New species and records of Afrotropical, Australasian, Oriental and Palaearctic Casinaria Holmgren, 1859 (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae)

2020·0.74 MB·

by  Vas, Z

Opusc. Zool. Budapest, 2020, 51(2): 133–152

New species and records of Afrotropical, Australasian, Oriental and
Palaearctic Casinaria Holmgren, 1859 (Hymenoptera:
Ichneumonidae: Campopleginae)

Z. VAS

Zoltán Vas, Hungarian Natural History Museum, Department of Zoology, Hymenoptera Collection, H-1088
Budapest, Baross u. 13., Hungary. E-mail: [email protected]

Abstract. Eight new species of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859 are described: Casinaria castanea sp. nov. and Casinaria rubens
sp. nov. from South Africa, Casinaria sellata sp. nov. from South Africa and Kenya, Casinaria kittenbergeri sp. nov. from
Uganda, Casinaria papuensis sp. nov. from Papua New Guinea, Casinaria coloratilis sp. nov., Casinaria russea sp. nov. and
Casinaria vesca sp. nov. from Taiwan. The Afrotropical species of the genus are overviewed, and an identification key
provided. Additionally, the first reports of Casinaria granulicoxis (Seyrig, 1935) from South Africa, Casinaria albipalpis
(Gravenhorst, 1829) from Sweden and Casinaria kriechbaumeri (Costa, 1884) from Cyprus are given.

Keywords. species description, identification key, Old World, Kittenberger.

INTRODUCTION MATERIAL AND METHODS

C
asinaria Holmgren, 1859 is a species-rich Taxonomy and nomenclature follow Yu &
genus of family Ichneumonidae, subfamily Horstmann (1997) and Yu et al. (2012); hence,
Campopleginae. Prior to this study 106 valid spe- complete nomenclatural history and list of syno-
cies were known worldwide, 33 of them occurring nym taxa are not repeated here. The morpholo-
in the Oriental, 28 in the Western Palaearctic, 18 gical terminology is based on Gauld (1991) and
in the Eastern Palaearctic, 11 in the Australasian, Gauld et al. (1997); however, regarding wing
two in the Oceanic, two in the Afrotropical, 20 in veins, the corresponding terminology of Townes
the Nearctic, and nine in the Neotropical regions (1969) is also indicated for better comparability
(Yu et al. 2012, Riedel 2018, Vas 2019a, b). Most with previous works. The identifications were
species are koinobiont endoparasitoids of various based on Szépligeti (1905), Cameron (1906),
lepidopterous hosts (Jerman & Gauld 1988). Morley (1926), Seyrig (1935), Walley (1947),
Townes et al. (1961), Townes (1970), Townes &
In this paper, based on the material of the Hun- Townes (1973), Gupta & Maheshwary (1977),
garian Natural History Museum (HNHM, Buda- Kusigemati (1985), Jerman & Gauld (1988), Jo-
pest) and the Biological Museum of Lund Uni- nathan (1999), Choi & Lee (2010), Riedel (2018),
versity (MZLU, Lund), eight new species of the van Noort (2019), Vas (2018, 2019a, b), and on
genus are described (four species from Afrotro- checking the relevant type material (type
pical region, one species from Australasian regi- specimens of all species mentioned in the species
on, and three species from Oriental region), the descriptions were examined at least by images).
Afrotropical Casinaria species are revised and an The specimens were identified and examined by
identification key provided, and new distributi- the author using a Nikon SMZ645 stereoscopic
onal records of some Casinaria species are given. microscope. Results are grouped into biogeog

_____________________________________________________________________________________________
urn: lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C2FAA95F-D2BF-4128-839A-F6EEE2D848A6 published: 09 October 2020
HU ISSN 2063-1588 (online) http://dx.doi.org/10.18348/opzool.2020.2.133
Vas: New species and records of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859

raphical regions; within biogeographical regions chestnut-brown, hind femur dark reddish brown,
species are listed alphabetically. Photos were hind tibia chestnut-brown with distinct basal yel-
taken with 14 MP MicroQ-U3L digital camera. lowish spot.
Post image work was done with ToupTek
ToupView v4.7 and Photoshop CS3. Description. Female (Fig. 1). Body length ca.
8 mm, fore wing length ca. 5 mm.
TAXONOMY Head. Antenna with 33 flagellomeres; first fla-
gellomere ca. 3.5× as long as wide apically; pre-
apical flagellomeres quadrate to slightly longer
Subfamily: Campopleginae Förster, 1869
than wide. Head transverse, matt, face coarsely
Genus: Casinaria Holmgren, 1859 granulate with superficial punctures, gena finely

granulate with weak punctures, and with dense,
Type species. Campoplex tenuiventris Graven-
greyish hairs. Ocular-ocellar distance 0.6× as long
horst, 1829; designation by Viereck (1914).
as ocellus diameter, posterior ocellar distance

