid:8212)Holotype (male). PANA- salvini when in fact, it is A. salvini that has
MA: Panama [PANAMA: Pma. Prov./ 9 the largest profemoral tooth broadly trian-
km. SE Bayano Bridge/ 9°10(cid:8217)'N, 78°46(cid:8217)W/ gular (Figs. 7, 8), as the description of the
8 Sept (cid:8217)74 H. Stockwell] (USNM). Para- species states. The larger profemoral tooth
22 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON
of the new species is much more slender ly curved from base to tip; length 1.28(cid:8212)1.59
(Fig. 9). Furthermore, although the two pro- (mean = 1.43, n = 10) X pronotal length;
femoral teeth of A. salvini were also de- length of apical portion 30(cid:8212)43% (mean =
scribed as (cid:8220)distinctly separated,(cid:8221)(cid:8217) the small- 38%, n = 10) of total rostral length. Legs
er tooth of A. salvini could as well be con- (Figs. 9, 11, 12): protibial and mesotibial
sidered to be a separate prominence that unci and preapical spines slightly larger,
shares a common base with the larger tooth metatibial mucro smaller than male.
(Figs. 7, 8). In the new species, by contrast, Distribution.(cid:8212)Anthonomus stockwelli is
the smaller of the two profemoral teeth is known only from the type series from Pan-
actually separated from the larger one, and ama.
the two do not share a common base (Fig. Plant associations.(cid:8212)Label data indicate
9): that A. stockwelli is associated with the fol-
The new species also differs from A. sal- lowing:
vini by the shorter, stouter, less strongly
Tiliaceae
curved rostrum (cf. Figs. 1, 3), the less
Luehea seemannii Tr. & Pl. (7 km NW
strongly convex elytra (cf. Figs. 1. 3), and
of Gamboa, Panama, Panama)
by the broader aedeagus with the more
bluntly rounded apex (cf. Figs. 13, 14).
Male (Figs. 1, 2).(cid:8212)Length: 2.16(cid:8212)2.88 Etymology.(cid:8212)Anthonomus stockwelli is
mm (mean = 2.50, n = 8). Width: 1.16(cid:8212) named after the collector of many of the
1.36 mm (mean = 1.30, n = 8). Rostrum: specimens in the type series, Dr. Henry P.
length 1.20(cid:8212)1.36 (mean = 1.27, n = 8) X Stockwell of Ancon, Panama.
pronotal length; straight basally, slightly
Anthonomus werneri Clark, NEW SPECIES
curved apically; apical length of apical por-
(Figs. 5, 6, 10)
tion 31(cid:8212)37% (mean = 35%, n = 8) of total
rostral length. Prothorax: with long, slen- Type series.(cid:8212)Holotype (female). BRA-
der, slightly attenuate, uniformly recum- ZIL: Sao Paulo: [Faz. Pau d(cid:8217)Alho/ Iti, SP,
bent, ochreous scales. Elytra: interstria 3 Brasil/ 11.1963 E Werner/ U. Martins col.]
widened and slightly elevated at extreme [PHOTO] (MZSP). Paratypes (2). BRAZIL.
base; interstriae with uniform vestiture of Sao Paulo: 1 female [Barueri/ SP, Brazil/
long, slender scales like those on pronotum. 8.XI.196/ K. Lenko col.] (MZSP); 1 female
Abdomen: sternum 5 slightly shorter than [Faz. Pau d(cid:8217)Alho/ Itu, SP/ 1(cid:8212)5.XI.1961/ U.
sternum 4. Legs (cf. Figs. 9, 11, 12): with R. Martins col.] (MZSP).
long, slender, uniformly recumbent scales; Recognition characters.(cid:8212)Anthonomus
profemur ca. 1.5 wider than metafemur, werneri is distinguished from the other
with a long, slender ventral tooth and a members of the A. salvini group and from
shorter, slightly more slender, entirely sep- all other known anthonomines by the ad-
arate, more distal tooth; meso- and meta- mixture of long, slender, attenuate, ferrugi-
femora each with a short, conical, ventral no-testaceous, recumbent scales and similar
tooth and a minute, more distal tooth, me- but slightly longer, suberect scales that co-
tafemoral teeth; mesotibia with slight mid- alesce into loose tufts on the prothorax and
ventral prominence. Genitalia (Fig. 14): ae- elytra (Figs. 5, 6). It also differs from A.
deagus slightly, broadly constricted medi- salvini and A. stockwelli by having the ex-
ally, bluntly rounded apically; tegmen with treme base of elytral interstria 3 slightly
long dorsal parameres. widened but not elevated, and from A.
Female.(cid:8212)Length: 2.20-2.88 mm (mean stockwelli by the broadly triangular profe-
= 2.58, n = 10). Width: 1.16(cid:8212)-2.88 mm moral tooth and a smaller, more distal tooth
(mean = 1.50, n = 10). Rostrum: slightly on a common base (Fig. 10) as in A. salvini
longer and more slender than in male, even- (cf. Figs. 7, 8).
VOLUME 98, NUMBER 2 273
Male.(cid:8212)Unknown. known only from the type series from Bra-
Female (Figs. 5, 6).(cid:8212)Length: 4.08(cid:8212)4.40 zl.
mm (mean = 4.20, n = 3). Width: 1.10(cid:8212) Plant associations.(cid:8212)Unknown.
1.16 mm (mean = 1.13, n = 3). Rostrum: Etymology.(cid:8212)Anthonomus werneri is
length 1.28(cid:8212)1.59 (mean = 1.43, n = 3) X named after one of the collectors of the ho-
pronotal length; slightly, evenly curved; lotype, the late Floyd G. Werner.
length of apical portion 44(cid:8212)53% (mean =
47%, n = 3) of total rostral length. Protho- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
rax: with admixture of long, slender, atten- Thanks are extended to the individuals
uate, ferrugino-testaceous, recumbent scales and institutions listed in the Materials and
and with similar but slightly longer, suber- Methods section for loans of specimens. J.
ect scales that coalesce into loose tufts W. Brewer, H. R. Burke, and M. L. Wil-
throughout. Elytra: interstria 3 slightly wid- liams provided critical review of the manu-
ened, but not elevated at extreme base; in- script which is published as Alabama Ag-
terstriae with long, slender, recumbent fer- ricultural Experiment Station Journal Series
rugino-testaceous scales and with longer, No. 17-944846.
suberect scales that form loose tufts like
LITERATURE CITED
those on pronotum. Abdomen: sternum 5
slightly longer than sternum 4. Legs: with Burke, H. R. 1979. New species of Mexican and Cen-
admixture of recumbent and suberect tral American Anthonomus (Coleoptera: Curcu-
scales; profemur ca. 1.9X wider than me- lionidae). Southwestern Entomologist 4(3): 201(cid:8212)
208.
tafemur, with a large, broadly triangular
Clark, W. E. 1992. The Anthonomus marmoratus spe-
tooth and a smaller, conical outer tooth on cies group (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Transac-
a common base (Fig. 10); mesofemur with tions of the American Entomological Society
a single, conical ventral tooth; metafemur 118(1): 129-145.
1994. The Anthonomus gibbicrus species
unarmed; mesotibia with midventral prom-
group (Coleoptera: Curculionidae). Proceedings of
inence bluntly rounded.
the Entomological Society of Washington 96(2):
Distribution.(cid:8212)Anthonomus werneri is 193-198.