1.7× as long as ocellus diameter. Inner eye orbits
AFROTROPICAL REGION
strongly indented, ventrally moderately conver-

gent. Gena very short, very strongly narrowed be-
Prior to this study, only two Casinaria species
hind eye. Occipital carina complete, strongly bent
were known from the Afrotropical region, Casi-
out ventrally, reaching hypostomal carina at base
naria crassiventris (Cameron, 1906) and Casina-
of mandible, hypostomal carina slightly elevated.
ria granulicoxis (Seyrig, 1935) (Yu et al. 2012).
Malar space short, 0.4× as long as basal width of
Their specific status is confirmed here as valid,
mandible. Face flat in profile, narrowed ventrally,
their diagnoses are given, and four new Afro-
minimal width of face ca. 0.5× as long as eye
tropical species are described. An identification
length. Clypeus very weakly separated from face,
key to the currently known six Afrotropical Casi-
almost flat in profile, small, its apical margin
naria species is provided below.
weakly convex and moderately sharp. Mandible

short, wide, lower margin of mandible with rather
Casinaria castanea sp. nov.
wide flange from base toward teeth, flange ab-
(Figure 1) ruptly narrowed at teeth, upper mandibular tooth
slightly longer and wider than lower tooth.
Material examined. Holotype: female, S. Afr. Mesosoma. Mesosoma with dense, relatively
[= South Africa], Cape Prov., Cape Peninsula, short, greyish hairs. Dorsal half of pronotum gra-
Hout Bay, Skoorsteenkop, 26.XII.[19]50, leg. nulate, ventral half finely granulate with strong
Brinck & Rudenbeck, Swedish South African transverse wrinkles; epomia strong. Mesoscutum
Expedition 1950–1951, No. 95, Insect trap; speci- coarsely granulate to rugulose and punctate,
men pinned, Id. No. MZLU-HYM 26376. – Para- convex in profile, 0.85× as long as wide, notaulus
type: male, same locality and collectors, 22.I. not developed. Scuto-scutellar groove relatively
1951, Swedish South African Expedition 1950– narrow. Scutellum coarsely granulate with super-
1951, No. 157, Insect trap; specimen pinned, Id. ficial punctures, wide, almost flat, medially not
No. MZLU-HYM 26371. – The holotype and pa- impressed, lateral carina indistinct. Mesopleuron
ratype specimens are deposited in MZLU (Lund). coarsely granulate with dense, superficial punc-
tures, and with transverse wrinkles anterior to spe-
Diagnosis. Among the Afrotropical species of culum; speculum granulate; mesopleural suture
the genus, Casinaria castanea sp. nov. can be impressed with short, strong transverse costae.
easily identified by the combined presence of the Epicnemial carina complete, strong, pleural part
following characters: scapus and pedicellus ven- bent to anterior margin of mesopleuron reaching it
trally yellowish, mandible and tegula pale yellow, above its middle height, transversal part (i.e. the
metasoma from third tergite on predominantly part at the level of sternaulus running through the
134
Vas: New species and records of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859

epicnemium to the ventral edge of pronotum) not concave. Ovipositor sheath shorter than apical
developed, ventral part (behind fore coxae) com- depth of metasoma; ovipositor strong, straight,
plete, slightly elevated. Sternaulus indistinct. Pos- compressed, dorsal preapical notch distinct, lower
terior transverse carina of mesosternum complete. valve abruptly narrowed before apex.
Metanotum coarsely granulate, ca. 0.4× as long as Colour. Antenna dark brown, scapus and pe-
scutellum. Metapleuron coarsely granulate with dicellus ventrally yellowish. Head black except
superficial punctures; juxtacoxal carina indistinct; palpi and mandible pale yellow, mandibular teeth
submetapleural carina complete, strong. Pleural reddish brown. Mesosoma black except tegula
carina of propodeum strong; propodeal spiracle pale yellow. Metasoma: petiolus black, post-
oval, separated from pleural carina by distinctly petiolus brownish; second tergite blackish, suba-
less than 0.5× its length. Propodeum long, its apex pically brownish; basal half of third tergite dark
reaching about middle length of hind coxa, rather brown, apical half chestnut-brown; following ter-
coarsely granulate to rugose, apical two-third me- gites chestnut-brown with indistinct, narrow,
dially narrowly impressed with strong transverse somewhat darker dorsal patches; ovipositor sheath
wrinkles; propodeal carinae indistinct. Fore wing blackish. Wings hyaline, wing veins and pte-
with petiolate areolet, 3rs-m present, pigmented, rostigma brown. Fore leg: coxa extensively pale
second recurrent vein (2m-cu) close to distal yellow, basally dark brown to blackish; trochanter
corner of areolet; distal abscissa of Rs straight; and trochantellus pale yellow; femur pale yellow,
nervulus (cu-a) about interstitial; postnervulus ventrally reddish yellow; tibia dorsally pale
(abscissa of Cu1 between 1m-cu and Cu1a + yellow, ventrally reddish yellow; tarsus yellowish,
Cu1b) intercepted at about its middle by Cu1a; apical tarsomere brownish. Middle leg: coxa
lower external angle of second discal cell acute. black, apically narrowly yellowish; trochanter and
Hind wing with nervellus (cu-a + abscissa of Cu1 trochantellus pale yellow; femur brownish yellow,
between M and cu-a) about vertical, not basally and ventrally somewhat darkened; tibia
intercepted by discoidella (distal abscissa of Cu1); dorsally pale yellow, ventrally reddish yellow;
discoidella spectral, proximally not connected to tarsus light brownish except basal half of first tar-
nervellus. Coxae granulate with superficial punc- somere yellowish. Hind leg: coxa black; trochan-
tures. Hind femur relatively stout, ca. 5.0× as long ter dark brown with pale yellow apical margin;
as high. Inner spur of hind tibia ca. 0.75× as long trochantellus pale yellow; femur dark reddish
as first tarsomere of hind tarsus. Tarsal claws brown, apically somewhat darkened, extreme base
small and short, about as long as arolium, basal narrowly yellowish; tibia chestnut-brown with
half with small but distinct pecten. distinct basal yellowish spot; tarsus dark brown
Metasoma. Metasoma compressed, finely gra- except extreme base of first tarsomere narrowly
nulate to shagreened with short, greyish hairs. yellowish.
First tergite long and slender, ca. 5.0× as long as Male. Similar to female in all characters
width of its apical margin, 1.25× as long as se- described above, except: antenna with 34 flagello-
cond tergite, 1.1× as long as hind femur, without meres; first flagellomere ca. 2.5× as long as wide;
glymma; dorsomedian carina of first tergite miss- malar space 0.5× as long as basal width of man-
ing; postpetiolus moderately bulging. Suture se- dible; minimal width of face ca. 0.6× as long as
parating first tergite from first sternite situated eye length; sculpture of mesosoma and coxae
strongly above mid-height at basal third of first somewhat coarser, punctures stronger, propodeum
metasomal segment. Second tergite long and more rugose than in female; hind femur ca. 5.5×
slender, 2.5× as long as its apical width; thyri- as long as high; second tergite ca. 3.0× as long as
dium strongly elongate, long and deep, its dis- its apical width; clasper narrow, elongate rod-like,
tance from basal margin of tergite ca. 1.5× as long apically little widened and rounded; fore and
as its length, connected to basal margin of tergite middle femora more reddish brown, hind femur
by a weak, superficial groove. Posterior margins and metasoma somewhat darker brownish than in
of third and following tergites medially slightly female.
135
Vas: New species and records of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859

Distribution. South Africa. MZLU-HYM 26373 deposited in HNHM (Buda-
pest, Id. No. HNHM-HYM 155184).
Etymology. The specific epithet castanea is the
feminine form of the Latin adjective castaneus, - Diagnosis. Among the Afrotropical species of
a, -um meaning chestnut-coloured; it refers to the the genus, Casinaria granulicoxis (Seyrig, 1935)
colouration of metasoma and hind legs of the new can be identified by the combined presence of the
species. following characters: scapus and pedicellus en-
tirely dark brown, mandible and tegula yellow,
Remarks. The new species is somewhat similar hind femur dark brown, hind tibia dark brown
to the Afrotropical species Casinaria granulicoxis without yellowish basal spot, metasoma blackish
(Seyrig, 1935), but this species can be readily to dark brown, laterally dark reddish brown. Male
distinguished from the new species by its entirely unknown.
dark brown scapus and pedicellus, dark brown
hind femur, and dark brown hind tibia without Distribution. Kenya, South Africa.
yellowish basal spot.
Remarks. First record for South Africa.
Casinaria crassiventris (Cameron, 1906)
Casinaria kittenbergeri sp. nov.
Campoplex crassiventris Cameron, 1906: 95, female.
(Figure 2)
Material examined. Holotype female, deposit-
ed in Iziko South African Museum (SAMC, Cape Material examined. Holotype: female, Uganda,
Town). Mujenje, VII.1913, leg. [K.] Katona [= K. Kitten-
berger]; specimen pinned, Id. No. HNHM-HYM
Diagnosis. Among the Afrotropical species of 155185. – Paratypes: one female and one male,
the genus, Casinaria crassiventris (Cameron, same locality and collector, VIII.1913; specimens
1906) can be easily identified by the combined pinned, Id. No. HNHM-HYM 155186–155187,
presence of the following characters: scapus, pe- respectively. The holotype and paratype speci-
dicellus, palpi and tegula blackish, mandible mens are deposited in HNHM (Budapest).
predominantly blackish, fore and middle legs ex-
cept coxae predominantly reddish, hind femur Diagnosis. Among the Afrotropical species of
blackish, hind tibia dark reddish brown without the genus, Casinaria kittenbergeri sp. nov. can be
distinct basal yellowish spot, metasoma black, readily identified by the combined presence of the
middle tergites extensively reddish, wings infus- following characters: body black except mandible
cate. Male unknown. subapically and apical two-third of third tergite
reddish brown, middle and hind legs black to dark
Distribution. South Africa. brown, dorsally all tibiae extensively ivory.

Casinaria granulicoxis (Seyrig, 1935)
Description. Female (Fig. 2). Body length ca.
Deltops granulicoxis Seyrig, 1935: 85, female. 11 mm, fore wing length ca. 6 mm.
Head. Antenna with 48–50 flagellomeres; first
Material examined. Holotype female, depo- flagellomere ca. 2.5× as long as wide apically;
sited in Muséum National d'Historie naturelle preapical flagellomeres longer than wide. Head
(MNHN, Paris). – Two females, S. Afr. [= South transverse, matt, face rugose-punctate, gena gra-
Africa], Natal, Royal Natal National Park, 7– nulate-punctate, and with dense, relatively long,
11.IV.[19]51, leg. Brinck & Rudenbeck, Swedish silvery hairs. Ocular-ocellar distance 0.9× as long
South African Expedition 1950–1951, No. 271, as ocellus diameter, posterior ocellar distance
Insect trap; specimens pinned, Id. No. MZLU- 1.9× as long as ocellus diameter. Inner eye orbits
HYM 26372 deposited in MZLU (Lund), Id. No. indented, about parallel. Gena moderately short,
136
Vas: New species and records of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859

roundly narrowed behind eye, in dorsal view ca. file roundly curved toward apex, rather long, its
0.4× as long as eye width. Occipital carina ven- apex reaching beyond middle length of hind coxa,
trally weakened, weakly bent out, reaching hypo- rather evenly and finely sculptured rugose-rugu-
stomal carina at or little before base of mandible, lose, medially distinctly and widely impressed;
hypostomal carina slightly elevated. Malar space propodeal carinae indistinct except very short
very short, ca. 0.3× as long as basal width of man- basal sections of lateromedian longitudinal cari-
dible. Face weakly convex in profile, minimal nae. Fore wing with petiolate, small areolet, 3rs-m
width of face ca. 0.75× as long as eye length. present, pigmented, second recurrent vein (2m-cu)
Clypeus very weakly separated from face, almost at distal corner of areolet; distal part of distal
flat in profile, relatively wide, its apical margin abscissa of Rs rather strongly curved toward wing
weakly convex, sharp, punctures stronger on cly- margin; nervulus (cu-a) interstitial to postfurcal
peus than on other parts of head. Mandible rela- by about its width; postnervulus (abscissa of Cu1
tively long, strong and wide, lower margin of between 1m-cu and Cu1a + Cu1b) intercepted at
mandible with relatively narrow flange from base about its middle by Cu1a; lower external angle of
toward teeth, flange gradually tapered toward second discal cell acute. Hind wing with nervellus
teeth, mandibular teeth of equal length. (cu-a + abscissa of Cu1 between M and cu-a)
Mesosoma. Mesosoma relatively short, with broken, weakly intercepted by discoidella (distal
dense, relatively long, silvery hairs. Dorsal half of abscissa of Cu1) at about its lower 0.3–0.5, its
pronotum granulate with superficial punctures, anterior section vertical, posterior section recli-
ventral half finely granulate with moderately vous; discoidella spectral, proximally weakly
strong transverse wrinkles; epomia distinct. Meso- connected to nervellus. Coxae granulate with
scutum rugose-punctate, weakly convex in pro- superficial punctures. Hind femur relatively slen-
file, little shorter than wide, notaulus not deve- der, ca. 5.5× as long as high. Inner spur of hind
loped. Scuto-scutellar groove narrow. Scutellum tibia ca. 0.70–0.75× as long as first tarsomere of
rugose-punctate, wide, weakly convex, medially hind tarsus. Tarsal claws relatively long, longer
not impressed, lateral carina indistinct. Meso- than arolium, basal half with distinct pecten.
pleuron coarsely granulate to rugose with dense, Metasoma. Metasoma long, weakly com-
distinct punctures on lower half and along anterior pressed, very finely granulate to shagreened with
margin, with relatively weak transverse wrinkles moderately short, greyish hairs. First tergite long
above speculum; speculum granulate; mesopleural and slender, ca. 5.0× as long as width of its apical
suture impressed with short, moderately strong margin, 1.3× as long as second tergite, 1.2× as
transverse costae. Epicnemial carina complete, long as hind femur, without glymma; dorso-
strong, pleural part bent to anterior margin of me- median carina of first tergite missing; postpetiolus
sopleuron reaching it below its middle height, bulging. Suture separating first tergite from first
transversal part (i.e. the part at the level of ster- sternite situated strongly above mid-height at
naulus running through the epicnemium to the basal third of first metasomal segment. Second
ventral edge of pronotum) not developed, ventral tergite long and slender, 2.5–2.7× as long as its
part (behind fore coxae) complete, slightly apical width; thyridium small, short and oval, its
elevated. Sternaulus indistinct. Posterior trans- distance from basal margin of tergite ca. 4.0× as
verse carina of mesosternum complete, little ele- long as its length, not connected to basal margin
vated, medially slightly and widely excised. Meta- of tergite by a groove. Posterior margins of apical
notum rugose-punctate, ca. 0.3× as long as scutel- tergites medially slightly concave. Ovipositor
lum. Metapleuron rugose-rugulose with superfi- sheath shorter than apical depth of metasoma;
cial punctures; juxtacoxal carina indistinct; sub- ovipositor moderately strong, straight, com-
metapleural carina complete, strong. Pleural ca- pressed, dorsal preapical notch distinct, lower
rina of propodeum strong; propodeal spiracle valve gradually tapered to apex.
strongly elongate, separated from pleural carina Colour. Antenna basally, including scapus and
by about 0.2–0.3× its length. Propodeum in pro- pedicellus, blackish, apical two-third dorsally
137
Vas: New species and records of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859

brown, ventrally light brownish. Head black, palpi Scenocharops Uchida, 1932, but the medially im-
brown to yellowish brown, mandible black, before pressed mesopleural suture and the lack of lateral
teeth narrowly reddish brown, teeth dark reddish flange on petiolus clearly distinguish it from
brown. Mesosoma, including tegula, black. Me- Scenocharops species.
tasoma black, except apical two-third of third
tergite reddish brown, sometimes basal 0.1–0.2 of Casinaria rubens sp. nov.
fourth tergite also reddish brown; ovipositor
(Figure 3)
sheath dark brown. Wings little infuscate, wing

veins and pterostigma brown. Fore leg: coxa
Material examined. Holotype: female, S. Afr.
black; trochanter dark brown, apically narrowly
[= South Africa], Cape Prov., Cape Peninsula,
yellowish brown; trochantellus dorsally brown,
Hout Bay, Skoorsteenkop, 26.XII.[19]50, leg.
apically and ventrally yellowish brown; femur
Brinck & Rudenbeck, Swedish South African
predominantly brown, basally darkened, apical
Expedition 1950–1951, No. 95, Insect trap;
half dorsally yellowish brown; tibia dorsally
specimen pinned, Id. No. MZLU-HYM 26377. –
ivory, ventrally brownish; tarsus yellowish brown, The holotype specimen is deposited in MZLU
apical tarsomeres brown. Middle leg: coxa and (Lund).
trochanter black; trochantellus and femur black-
ish; tibia dorsally ivory, ventrally and a narrow Diagnosis. Among the Afrotropical species of
apical band dark brown; tibial spurs ivory; tarsus the genus, Casinaria rubens sp. nov. can be easily
brown. Hind leg: coxa, trochanter, trochantellus identified by the combined presence of the fol-
and femur black; tibia blackish, dorsally ivory lowing characters: scapus and pedicellus ventrally
from base to half or two-third of its length; tibial yellowish brown, mandible and tegula pale
spurs ivory; tarsus dark brown except extreme yellow, metasoma basally extensively, from third
base of first tarsomere very narrowly reddish tergite entirely reddish, all femora reddish, middle
brown. and hind tibiae reddish with distinct basal
Male. Similar to female in all characters yellowish spots.
described above, except: ocular-ocellar distance
1.1× as long as ocellus diameter, posterior ocellar Description. Female (Fig. 3). Body length ca.
distance 2.2× as long as ocellus diameter; lower 8 mm, fore wing length ca. 5 mm.
external angle of second discal cell almost right- Head. Antenna with 34 flagellomeres; first
angled; nervellus less distinctly broken, weakly flagellomere ca. 4.0× as long as wide apically;
intercepted at about its lower 0.2; inner spur of preapical flagellomeres quadrate to slightly longer
hind tibia 0.65× as long as first tarsomere of hind than wide. Head transverse, matt, face rugulose-
tarsus; posterior margins of apical tergites punctate, gena granulate with superficial punc-
straight; clasper narrow, rather thin, elongate rod- tures, and with dense, greyish hairs. Ocular-ocel-
like, apically slightly widened and rounded. lar distance 0.5× as long as ocellus diameter, pos-
terior ocellar distance 1.7× as long as ocellus dia-
Distribution. Uganda. meter. Inner eye orbits strongly indented, ventral-
ly moderately convergent. Gena very short, very
Etymology. This species is dedicated to the strongly narrowed behind eye, in lateral view ven-
memory of its collector, Kálmán Kittenberger trally widened. Occipital carina complete, slightly
(1881–1958), in honour of his remarkable col- bent out ventrally, reaching hypostomal carina
lecting activity for the Hungarian natural history distinctly before base of mandible, hypostomal
collection. carina slightly elevated. Malar space 0.5× as long
as basal width of mandible. Face flat in profile,
Remarks. The general habitus of this species narrowed ventrally, minimal width of face ca.
shows some superficial similarity to the closely 0.6× as long as eye length. Clypeus very weakly
related Oriental and Eastern Palaearctic genus separated from face, almost flat in profile, small,
138
Vas: New species and records of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859

its apical margin weakly convex, sharp. Mandible straight; nervulus (cu-a) postfurcal by 0.2× its
short, wide, lower margin of mandible with rather length; postnervulus (abscissa of Cu1 between
wide flange from base toward teeth, flange ab- 1m-cu and Cu1a + Cu1b) intercepted little above
ruptly narrowed at teeth, upper mandibular tooth its middle by Cu1a; lower external angle of
slightly longer and wider than lower tooth. second discal cell acute. Hind wing with nervellus
Mesosoma. Mesosoma with dense, relatively (cu-a + abscissa of Cu1 between M and cu-a)
short, greyish hairs. Pronotum granulate to finely about vertical, not intercepted by discoidella
rugose, ventral half with weak transverse wrin- (distal abscissa of Cu1); discoidella spectral,
kles; epomia distinct. Mesoscutum rugose-punc- proximally not connected to nervellus. Coxae
tate, convex in profile, 0.9× as long as wide, no- granulate with weak, superficial punctures. Hind
taulus not developed. Scuto-scutellar groove femur relatively stout, ca. 5.0× as long as high.
relatively wide. Scutellum rugose, partly rugose- Inner spur of hind tibia ca. 0.7× as long as first
punctate, convex, medially not impressed, lateral tarsomere of hind tarsus. Tarsal claws small and
carina indistinct. Mesopleuron rugose-rugulose short, little longer than arolium, basal half with
with dense, superficial punctures on lower half distinct pecten.
and along anterior margin, with few, weak trans- Metasoma. Metasoma compressed, relatively
verse wrinkles above speculum; speculum granu- short, finely granulate to shagreened with short,
late to finely granulate, ventrally subpolished; greyish-brownish hairs. First tergite moderately
mesopleural suture impressed with short, mode- long and slender, ca. 4.0× as long as width of its
rately strong transverse costae. Epicnemial carina apical margin, 1.3× as long as second tergite, 0.9×
complete, strong, pleural part bent to anterior as long as hind femur, without glymma; dorsome-
margin of mesopleuron reaching it at about its dian carina of first tergite missing; postpetiolus
middle height, transversal part (i.e. the part at the bulging. Suture separating first tergite from first
level of sternaulus running through the epicne- sternite situated at mid-height at basal third of
mium to the ventral edge of pronotum) not deve- first metasomal segment. Second tergite mode-
loped, ventral part (behind fore coxae) complete, rately long and slender, 2.0× as long as its apical
not elevated. Sternaulus indistinct. Posterior trans- width; thyridium oval, its distance from basal
verse carina of mesosternum complete, medially margin of tergite about as long as its length, not
not excised. Metanotum granulate-rugose, ca. connected to basal margin of tergite by a groove.
0.4× as long as scutellum. Metapleuron rugose Posterior margins of apical tergites medially
with superficial punctures; juxtacoxal carina slightly, almost indiscernibly concave. Ovipositor
indistinct; submetapleural carina complete, strong. sheath shorter than apical depth of metasoma.
Pleural carina of propodeum strong; propodeal Colour. Antenna dark brown, scapus and
spiracle oval, separated from pleural carina by ca. pedicellus ventrally yellowish brown. Head black
0.75× its length. Propodeum relatively short, its except palpi and mandible pale yellow, man-
apex not reaching middle length of hind coxa, dibular teeth reddish brown. Mesosoma black
coarsely rugose, apical half medially only slightly except tegula pale yellow. Metasoma: petiolus
impressed with moderately strong transverse dark brown, apically reddish, postpetiolus redd-
wrinkles. Propodeal carinae partly developed: ish; second tergite reddish, its basal half and
basal sections of lateromedian longitudinal cari- apical margin blackish; third and following ter-
nae weak but discernible, apical sections obsolete; gites reddish; ovipositor sheath blackish. Wings
lateral longitudinal carinae strong; median section subhyaline, wing veins and pterostigma brown.
of anterior transverse carina strong, costula and Fore leg: coxa dark brown, ventrally and apically
lateral section indistinct; posterior transverse cari- yellowish brown; trochanter and trochantellus
na strong except median section indistinct. Fore pale yellow; femur reddish; tibia reddish, dorsally
wing with petiolate areolet, 3rs-m present, pig- yellowish; tarsus reddish, apical tarsomeres
mented, second recurrent vein (2m-cu) close to brownish. Middle leg: coxa blackish, ventrally
distal corner of areolet; distal abscissa of Rs and apically reddish brown; trochanter pale yel-
139
Vas: New species and records of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859

low; trochantellus reddish brown; femur reddish; medially yellowish, sub-basally, ventrally and
tibia reddish with distinct yellowish basal spot; apically brown (male).
tarsus brownish. Hind leg: coxa black; trochanter
and trochantellus brown; femur reddish; tibia Description. Female (Fig. 4). Body length ca.
reddish with distinct yellowish basal spot; tarsus 7 mm, fore wing length ca. 4.5 mm.
brown. Head. Antenna with 33 flagellomeres; first
Male. Unknown. flagellomere ca. 3.5× as long as wide apically;
preapical flagellomeres quadrate. Head transverse,
Distribution. South Africa. matt, face rugulose with superficial punctures,
gena granulate with weak punctures, and with
Etymology. The specific epithet rubens is a dense, short, greyish hairs. Ocular-ocellar distance
Latin one-termination participle treated as an ad- 0.7× as long as ocellus diameter, posterior ocellar
jective, meaning coloured or tinged with red; it distance 1.6× as long as ocellus diameter. Inner
refers to the colouration of metasoma and legs of eye orbits strongly indented, ventrally moderately
the new species. convergent. Gena very short, very strongly nar-
rowed behind eye. Occipital carina complete, not
Casinaria sellata sp. nov. bent out ventrally, reaching hypostomal carina
little before base of mandible, hypostomal carina
(Figure 4)
slightly elevated. Malar space 0.6× as long as

basal width of mandible. Face flat in profile,
Material examined. Holotype: female, S. Afr.
narrowed ventrally, minimal width of face ca.
[= South Africa], Cape Prov., Cape Peninsula,
0.5× as long as eye length. Clypeus very weakly
Hout Bay, Skoorsteenkop, 14.II.[19]51, leg.
separated from face, almost flat in profile, small,
Brinck & Rudenbeck, Swedish South African
its apical margin weakly convex, sharp. Mandible
Expedition 1950–1951, No. 183, Insect trap;
short, wide, lower margin of mandible with rather
specimen pinned, Id. No. MZLU-HYM 26375. –
wide flange from base toward teeth, flange ab-
Paratypes: male, same locality and collectors,
ruptly narrowed at teeth, upper mandibular tooth
26.XII.[19]50, Swedish South African Expedition
slightly longer and wider than lower tooth.
1950–1951, No. 95, Insect trap; specimen card-
Mesosoma. Mesosoma relatively short, with
mounted, Id. No. MZLU-HYM 26378; male, Ke-
nya, Mt. Elgon Nat. P., SW ridge of Koroborte, dense, short, greyish hairs. Dorsal third of pro-
Echinaceae bush, 3300m, 16.I.1992, leg. O. notum granulate to rugulose, ventral two-third
Merkl, No. 472, swept; specimen card-mounted, finely granulate with moderately strong transverse
Id. No. HNHM-HYM 155188. The holotype and wrinkles; epomia strong. Mesoscutum rugose-
one paratype (MZLU-HYM 26378) are deposited punctate, convex in profile, 0.9× as long as wide,
in MZLU (Lund), and one paratype (HNHM- notaulus not developed. Scuto-scutellar groove
HYM 155188) is deposited in HNHM (Budapest). moderately wide. Scutellum rugose-punctate, con-
vex, medially not impressed, lateral carina in-
Diagnosis. Among the Afrotropical species of distinct. Mesopleuron rugose with dense, super-
the genus, Casinaria sellata sp. nov. can be easily ficial punctures on lower half and along anterior
identified by the combined presence of the fol- margin, with relatively weak transverse wrinkles
lowing characters: scapus and pedicellus blackish, above and anterior to speculum; speculum granu-
at least apical half of mandible yellowish, tegula late; mesopleural suture impressed with short,
yellow, metasoma blackish except apical half of strong transverse costae. Epicnemial carina com-
third tergite and almost entire fourth tergite plete, strong, pleural part bent to anterior margin
orange to yellowish brown, middle and hind fe- of mesopleuron reaching it at about its middle
mora reddish, hind tibia brown with distinct basal height, transversal part (i.e. the part at the level of
yellowish spot (female) or basally and externo- sternaulus running through the epicnemium to the

140
Vas: New species and records of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859

ventral edge of pronotum) not developed, ventral slightly, almost indiscernibly concave. Ovipositor
part (behind fore coxae) complete, slightly ele- sheath shorter than apical depth of metasoma.
vated. Sternaulus indistinct. Posterior transverse Colour. Antenna, including scapus and pedi-
carina of mesosternum complete, medially not cellus, blackish to dark brown. Head black except
excised. Metanotum rugose-punctate, ca. 0.5× as palpi yellow, apical half of mandible brownish
long as scutellum. Metapleuron rugulose-rugose yellow, mandibular teeth reddish brown. Mesoso-
with superficial punctures; juxtacoxal carina in- ma black except tegula yellow. Metasoma black-
distinct; submetapleural carina complete, strong. ish except apical half of third tergite and almost
Pleural carina of propodeum complete; propodeal entire fourth tergite orange; ovipositor sheath
spiracle oval, separated from pleural carina by ca. blackish. Wings hyaline, wing veins and ptero-
0.5× its length. Propodeum long, its apex reaching stigma brown. Fore leg: coxa black; trochanter
little beyond middle length of hind coxa, rugose- brown; trochantellus brownish yellow; femur dark
rugulose, apical half medially narrowly, weakly reddish yellow; tibia light reddish yellow, dorsally
impressed with relatively weak, short transverse pale yellow; tarsus light reddish yellow, apical
wrinkles; propodeal carinae indistinct. Fore wing tarsomeres brownish. Middle leg: coxa black; tro-
chanter dark brown; trochantellus brownish yel-
with petiolate areolet, stalk of areolet short, 3rs-m
low; femur reddish; tibia reddish, dorsally pale
present, pigmented, second recurrent vein (2m-cu)
yellowish; tarsus reddish brown. Hind leg: coxa
slightly distal to middle of areolet; distal abscissa
black; trochanter blackish; trochantellus brownish
of Rs straight; nervulus (cu-a) postfurcal by about
to yellowish; femur reddish; tibia brown with
its width; postnervulus (abscissa of Cu1 between
distinct basal yellowish spot; tarsus brown except
1m-cu and Cu1a + Cu1b) intercepted at about its
extreme base of first tarsomere narrowly yellow-
middle by Cu1a; lower external angle of second
ish brown.
discal cell acute. Hind wing with nervellus (cu-a
Male. Similar to female in all characters de-
+ abscissa of Cu1 between M and cu-a) reclivous,
scribed above, except: antenna with 31–33 flagel-
not intercepted by discoidella (distal abscissa of
lomeres; first flagellomere ca. 2.5× as long as
Cu1); discoidella spectral, proximally not con-
wide; ocular-ocellar distance 0.9× as long as
nected to nervellus. Coxae granulate with super-
ocellus diameter, posterior ocellar distance 1.8×
ficial punctures. Hind femur slender, ca. 5.5× as
as long as ocellus diameter; malar space 0.7–0.8×
long as high. Inner spur of hind tibia ca. 0.7× as
as long as basal width of mandible; minimal width
long as first tarsomere of hind tarsus. Tarsal claws
of face ca. 0.6× as long as eye length; hind femur
small and short, about as long as arolium, basal
ca. 5.0× as long as high; first tergite about as long
half with small pecten.
as second tergite, 1.0–1.1× as long as hind femur;
Metasoma. Metasoma compressed, conspicu-
second tergite 3.0–4.0× as long as its apical width;
ously elongate, finely granulate to shagreened
clasper broad, apically rounded; mandible predo-
with short, greyish hairs. First tergite rather long
minantly yellowish; apical half of third tergite and
and slender, ca. 5.5× as long as width of its apical
fourth tergite orange to yellowish brown; all tro-
margin, 1.1× as long as second tergite, 1.0× as
chantelli predominantly yellowish; fore and
long as hind femur, without glymma; dorso-
middle tarsi yellowish, apical tarsomeres brown-
median carina of first tergite missing; postpetiolus
ish; hind femur apically darkened; hind tibia ba-
moderately bulging. Suture separating first tergite
sally and externo-medially pale yellow, sub-ba-
from first sternite situated strongly above mid- sally, ventrally and apically brown.
height at basal third of first metasomal segment.
Second tergite rather long and slender, 3.3× as Distribution. South Africa, Kenya.
long as its apical width; thyridium large, elongate
oval, deep, its distance from basal margin of ter- Etymology. The specific epithet sellata is the
gite ca. 3.0× as long as its length, not connected feminine form of the Latin adjective sellatus, -a, -
to basal margin of tergite by a groove. Posterior um meaning saddled; it refers to the colouration of
margins of third and following tergites medially metasoma of the new species.
141
Vas: New species and records of Casinaria Holmgren, 1859

Figures 1–4. Holotypes of new Afrotropical Casinaria species. 1 = Casinaria castanea sp. nov., 2 = Casinaria kittenbergeri sp.
nov., 3 = Casinaria rubens sp. nov., 4 = Casinaria sellata sp. nov. (scale bars = 1 mm)

Identification key to the Afrotropical Casinaria 3. Metasoma from third tergite entirely reddish, basal tergites
species extensively reddish ........................ Casinaria rubens sp. nov.
– Metasoma predominantly black to brown ........................... 4

An identification key to the currently known
4. Hind femur reddish, metasoma blackish except apical half
Afrotropical Casinaria species is provided below. of third tergite and almost entire fourth tergite orange to
It should be considered preliminary and used with yellowish brown ......................................................................
caution, as it is principally based on type mate- ........................................................ Casinaria sellata sp. nov.
rials, hence the intraspecific variability is little un- – Hind femur dark reddish brown to dark brown, metasoma
either blackish to dark brown, laterally dark reddish brown or
derstood, and most probably several yet unde-
from third tergite predominantly chestnut-brown .................. 5
scribed species occur in the region.

5. Scapus and pedicellus entirely dark brown, metasoma
1. Tegula black ...................................................................... 2 blackish to dark brown, laterally dark reddish brown, hind
– Tegula yellow .................................................................... 3 femur dark brown, hind tibia dark brown without yellowish
basal spot .................................................................................
2. Middle legs except coxae predominantly reddish, hind .................................... Casinaria granulicoxis (Seyrig, 1935)
femur blackish, hind tibia dark reddish brown without – Scapus and pedicellus ventrally yellowish, metasoma from
distinct basal yellowish spot .................................................... third tergite predominantly chestnut-brown, hind femur dark
............................... Casinaria crassiventris (Cameron, 1906) reddish brown, hind tibia chestnut-brown with distinct basal
– Middle and hind legs blackish, tibiae dorsally extensively yellowish spot ..........................................................................
ivory ..................................... Casinaria kittenbergeri sp. nov. .................................................... Casinaria castanea sp. nov.

142